油蒿与沙柳灌木地藓结皮发育差异研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.06.13

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 979-987.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.06.13 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2023.06.13

油蒿与沙柳灌木地藓结皮发育差异研究

莫秋霞¹(),宋炜²,卜崇峰^3,⁴(),王春³,王鹤鸣⁵,李亚红⁶

1.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，陕西杨凌 712100
2.四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司景观与工程分院，四川成都 610041
3.西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌 712100
4.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌 712100
5.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑学院，陕西杨凌 712100
6.眉县县委办公室，陕西宝鸡 722399

收稿日期:2022-11-17 修回日期:2023-02-27 出版日期:2023-06-15 发布日期:2023-06-21
作者简介:莫秋霞（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事生态修复研究. E-mail: moqiuxia2022@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971131);鹏程尚学教育金(S5030022001)

Differences in moss crust development between Artemisia ordosica and Salix pasmmophia shrubs

MO Qiuxia¹(),SONG Wei²,BU Chongfeng^3,⁴(),WANG Chun³,WANG Heming⁵,LI Yahong⁶

1. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
2. Landscape and Engineering Branch of Sichuan Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
4. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
5. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
6. Office of Meixian County Party Committee, Baoji 722399, Shaanxi, China

Received:2022-11-17 Revised:2023-02-27 Published:2023-06-15 Online:2023-06-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对毛乌素沙地油蒿灌木地的藓结皮发育总是明显优于沙柳灌木地的现象，基于两类灌木地的土壤性状、藓结皮发育指标的观测分析，结合两类灌木不同器官浸提液对藓结皮发育的化感试验，揭示造成两类灌木地中藓结皮发育差异巨大的原因。结果显示：（1）两类灌木地藓结皮的盖度存在显著差异(P<0.05)，灌木地藓结皮的总盖度及冠层下、冠层间盖度均表现为：油蒿>沙柳，且油蒿灌木地的藓结皮总盖度及冠层下、冠层间的藓结皮盖度分别为沙柳灌木地相应藓结皮盖度的1.6倍、2.9倍和1.1倍；（2） Pearson相关分析显示，冠层下藓结皮盖度与土壤含水率显著正相关、厚度与粉粒含量显著正相关；冠层间藓结皮盖度与土壤含水率、黏粒含量显著正相关(P<0.05)。油蒿灌木地较高的土壤含水率和黏粒、粉粒含量明显促进了藓结皮的发育；（3）化感试验表明，油蒿、沙柳的根、茎、叶水浸提液均抑制了藓结皮的发育，即化感综合效应(SE)均为负值。其中，0.2 g·mL^-1沙柳叶水浸提液的化感抑制作用最强，SE为-0.95，抑制作用显著高于油蒿叶(SE为-0.65)(P<0.05)。表明油蒿灌木地较高的土壤含水率、黏粒和粉粒含量，以及沙柳叶对藓结皮显著的化感抑制作用，共同导致油蒿灌木地藓结皮的发育状况优于沙柳地。

关键词: 油蒿, 沙柳, 藓结皮, 化感作用, 差异研究, 毛乌素沙地

Abstract:

The soil properties and moss crust development indices in typical Artemisia ordosica and Salix pasmmophia shrub land plots in the sandy area of Mu Us Sandland have previously been analyzed in combination with allelopathic tests of the extracts from the different shrub organs. The results showed that moss crust development in A. ordosica shrub land was better than that in S. pasmmophia shrub land, but the reason is unclear, and elucidating it is the aim of this investigation. A significant difference in the moss crust coverage between the two kinds of shrubs (P < 0.05) was identified. The total moss crust coverage and sub-canopy and inter-canopy crust coverage were as follows: A. ordosica > S. pasmmophia, and the total moss crust coverage and subcanopy and intercanopy crust coverage in the A. ordosica shrub land were 1.6, 2.9, and 1.1 times higher than those in the sand S. pasmmophia shrub land, respectively. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in moss crust thickness between the two kinds of shrubs (P > 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the moss crust coverage in the sub-canopy was significantly positively correlated with the soil water content, moss crust thickness in the sub-canopy was significantly positively correlated with silt content, and inter-canopy moss crust coverage was significantly positively correlated with soil water and clay content (P < 0.05). The higher soil water, clay, and silt contents in the A. ordosica shrub land promoted the development of moss crusts. The aqueous extracts from the roots, stems, and leaves of the A. ordosica and S. pasmmophia inhibited the development of moss crusts; that is, the allelopathic synthesis effect (SE) was negative. Specifically, the allelopathic inhibitory effect of the 0.2 g·mL^-1 aqueous extract of the S. pasmmophia leaves was the strongest, with an SE of -0.95. The inhibitory effect was significantly higher than that of the A. ordosica leaves (SE = -0.65). It can be inferred from the results that the higher soil water, clay, and silt contents in the A. ordosica shrub land and the significant allelopathic inhibition of the S. pasmmophia leaves on the moss crusts led to the improved development of moss crusts in A. ordosica shrub land when compared with S. pasmmophia shrub land.

Key words: Artemisia ordosica, Salix pasmmophia, moss crusts, allelopathy, comparative research, Mu Us Sandland

莫秋霞, 宋炜, 卜崇峰, 王春, 王鹤鸣, 李亚红. 油蒿与沙柳灌木地藓结皮发育差异研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(6): 979-987.

MO Qiuxia, SONG Wei, BU Chongfeng, WANG Chun, WANG Heming, LI Yahong. Differences in moss crust development between Artemisia ordosica and Salix pasmmophia shrubs[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(6): 979-987.

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灌木类型	植被盖度/%	株高/cm
油蒿	35.00±2.08a	59.00±1.86a
沙柳	45.00±3.79a	223.00±6.17a

灌木类型	全氮/(g·kg^-1)	全磷/(g·kg^-1)	有机质/(g·kg^-1)	含水率/%	pH	黏粒/%	粉粒/%	细砂/%	粗砂/%
油蒿	0.03±0.01a	0.15±0.01a	1.33±0.22a	1.62±0.09a	8.59±0.16a	2.21±038a	5.52±0.77a	34.84±1.13a	58.01±1.61a
沙柳	0.04±0.01a	0.20±0.01a	0.81±0.08a	1.38±0.10a	8.70±0.09a	2.54±0.16a	5.09±0.95a	35.45±0.53a	56..36±1.48a

样地类型	结皮厚度/mm	结皮盖度/%
油蒿	11.33±0.41a	88.62±0.74a
沙柳	10.84±0.31a	55.87±1.33b

样地类型		结皮厚度/mm	结皮盖度/%
冠层下	油蒿	12.22±0.41a	85.56±0.52a
冠层下	沙柳	11.11±0.43a	29.52±3.30b
冠层间	油蒿	10.44±0.41a	91.67±1.02a
冠层间	沙柳	10.56±0.85a	82.22±1.11b

土壤理化性状	冠层下		冠层间
土壤理化性状	油蒿	沙柳	油蒿	沙柳
全氮/(g·kg^-1)	0.27±0.03a	0.33±0.03a	0.19±0.02a	0.23±0.03a
全磷/(g·kg^-1)	0.30±0.03a	0.34±0.02a	0.28±0.02a	0.33±0.02a
有机质/(g·kg^-1)	5.67±0.43a	7.13±0.92a	4.05±0.37a	4.79±0.57a
含水率/%	3.80±0.17a	2.70±0.06b	4.70±0.09a	3.10±0.12b
pH	8.54±0.04a	8.43±0.01a	8.72±0.03a	8.61±0.07a
黏粒/%	3.80±0.32a	3.60±0.28a	6.40±0.40a	3.00±0.43b
粉粒/%	10.50±0.87a	9.40±0.62a	13.60±1.42a	8.40±0.85b
细砂/%	66.90±3.52a	69.20±1.30a	54.60±2.63b	66.10±2.14a
粗砂/%	19.00±4.68a	17.70±0.58a	25.40±3.41a	22.40±2.09a

油蒿与沙柳灌木地藓结皮发育差异研究

Differences in moss crust development between Artemisia ordosica and Salix pasmmophia shrubs

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浓度/(g·mL^-1)	灌木类型
浓度/(g·mL^-1)	油蒿			沙柳
0.00	根	茎	叶	根	茎	叶
0.02
0.20