干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 628-635.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2016.03.24

• 气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1972—2013年新疆玛纳斯河流域冰川变化

徐春海1,2, 王飞腾1, 李忠勤1,3, 王林1, 王璞玉1   

  1. 1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川站,甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
    3.西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-26 修回日期:2015-05-29 出版日期:2016-05-15 发布日期:2016-05-31
  • 作者简介:徐春海(1989-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事GIS与冰川测绘方面的研究. E-mail: xuchunhai716@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院重点部署项目(KJZD-EW-G03-01);国家重大科学研究计划项目(2013CBA01801);国家自然科学基金(41471058,41171057,41301069);国家重点室自主课题(SKLCS-22-2015-01-11);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青年人才基金项目(Y551C41001)资助

Glacier Variation in the Manas River Basin during the Period from 1972 to 2013

XU Chun-hai1,2, WANG Fei-teng1, LI Zhong-qin1,3, WANG Lin1, WANG Pu-yu1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/Tianshan Glaciological Station,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;
    3. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China
  • Received:2015-01-26 Revised:2015-05-29 Published:2016-05-15 Online:2016-05-31

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摘要： 利用多期遥感资料,分析了新疆玛纳斯河流域1972—2013年的冰川变化,并对其原因进行了分析。结果表明:1972—2013年冰川共退缩了159.02 km2 (变化率为-24.61%),海拔3 800~4 200 m之间退缩最为强烈,冰川末端海拔升高明显(41 a间海拔3 200~3 300 m之间的冰川消失)。冰川变化存在一定的区域差异性,玛纳斯河主源冰川退缩速度最快,左岸次之,右岸退缩速度最慢。从朝向上看,各个朝向的冰川均处于退缩状态,偏东向的冰川退缩面积明显大于其他方向。近40 a,流域冰川总储量减少了59.09~85.94 km3。与中国天山其他地区冰川相比,该流域的冰川退速率较高,气温升高是该区域冰川退缩的主要原因。

关键词: 冰川变化, 遥感监测, 气候背景, 玛纳斯河流域, 新疆

Abstract: The variation of glaciers in the Manas River Basin,Xinjiang,China was studied based on the multi-phase remote sensing images.The results revealed that,during the period of 1972-2013,the total glacier area in the study area was reduced by 159.02 km2,the reduction rate was as high as 24.61%,the most remarkable shrinkage of glaciers occurred in an elevation range of 3 800-4 200 m a.s.l.,the terminal altitude of the glaciers ascended obviously,and the glaciers in an altitude range of 3 200-3 300 m a.s.l.disappeared in recent 41 years.Glacier variation was quite different from different regions,the shrinkage rate of the main-source glaciers in the Mannas River Basin was the highest,than that on the left bank,and that on the right bank was the lowest.Glacier shrinkage occurred at all the slope aspects in the Manas River Basin,especially on the east slope.It was found that the glacier volume in the study area was reduced by 59.09-85.94 km3 in recent 41 years.Shrinkage rate of glaciers in the Manas River Basin was higher than that in other regions of the Tianshan Mountains.Air temperature increase was the main cause resulting in the shrinkage of glaciers in the study area.

Key words: glacier shrinkage, remote sensing monitoring, climate background, the Manas River Basin, Xinjiang