基于MODIS数据的2001—2016年内蒙古积雪分布及其变化趋势

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2019.01.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 积雪融水是干旱区重要的水资源之一,积雪分布变化的监测对区域雪冰资源的合理利用及灾害防治至关重要。基于内蒙古地区2001—2016年MOD10A2积雪数据对研究区进行分带提取,分析不同海拔高度积雪年内年际变化特征,结合气温和降水气象因素,分析其分布变化原因。研究表明:积雪面积、积雪覆盖率年内分布呈单峰形,10个海拔带的积雪期为9月到次年5月,峰值出现在冬季,积雪覆盖率增减的临界高度在952~1 114 m;不同高程带的积雪面积在春季、夏季、秋季整体上呈现出“增加—减少—增加—减少”的年际变化规律,冬季整体上表现出“减少—增加—减少”的变化规律;积雪面积受降水量和气温相互的影响,其中海拔高度可能起到间接作用。内蒙古地区春季、冬季积雪覆盖率均与冬季降水量呈显著正相关,各季节积雪覆盖率基本与温度呈负相关关系。

关键词: MOD10A2, 气温, 降水, 积雪覆盖率, 积雪面积, 内蒙古

Abstract: Meltwater is one of the most important water sources in arid area. Monitoring of the change of snow cover distribution is crucial for the utilization of regional ice and snow resources and the prevention of ice and snow disasters. In this paper,the collection of snow cover in the different altitude zones in the research area was carried out based on the MOD10A2 snow cover data in Inner Mongolia during the period from 2001 to 2016. The annual and inter-annual changes of snow cover distribution in different altitude zones and the factors affecting such changes in combination with meteorological factors (such as temperature and precipitation) were analyzed. The results revealed that the curves of annual distribution of snow cover area and snow coverage rate were unimodal. The snow cover duration in 10 altitude zones started from September to next May,and the peak value of snow cover depth occurred in winter. The critical elevation of the increase and decrease of snow coverage rate was between 952-1 114 m a. s. l. The inter-annual change of snow cover in different altitude zones was in a pattern of “increase-decrease-increase-decrease” in spring,summer and autumn,but in a pattern of “decrease-increase-decrease” in winter. The snow cover area was affected by the interaction of precipitation and air temperature,and it might be affected indirectly by altitude. In Inner Mongolia,there was a significantly positive correlation between the snow coverage rate in spring and winter and the winter precipitation,but a basically negative one between it and temperature.

Key words: MOD10A2, air temperature, precipitation, snow coverage rate, snow cover area, Inner Mongolia

孙晓瑞, 高永, 丁延龙, 蒙仲举, 贾旭, 杜鹏, 梁钰美. 基于MODIS数据的2001—2016年内蒙古积雪分布及其变化趋势[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(1): 104-112.

SUN Xiao-rui, GAO Yong, DING Yan-long, MENG Zhong-ju, JIA Xu, DU Peng, LIANG Yu-mei. Distribution and Trend of Snow Cover in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2016 Based on MODIS Data[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(1): 104-112.

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