干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 496-505.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2020.02.26

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陕西省景观生态脆弱性时空演变及其影响因素

张 行1,2，陈 海1,2，史琴琴1,2，张敏1,2，刘 迪1,2   

  1. 1. 西北大学城市与环境学院，陕西 西安 710127; 2. 陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室，陕西 西安 710127
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-21 修回日期:2019-08-28 出版日期:2020-03-26 发布日期:2022-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈海. E-mail: chw@nwu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张行(1989-)，男，博士研究生，研究方向为乡村发展与土地利用.E-mail: zhrwdl2000@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41671086，41871185)资助

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of landscape ecological vulnerability in Shaanxi Province

ZHANG Hang1,2, CHEN Hai1,2, SHI Qinqin1,2, ZHANG Min1,2, LIU Di1,2   

  1. 1. College of Urban and Environmental Science,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,Shaanxi,China; 2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,Xi’an 710127,Shaanxi,China
  • Received:2019-05-21 Revised:2019-08-28 Online:2020-03-26 Published:2022-01-10

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摘要： 以陕西省为研究区，基于景观格局和景观功能2个方面构建景观生态脆弱性模型，分析省域及内部自然单元分区2个层面景观生态脆弱性时空演变，并运用地理探测器方法探究景观生态脆弱性多尺度驱动机制。结果表明：① 2000—2015年陕西省景观格局脆弱性指数分别是0.477 3和0.409 7，降低了6.76%，在空间上高值区分布于北部及中部，低值区分布于中部两侧；景观功能脆弱性指数分别是0.492 6和0.417 4，降低了7.52%，高值区集中于北部和中部，低值区呈零星分布的空间布局。② 研究期间陕西省景观生态脆弱性指数分别为0.427 5和0.369 7，减少了5.78％，呈现出南北方向高低交错的空间布局，且内部分区之间有明显分区过渡表现。其中，黄土高原区脆弱性降低8.55%；关中盆地区脆弱性降低3.81%；秦巴山地区脆弱性降低1.20%。③ 全省及内部分区生态脆弱性的影响因素因地理尺度的差异而不同，自然环境因素对脆弱性变化起重要作用，而社会经济因素呈不断增强态势。本文提出的景观生态脆弱性评价方法可为生态脆弱性评估提供方法参考。

关键词: 景观生态, 脆弱性, 时空变化, 影响因素, 地理探测器, 陕西省

Abstract: sing the landscape pattern and landscape function to construct a landscape ecological vulnerability model for Shaanxi Province,this work analyzes two dimensions (provincial and internal natural units) of the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological vulnerability.It also explores the multiscale driving mechanism of landscape ecological vulnerability by applying a geographical probe model.The results showed the following:(1) The landscape pattern vulnerability index of Shaanxi Province in 2000 and 2015 was 0.477 3 and 0.409 7,respectively,suggesting a decrease of 6.76%.The spatial difference in landscape pattern vulnerability shows that high values are distributed in the north,whereas low values are distributed on both sides of the central area.The landscape function vulnerability index in 2000 and 2015 was 0.492 6 and 0.417 4,respectively,suggesting a decrease of 7.52%.The spatial difference in landscape functional vulnerability is concentrated in the scattered spatial layout of lowvalue areas in the north and the central region.(2) In 2000 and 2015,the landscape ecological vulnerability index of Shaanxi Province was 0.427 5 and 0.369 7,respectively,suggesting a decrease of 5.78%.The spatial difference in vulnerability is significant,and the overall distribution pattern from south to north shows a high-low zonal staggered distribution pattern,with an obvious transition between internal partitions.The vulnerabilities of the Loess Plateau,Guanzhong Basin,and the Qinba Mountains were reduced by 8.55%,3.81%,and 1.20%,respectively.(3) The influencing factors of the whole province and internal divisions vary with the geographical scale.Natural environmental factors play a vital role in the change in vulnerability,while the role of socioeconomic factors are continuously increasing.The landscape ecological vulnerability assessment method proposed in this paper can provide a reference for the ecological vulnerability assessment.The research conclusion can provide a decisionmaking basis for regional sustainable development.

Key words: landscape ecological, vulnerability, spatiotemporal change, driving force, geographical detector, Shaanxi Province