塔里木盆地中北部绿洲生态安全评价

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.04.26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 维护生态环境脆弱的西北干旱区绿洲生态安全，是实现区域可持续发展的重要前提。以渭干河-库车河绿洲为研究区，从绿洲生态系统结构、功能、效益三方面构建评价指标体系；运用三角模型，对2005—2014年该绿洲生态安全状态和趋势进行测算分析；采用灰色关联分析法对影响该绿洲生态安全的因子进行分析。结果表明：①生态系统非结构性指数（NSI）总体呈逐年下降趋势；生态系统非功能性指数（NFI），呈现出波动起伏变化趋势；生态系统效益性指数（BI）总体上呈现持续上升趋势。②在2005—2014年期间，渭干河-库车河绿洲生态安全经历了不安全-弱安全两个状态，并呈现出逐渐向安全且稳定发展的趋势。③2005—2014年影响生态渭-库绿洲生态安全的主要因子是水土协调度和造林面积。研究结果将为维持及进一步改善该绿洲生态环境提供科学依据。

关键词: 绿洲, 生态安全, 三角模型, 评价, 渭干河-库车河, 西北干旱区

Abstract: It is an important precondition for the sustainable development of the region to maintain the ecological security of oasis. This paper taked Ugan-Kuqa river oasis as the research site, and constructed the evaluation index system from the structure, function and benefit of oasis ecosystem. The ecological security status and trend of the oasis in 2005-2014 were calculated and analyzed with the triangle model, and the affecting factors were analyzed by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that: (1) The non-structural index (NSI) of the ecosystem was decreasing year by year, it is indicated that the components of the ecosystem structure system became more and more reasonable in the decade from 2005 to 2014;The non-functional index (NFI) of the ecosystem was in a fluctuating trend, this was mainly because the natural population growth rate of the vigor index and the per capita water resources ,the soil-water coordination in stability index had great change; The ecosystem beneficial index (BI) has generally continued to rise from 0.08 in 2005 to 0.69 in 2014,it indicated that the economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits of the oasis ecosystem continue to improve in the 10a area, and were developing towards a healthy and harmonious direction. (2) From 2005 to 2014, the ecological security of the Ugan-Kuqa river oasis experienced two states: insecure and weak security;Ugan-Kuqa river oasis ecological system is not safe in 2005-2010 years, non-functional index (NFI) has been in the high range, non-structural index (NSI) has been in the medium range, beneficial index (BI) has been in the low range, the index value reflects Ugan-Kuqa river oasis ecological system presents poor structural characteristics, weak function and low benefits at this stage; In the 2011-2014 years, Ugan-Kuqa river oasis ecosystem was in a state of weak security. The non- structural index (NSI) of oasis ecosystem was in a relatively low range, showed a decreasing trend year by year. The non-functional index (NFI) was in a relatively high interval, showed an upward trend, and the beneficial index (BI)was in a low range, rising gradually. Based on the analysis of the change of ecological security status in the 2005-2014 years, we can see that the oasis ecosystem's safety level was changing from unsafe to weak safety state and toward a stable weak security trend. (3) Two factors that affect the ecological security of ecological Ugan-Kuqa river oasis in 2005-2014 were soil-water coordination and afforestation area, their correlation degree and weight were relatively large, and indicated that these two factors were the main factors that affect the ecological security of the oasis, and also the important content of the early warning of the oasis ecological security.Therefore, in order to realize the oasis stability and the sustainable development of oasis society and economy, it is necessary to settle the land with water and return farmland to forest and grass according to local conditions. The results will provide scientific basis for maintaining and further improving the ecological environment of the oasis.

Key words: oasis, Ecological security, Triangle model, assessment, Ugan-Kuqa river oasis, Northwest Arid Area

何珍珍，王宏卫，杨胜天，刘香云，王盼，王慧. 塔里木盆地中北部绿洲生态安全评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(4): 963-970.

He Zhen-zhen,Wang Hong-wei,YANG Sheng-tian,Liu Xiang-yun,Wang Pan,Wang Hui . Evaluation on Ecological Security and Analysis of Influence Factors of Oasis in Northwest Arid Region[J]. , 2018, 35(4): 963-970.

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