干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1309-1322.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.08.05

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

中中新世气候适宜期全球变暖背景下亚洲内陆干旱区古气候演化特征及驱动机制

吕壮壮1,2,3(), 乔庆庆1,3(), 董孙艺1,2,3, 汪冬1,2,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆矿产资源研究中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.新疆矿产资源与数字地质重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-12 修回日期:2024-04-26 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 乔庆庆. E-mail: qiaoqq@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:吕壮壮(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区环境磁学方面研究. E-mail: lvzhuangzhuang21@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(42122028);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41774077);中国科学院西部之光人才培养引进计划西部青年学者(2022-XBQNXZ-005)

Paleoclimatic evolution and driving mechanisms in arid areas of inland Asia during the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum in the context of global climate warming

LYU Zhuangzhuang1,2,3(), QIAO Qingqing1,3(), DONG Sunyi1,2,3, WANG Dong1,2,3   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology And Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Digital Geology, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2023-12-12 Revised:2024-04-26 Published:2024-08-15 Online:2024-08-22

摘要:

中中新世气候适宜期是新生代全球降温趋势下一次强烈的全球升温事件,其气候状态被认为是未来全球变暖最可能达到的状态。亚洲内陆干旱区是全球典型的中纬度干旱区,其干旱化过程对人类生存环境影响最为深刻、最为直接。在全球变暖背景下,叠加人类活动的影响,干旱区变得更加脆弱,其扩张或变迁都会直接影响人类的生存和可持续发展。探讨亚洲内陆干旱区在中中新世全球气候变暖背景下的气候演化历史,对未来气候变暖模式下干旱区的气候变化预估提供重要参考。本文梳理了亚洲内陆干旱区典型盆地现有中中新世期间古气候演化研究结果,通过环境磁学参数、孢粉、同位素等多种气候代用指标的综合分析,发现在中中新世期间,多数地区呈现湿润化,但开始的时间有所差异,同时,少量地区呈现持续干旱化的现象。另一方面,对中中新世适宜期形成的主控因素依然存在较大争议,有的学者认为哥伦比亚玄武岩喷发是主要因素,有的学者认为构造活动是主要因素。要解决上述争议,需要获取更多具有精确年代控制的高分辨率记录,以确定中中新世升温事件的起始响应时间。通过正确解译气候代用指标,特别是对古气候变化响应最为直接和敏感的孢粉,以及环境磁学参数和地球化学比值等蕴含的古环境信息,厘清各种因素对气候变化造成的影响,揭示亚洲内陆干旱区中中新世气候适宜期气候演化的驱动机制。

关键词: 中中新世气候适宜期, 全球气候变化, 气候代用指标, 驱动机制, 环境磁学, 亚洲内陆干旱区

Abstract:

The Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum, a notable global warming event that occurred during cooling in the Cenozoic period, is being considered as a potential analog for future climate conditions. Arid areas of inland Asia are representative of mid-latitude arid zones throughout the globe, and their desertification exerts the strongest and most direct impacts on human habitation environments. Against the backdrop of global warming, which is compounded by human activities, these arid zones become increasingly fragile, with their expansion or alteration directly impacting human survival and sustainable development. The exploration of the climatic evolutionary history of the arid areas of inland Asia during the Middle Miocene under a global warming scenario can provide crucial insights for the projection of climate changes in arid regions under future warming patterns. This study reviewed the existing research on the paleoclimatic evolution during the Middle Miocene in typical basins of arid areas of inland Asia. Through a comprehensive analysis of various climatic proxies, including environmental magnetic parameters, pollen, and isotopes, the findings indicate the prevailing trend is toward increased humidity in most regions during this period, although there were variations in the timing of humidification and some areas remained arid. However, significant controversy remains regarding the primary regulator of the formation of the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum: some scholars argue that eruptions of Columbia basalt are the primary factor; others propose that tectonic activity is the main driver. To address the aforementioned controversies, obtaining higher-resolution records with precise age control is essential to determine the onset response time of the Mid-Miocene warming event. Through the accurate interpretation of climatic proxies, especially pollen, which directly and sensitively responds to paleoclimatic changes, as well as environmental magnetic parameters and geochemical ratios encapsulating paleoenvironmental information, the various factors influencing climate change can be clarified to reveal the driving mechanisms behind the climatic evolution during the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum in arid areas of inland Asia.

Key words: the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum, global climate change, climate proxy indicators, driving mechanisms, study of environmental magnetism, arid areas of inland Asia