祁连山南坡青海云杉林碳密度随海拔分布特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.04.10

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 615-622.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.04.10 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2023.04.10

祁连山南坡青海云杉林碳密度随海拔分布特征

邱巡巡^1,²(),曹广超^2,³(),张进虎^1,²,张卓⁴,刘梦琳^1,²

1.青海师范大学地理科学学院，青海西宁 810008
2.青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室，青海西宁 810008
3.青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室，青海西宁 810008
4.新疆维吾尔自治区克孜勒苏生态环境监测站，新疆阿图什 845350

收稿日期:2022-07-30 修回日期:2023-01-30 出版日期:2023-04-15 发布日期:2023-04-28
作者简介:邱巡巡（1997-），女，博士研究生，研究方向为地表环境过程与生态响应. E-mail: 1260469240@qq.com
基金资助:
青海省科技厅重大专项“青海省碳排放、碳吸收、碳中和关键技术研究”(2021-SF-A7-1);青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室(2020-ZJ-Y06);祁连山南坡青海云杉地表物层生态水文效应(2020-ZJ-725)

Distribution characteristics of carbon density in the arbor and soil layers of Qinghai spruce forest on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains with altitude

QIU Xunxun^1,²(),CAO Guangchao^2,³(),ZHANG Jinhu^1,²,ZHANG Zhuo⁴,LIU Menglin^1,²

1. College of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
2. Qinghai Key Laboratory of Natural Geography and Environmental Process, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
3. Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
4. Kizilsu Ecological Environment Monitoring Station in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Artush 845350, Xinjiang, China

Received:2022-07-30 Revised:2023-01-30 Published:2023-04-15 Online:2023-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林生物量是研究森林第一性生产力的基础，其碳密度是评价森林生态系统结构功能的重要指标。为探究祁连山南坡阿咪东索小流域内青海云杉典型林分密度随海拔的变化特征，按不同海拔，采用生物量模型计算法，选择海拔2900~3200 m调查分析该区域内青海云杉乔木层和土壤层碳密度沿海拔梯度的变化特征，以期为祁连山青海云杉林碳储量估算提供基础数据。结果表明：研究区总生物量平均值为135.59 t·hm^-2，随着海拔升高，总生物量呈递减的趋势。乔木层碳密度平均值为70.51 t·hm^-2，0~50 cm土层土壤有机碳密度平均值为154.01 t·hm^-2，随海拔升高，乔木层碳密度呈递减的趋势，土壤有机碳密度呈先降低后升高的变化趋势。区内不同海拔青海云杉林生态系统碳密度为224.51 t·hm^-2，其中乔木层和土壤层碳密度分别占总碳密度的30.5%和69.5%，随海拔上升呈下降的变化趋势。森林土壤碳库占比较大，加强对森林土壤的保护是维持森林生态平衡的强有力推进方向。

关键词: 祁连山南坡, 青海云杉林, 生物量, 碳密度

Abstract:

Forest biomass is the basis for studying forest primary productivity, and its carbon density is a crucial indicator for evaluating the structure and function of forest ecosystem. To study changes in the stand density of Qinghai spruce with altitude in Amidongsoe small watershed on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains, a biomass model was used to calculate the carbon density of arbor and soil layers along an altitude gradient of 2900-3200 m at different altitudes. The aim of this study was to gather basic data for estimating carbon storage in spruce forests in the Qilian Mountains and Qinghai Province. The results demonstrated that the average value of total biomass in the study area was 135.59 t·hm^-2 and the total biomass decreased as the altitude increased. The average carbon density of tree layer was 70.51 t·hm^-2, and the average organic carbon density of the 0-50 cm soil layer was 154.01 t·hm^-2. As the altitude increased, the carbon density of the tree layer exhibited a decreasing trend, and the soil organic carbon density of the tree layer initially decreased and then increased. At different elevations, the carbon density of spruce forest ecosystem was 224.51 t·hm^-2, with the carbon density of the tree and soil layers accounting for 30.5% and 69.5% of the total carbon density, respectively. The layers showed a decreasing trend as the altitude increased. Protecting forest soil is crucial for maintaining ecological balance, as the forest soil carbon pool represents a considerable proportion of the total carbon density.

Key words: southern slope of Qilian Mountains, Qinghai spruce forest, biomass, carbon density

邱巡巡, 曹广超, 张进虎, 张卓, 刘梦琳. 祁连山南坡青海云杉林碳密度随海拔分布特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(4): 615-622.

QIU Xunxun, CAO Guangchao, ZHANG Jinhu, ZHANG Zhuo, LIU Menglin. Distribution characteristics of carbon density in the arbor and soil layers of Qinghai spruce forest on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains with altitude[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(4): 615-622.

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林分类型	海拔 /m	样地数量 /个	郁闭度	平均胸径 /cm	平均株高 /m	样地株数 /株	样品数量 /个
青海云杉 Picea crassifolia	2900	3	0.6	35.45	12.45	14	15
	3000	3	0.7	23.7	11.2	24	15
	3100	3	0.7	27.55	11.45	11	15
	3200	3	0.5	20.45	10.62	9	15

器官	相对生长方程	R²	器官	相对生长方程	R²
干	W_S=0.957×D^1.591	0.876	根	W_R=0.220×D^1.858	0.967
叶	W_L=0.001×D^3.067	0.722	总量	W_T=0.959×D^1.803	0.953
枝	W_B=0.012×D^2.448	0.815

海拔/m	生物量/kg				总生物量 /(t·hm^-2)	乔木层碳密度 /(t·hm^-2)
海拔/m	干	叶	枝	根	总生物量 /(t·hm^-2)	乔木层碳密度 /(t·hm^-2)
2900	279.62±14.42A	56.77±5.63A	74.72±5.92A	166.71±10.03A	208.14±2.71A	108.23±1.41A
3000	147.46±11.86AB	16.59±2.56B	27.96±3.45B	78.99±7.41AB	177.5±15.76AB	92.3±10.27AB
3100	191.53±22.12AB	30.24±8.21AB	43.78±12.11AB	108.42±13.21AB	104.11±12.06BC	54.14±6.69BC
3200	116.48±1.36B	10.47±0.24B	19.4±0.35B	59.94±0.82B	52.6±3.46C	27.35±1.8C
平均值	183.76±26.62	28.52±7.65	41.47±9.09	103.52±17.47	135.59±24.15	70.51±12.56

海拔/m	不同土层/cm					合计/(t·hm^-2)
海拔/m	0~10	10~20	20~30	30~40	40~50	合计/(t·hm^-2)
2900	34.55±3.85Aa	27.8±5.44Ba	35.37±5.63Aa	27.02±6.43Aa	19.71±1.08Aa	144.49±3.07A
3000	33.82±5.2Aa	27.82±1.65Ba	22.54±0.69Aa	25.86±3.27Aa	24.28±0.59Aa	134.33±2.42A
3100	47.55±2.94Aab	53.51±1.12Aa	42.84±2.64Ab	16.46±1.11Ac	9±4.42Ac	169.36±5.98A
3200	32.18±0.18Aa	44.39±9.91ABa	27.12±1.04Aa	36.88±1.13Aa	27.27±5.96Aa	167.84±3.17A
平均值	37.03±3.27	38.38±4.7	31.97±3.76	26.55±3.49	20.07±3.57	154.01±9.57

	海拔	平均胸径	郁闭度	乔木层碳密度	土壤有机碳密度	土壤有机碳含量
海拔	1
平均胸径	-0.878^**	1
郁闭度	-0.765^*	0.518	1
乔木层碳密度	-0.976^**	0.905^**	0.735^*	1
土壤有机碳密度	0.39	-0.214	-0.361	-0.429	1
土壤有机碳含量	-0.342	0.119	0.602	0.381	0.024^**	1

祁连山南坡青海云杉林碳密度随海拔分布特征

Distribution characteristics of carbon density in the arbor and soil layers of Qinghai spruce forest on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains with altitude

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