干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 963-970.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.04.26 cstr: 32277.14.AZR.20180426

• 绿洲生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地中北部绿洲生态安全评价

何珍珍1,2, 王宏卫1,2, 杨胜天1,3, 刘香云1,2, 王盼1,2, 王慧1,2   

  1. 1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 8300462;
    2.绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    3.北京师范大学水科学研究院环境遥感与数字城市北京市重点实验室,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-16 修回日期:2017-12-18 出版日期:2018-07-15 发布日期:2018-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 王宏卫. E-mail: wanghw_777@163.com
  • 作者简介:何珍珍(1991-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为干旱区绿洲人地关系与生态安全. E-mail: hzz_1012@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U1603241);自治区自然科学基金(2016D01C053)

Evaluation on Oasis Ecological Security in the Central-northwest Part of the Tarim Basin

HE Zhen-zhen1,2, WANG Hong-wei1,2, YANG Sheng-tian1,3, LIU Xiang-yun1,2, WANG Pan1,2, WANG Hui1,2   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;
    3. Institute of Water Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2017-10-16 Revised:2017-12-18 Published:2018-07-15 Online:2018-07-19

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摘要： 维护干旱区绿洲生态安全,是实现区域可持续发展的重要前提。以渭干河-库车河绿洲为研究区,从绿洲生态系统结构、功能、效益3方面构建评价指标体系;运用三角模型,对2005—2014年该绿洲生态安全状态和趋势进行测算分析;采用灰色关联分析法对影响该绿洲生态安全的因子进行分析。结果表明:① 生态系统非结构性指数(NSI)总体呈逐年下降趋势;生态系统非功能性指数(NFI),呈现出波动变化趋势;生态系统效益性指数(BI)总体上呈现持续上升趋势。② 在2005—2014年期间,渭干河-库车河绿洲生态安全经历了不安全-弱安全两个状态,并呈现出逐渐向安全且稳定发展的趋势。③ 2005—2014年影响渭干河-库车河绿洲生态安全的主要因子是水土协调度和造林面积。研究结果将为维持及进一步改善该绿洲生态环境提供科学依据。

关键词: 绿洲, 生态安全, 三角模型, 评价, 渭干河-库车河, 干旱区

Abstract: It is an important precondition for regional sustainable development to maintain the ecological security in oasis. In this paper, an evaluation index system was developed from the aspects of structure, functions and benefits of oasis ecosystem in the Ogan-Kuqa river oasis. The status and trend of ecological security in the oasis during the period of 2005-2014 were calculated and analyzed with the triangle model, and the affecting factors were analyzed by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that: ① The non-structural index (NSI) of the ecosystem was decreased year by year, which indicated that the components of the ecosystem structure system became more and more rational during the period from 2005 to 2014; the non-functional index (NFI) of the ecosystem was in a fluctuating trend; the ecosystem beneficial index (BI) was increased from 0.08 in 2005 to 0.69 in 2014, which indicated that the economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits of the oasis ecosystem were continuously improved; ② During the period from 2005 to 2014, the ecological security in the Ogan-Kuqa river oasis experienced the insecure and weak security statuses; the ecosystem in the oasis was not safe during the period of 2005-2010, the NFI, NSI and BI were in the high, medium and low ranges respectively. During the period of 2011-2014, the security of ecosystem in the Ogan-Kuqa river oasis was weak; ③ The two main factors that affected the ecological security in the Ogan-Kuqa river oasis during the period of 2005-2014 were the soil-water coordination and the afforestation area, and their correlation degree and weight were relatively high. Therefore, in order to realize the stability and the sustainable development of the oasis, it is necessary to return grain plots to forests and grasslands according to the local conditions. The results could provide the scientific basis for maintaining and further improving the ecological environment in oasis.

Key words: oasis, ecological security, triangle model, evaluation, Ogan-Kuqa river, arid region of northwest China