干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 800-807.

• 生物与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土高原土壤生物结皮对植物种子出苗和生长的影响

 王蕊1,2, 朱清科2, 赵磊磊2, 常存2, 马浩3   

    1. 中国水电顾问集团 西北勘测设计研究院，陕西 西安 710065
    2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京 100083
    3. 国家林业局 西北林业调查规划设计院，陕西 西安〓710048
  • 出版日期:2011-09-15 发布日期:2011-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 朱清科.E-mail:xiangmb@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王蕊（1985-），女，陕西商洛人，硕士生，主要研究方向为生物土壤结皮、环境地理、地理信息系统. E-mail:wangrui227@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    林业公益性行业科研专项：黄土丘陵严重侵蚀区植被恢复和重建技术研究（201104002-2）

Effects of Biological Soil Crusts on Seed Emergence and Seedling Growth in Loess Plateau, North Shaanxi Province

 WANG  Rui1,2, ZHU  Qing-Ke2, ZHAO  Lei-Lei2, CHANG  Cun2, MA  Hao3   

    1. Northwest Investigation Design & Research Institute of CHECC,Shaanxi Xi’an 710065,China
    2. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education & Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    3. Northwest Institute of Forest Inventory, Planning and Design, State Forestry Administration, Xi'an 710048, China
  • Online:2011-09-15 Published:2011-10-16

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被引次数

26

摘要： 为了解生物土壤结皮对植物种子萌发出苗和植物生长的影响，于2009年7～8月在陕西省吴起县进行野外调查，对油松（Pinus tabulaeformis）、柠条（Caragana korshinskii）、沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides）和杜梨（Pyrus betulaefolia）种子进行萌发实验，研究生物结皮与植被之间的相互关系以及完整结皮、破碎结皮和覆土处理对这4种种子出苗和生长的影响。结果表明：随着生物结皮盖度和厚度的增加，植被盖度和数量显著减少（P<0.01），植被种类有增加的趋势(P＞0.05)；植物种子类型和结皮类型显著影响种子的出苗率和出苗过程（P<0.01），但两者的交互效应对出苗率影响较小(P＞0.05)，而对出苗过程影响显著（P<0.01）；破碎结皮下的出苗率较完整结皮下的高，与覆土下的种子出苗率无显著差异，是否减慢出苗速率因植物种子类型而异；破碎结皮增加了植物的生物量，覆土条件下的植物根冠比最大，完整结皮是否影响植物的生物量和根冠比因植物种子类型而异。

关键词: 生物土壤结皮, 种子出苗, 植被盖度, 破碎结皮, 吴起县, 黄土高原

Abstract: Biological soil crusts are prevalent in arid and semiarid regions, they are the complex mixtures of cyanobacteria, green algae, phycolichens, mosses, liverworts, fungi and bacteria. In order to understand the effect of biological soil crusts (BSCs) on seed emergence and seedling growth in loess region, we conducted field surveys and studied the impact of intact crusts, broken crusts and soil on seed emergence of 4 plant species including Pinus tabulaeformis, Caragana korshinskii, Hippophae rhamnoides and Pyrus betulifolia based on the field emergence experiment in Wuqi County, Shaanxi Province during the period from July to August 2009. The results reveal that the vegetation coverage was reduced significantly with the increase of BSCs coverage and thickness (P<0.01), and vegetation types were in an increase trend (P＞0.05). Seed emergence rate and emergence process were affected by plant species and crust types (intact crusts, broken crusts and soil) (P<0.01), and the interaction between the two affected slightly the seedling emergence (P＞0.05), but affected significantly the emergence process (P<0.01). The seed emergence rate under broken BSCs was higher than that under intact BSCs, but there was no significant difference with soil. Broken BSCs could increase plant biomass and rootshoot ratio of plants, but intact BSCs affected the plant biomass and rootshoot ratio depending on the types of seed.

Key words: biological soil crust, seed emergence, vegetation coverage, broken BSCs, Wuqi , County, the Loess plateau

中图分类号: 

  • Q948