干旱胁迫对紫穗槐幼苗生理生化特性的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示紫穗槐幼苗在干旱胁迫下的生理生态特性和适应性,以盆栽当年生紫穗槐幼苗为材料,通过人为控制土壤含水量,研究干旱胁迫对其生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧,幼苗的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)逐渐下降,水分饱和亏缺(WSD)、水分利用效率(WUE)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物歧化酶(POD)活性、K含量、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量则显著上升;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量、类胡萝卜素含量随着土壤含水量的降低逐渐增大,而叶绿素a/叶绿素b无显著变化。这些生理指标反映出幼苗对干旱环境的适应性变化,是其抵御逆境的一种积极调节机制。

关键词: 紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa), 干旱胁迫, 土壤含水量, 抗旱性

Abstract: In recent years, precipitation has reduced and groundwater has been seriously pumped. Drought trend has become as a global focus. Relevant research, such as the adaptive mechanism and drought resistance of plants to drought habitats, has become as one of the important issues of plant physiological ecology. Amorpha fruticosa is an easily-bred perennial deciduous legume shrub with its strong adaptability to drought stress. Objective of this study is to research the physiological, ecological and adaptive properties of A. fruticosa seedlings under drought stress so as to provide the theory and reference for its utilization and popularization in arid and semiarid areas. Effect of drought stress on physiological and biochemical properties of A. fruticosa were studied with potted seedlings. The changes of net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), osmotic adjustment, protective enzymes, chlorophyll content, and water status were investigated. Results show that water saturation deficit (WSD), plasma membrane permeability and MDA content of A. fruticosa were increased with the increase of drought stress, while Pn, Tr and Gs were decreased. However, water use efficiency (WUE), SOD activity and contents of K, soluble sugar and free proline (Pro) were increased evidently. Soluble sugar and Pro played an important role in osmotic adjustment. Contents of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), total chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) pigment were also increased with the decrease of soil moisture content. Moreover, the change of Chla/Chlb ratio was not so remarkable with the increase of drought stress intensity. A physiological injury of A. fruticosa occurred under the drought stress. Drought stress on physiological and biochemical properties of A. fruticosa seedlings was different to a certian extent. Generally speaking, the higher the drought stress intensity is, the more distinct the index change will be. Results in this study show that Tr, WUE, contents of Pro, soluble sugar and K as well as SOD and POD activity are the objective reflection of the adaptive mechanism of A. fruticosa seedlings to drought habitats and could be used as the identification indexes of its drought resistance. These results reveal that A. fruticosa seedlings increase their drought resistance by changing their physiological properties and have a certain resistance to drought stress. Adaptation of A. fruticosa seedlings could provide the theory and reference for its utilization and popularization in arid and semiarid areas.

Key words: Amorpha fruticosa, drought stress, soil moisture, drought tolerance

中图分类号:

Q945

颜淑云, 周志宇, 邹丽娜, 秦彧. 干旱胁迫对紫穗槐幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(1): 139-145.

YAN Shu-yun, ZHOU Zhi-yu, ZOU Li-na, QIN Yu. Effect of Drought Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Amorpha fruticosa Seedlings[J]. , 2011, 28(1): 139-145.

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