梭梭和头状沙拐枣形态及生理生化特性对干旱胁迫的响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.07.09

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 1177-1184.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.07.09 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2024.07.09

梭梭和头状沙拐枣形态及生理生化特性对干旱胁迫的响应

张斌¹^,²(), 李从娟¹(), 易光平³, 刘冉⁴

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，国家荒漠—绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.新疆维吾尔自治区阿勒泰地区蝗虫鼠害预测预报防治中心站，新疆阿勒泰 836500
4.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2023-12-09 修回日期:2024-04-18 出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2024-08-01
通讯作者: 李从娟. E-mail: licj@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:张斌（2000-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事植物生理生态学研究. E-mail: zhangbin22@mails.ucas.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院西部青年学者(2021-XBQNXZ-002);自治区“天山英才”(2022TSYCCX0004);自治区“天山英才”(2022TSYCCX0002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971731)

Physiological, biochemical and morphological responses of Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum caput-medusae to drought stress

ZHANG Bin¹^,²(), LI Congjuan¹(), Yi Guangping³, LIU Ran⁴

1. National Technical Research Centre for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Altay Regional Forecasting and Control Center for Locusts and Rodents, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Altay 836500, Xinjiang, China
4. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

Received:2023-12-09 Revised:2024-04-18 Published:2024-07-15 Online:2024-08-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前，干旱和沙漠化等生态问题对植物的生存和适应提出新挑战。因此，探索植物的干旱适应策略对沙漠人工生态系统的维护和可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究采用灌溉（CK）和干旱（D）两个处理，研究塔克拉玛干沙漠防护林梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）和头状沙拐枣（Calligonum caput-medusae）生理生化和形态的适应情况。结果表明：形态上，两种植物的同化枝在干旱胁迫下均显著变短变细；生理上，两种植物在干旱胁迫下光合参数和羧化过程无显著变化，同化枝黎明水势显著降低，头状沙拐枣同化枝正午水势显著降低；生化上，两种植物的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、光合酶含量在干旱胁迫下无显著变化。两种植物的初始荧光、最大荧光显著降低，梭梭的PSⅡ最大光化学效率显著升高。以上研究表明，两种植物以减缓同化枝生长和维持碳同化的方式抵御干旱。两种植物在干旱胁迫下光合色素活性降低，激发能力下降。头状沙拐枣稳定的叶绿素含量，使光化学系统免受损伤。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 光合荧光特性, 形态学特征, 非等水行为

Abstract:

Desertification and drought have emerged as global ecological issues, which pose significant difficulties for plant adaptability and survival. Consequently, it is crucial to investigate the adaptation mechanisms of plants to drought stress to preserve and grow sustainably artificial ecosystems in desert regions. This study examined the physiological, biochemical, and morphological responses of Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum caput-medusae in the Taklimakan Desert shelterbelt by employing two treatments: irrigation (20-day irrigation cycle) (CK) and drought (D). The findings demonstrated that under drought stress, the assimilatory branches of both plants were noticeably shorter in terms of morphological traits. The branches of both were also significantly thinner. Regarding physiological reactions, there were no notable distinctions between the two in terms of the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and the leaf dry mass during drought stress. Additionally, the carboxylation processes, metabolic reaction rates, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and photosynthetic enzyme contents of both did not exhibit any appreciable alterations under drought stress. However, both showed substantially reduced Fm and Fo values. The Fv/Fm values of H. ammodendron were noticeably greater, but those of C. caput-medusae did not change much. According to our study, H. ammodendron and C. caput-medusae were able to adapt to drought by reducing the assimilate-branch growth, excitation capacity, and photosynthetic pigment activity, thereby preserving photosynthetic capacity. The photochemical system of C. caput-medusae was less vulnerable to damage due to a stable chlorophyll concentration.

Key words: drought stress, photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, morphological features, non-isohydric behavior

张斌, 李从娟, 易光平, 刘冉. 梭梭和头状沙拐枣形态及生理生化特性对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(7): 1177-1184.

ZHANG Bin, LI Congjuan, Yi Guangping, LIU Ran. Physiological, biochemical and morphological responses of Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum caput-medusae to drought stress[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(7): 1177-1184.

图/表 7

表1

图1

图2

表2

图3

表3

图4

参考文献 45

[1]	Li Y, Wang Y H, Song J M. Trends in extreme climatic indices across the temperate steppes of China from 1961 to 2013[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 12(3): 485-497. doi: 10.1093/jpe/rty041
[2]	Zhu Z H, Sami A, Chen Z P, et al. Effects of microscopic testa color and morphologyon the water uptake ability and drought tolerance of germination-stage rapeseed (Brassica napus L. )[J]. Bioengineered, 2021, 12(2): 9341-9355.
[3]	Yang X, Lu M, Wang Y, et al. Response mechanism of plants to drought stress[J]. Horticulturae, 2021, 7(3): 50.
[4]	Chen Y H, Wei G W, Cui Y, et al. Nutrient inputs alleviate negative effects of early and subsequent flooding on growth of Polygonum hydropiper with the aid of adventitious roots[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 919409.
[5]	魏圆慧, 梁文召, 韩路, 等. 胡杨叶功能性状特征及其对地下水埋深的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(13): 5368-5376.
	[Wei Yuanhui, Liang Wenzhao, Han Lu, et al. Leaf functional traits of Populus euphratica and its response to groundwater depths in Tarim extremely arid area[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021, 41(13): 5368-5376.]
[6]	徐梦琦, 高艳菊, 张志浩, 等. 干旱胁迫对疏叶骆驼刺幼苗生长和生理的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(2): 257-267.
	[Xu Mengqi, Gao Yanju, Zhang Zhihao, et al. Effects of drought stress on growth and physiology of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(2): 257-267.]
[7]	Maia Junior S d O, de Andrade J R, dos Santos C M, et al. Leaf thickness and gas exchange are indicators of drought stress tolerance of sugarcane[J]. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2019, 31(1): 29-38.
[8]	周洁, 杨晓东, 王雅芸, 等. 梭梭和骆驼刺对干旱的适应策略差异[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(9): 1064-1076. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0338
	[Zhou Jie, Yang Xiaodong, Wang Yayun, et al. Difference in adaptation strategy between Haloxylon ammodendron and Alhagi sparsifolia to drought[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(9): 1064-1076.]
[9]	Flexas J, Bota J, Loreto F, et al. Diffusive and metabolic limitations to photosynthesis under drought and salinity in C₃plants[J]. Plant Biology, 2008, 6(3): 269-279.
[10]	Guo C, Liu L, Sun H, et al. Predicting Fv/Fm and evaluating cotton drought tolerance using hyperspectral and 1D-CNN[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 1007150.
[11]	何远政, 黄文达, 王怀海, 等. 沙质草地3种优势植物叶片光合生理对增温和降水减少的响应[J]. 西北植物学报, 2022, 42(4): 684-693.
	[He Yuanzheng, Huang Wenda, Wang Huaihai, et al. Leaf photosynthetic responses to warming and precipitation reduction of three dominant species in horqin sandy land[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2022, 42(4): 684-693.]
[12]	Xu H, Li Y. Water-use strategy of three central Asian desert shrubs and their responses to rain pulse events[J]. Plant and Soil, 2006, 285(1-2): 5-17.
[13]	Li C, Lei J, Zhao Y, et al. Effect of saline water irrigation on soil development and plant growth in the Taklimakan desert highway shelterbelt[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2015, 146: 99-107.
[14]	李民青, 周乐, 王喜勇, 等. 7种荒漠木本植物枝干与叶片光合特征及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(10): 2637-2643. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202310.007
	[Li Minqing, Zhou Le, Wang Xiyong, et al. Stem and leaf photosynthesis of seven desert woody species and its influencing factors[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2023, 34(10): 2637-2643.]
[15]	Li C, Han H, Ablimiti M, et al. Morphological and physiological responses of desert plants to drought stress in a man-made landscape of the Taklimakan desert shelterbelt[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2022, 140: 109037.
[16]	Lü X P, Gao H J, Zhang L, et al. Dynamic responses of Haloxylon ammodendron to various degrees of simulated drought stress[J]. 2019, 139: 121-131.
[17]	Hu D, Lv G, Qie Y, et al. Response of morphological characters and photosynthetic characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron to water and salt stress[J]. 2021, 13(1): 388.
[18]	Reigosa M J, Li C, Shi X, et al. Moderate irrigation intervals facilitate establishment of two desert shrubs in the Taklimakan desert highway shelterbelt in China[J]. Plos One, 2017, 12(7): e0180875.
[19]	闫海龙, 张希明, 许浩, 等. 塔里木沙漠公路防护林3种植物光合特性对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(10): 2519-2528.
	[Yan Hailong, Zhang Ximing, Xu Hao, et al. Photosynthetic characteristics responses of three plants to drought stress in Tarim desert highway shelterbelt[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(10): 2519-2528.]
[20]	Liu S, Xu G, Mi X, et al. Effects of groundwater depth and seasonal drought on the physiology and growth of Haloxylon ammodendron at the southern edge of Gurbantonggut Desert[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022, 42(21): 8881-8891.
[21]	丁新原, 周智彬, 徐新文, 等. 咸水滴灌下塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工绿地土壤水分三维时空动态[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(9): 2600-2608.
	[Ding Xinyuan, Zhou Zhibin, Xu Xinwen, et al. Three-dimension temporal and spatial dynamics of soil water for the artificial vegetation in the center of Taklimakan Desert under saline water drip-irrigation[J]. The Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(9): 2600-2608.]
[22]	Atkin O, Millar A, Gardeström P, et al. Photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and respiration in leaves of higher plants[J]. Photosynthesis: Physiology and metabolism, 2000, (9): 153-175.
[23]	Atkin O K, Evans J R, Siebke K. Relationship between the inhibition of leaf respiration by light and enhancement of leaf dark respiration following light treatment[J]. Functional Plant Biology, 1998, 25(4): 437-443.
[24]	Barbour M M, McDowell N G, Tcherkez G, et al. A new measurement technique reveals rapid post-illumination changes in the carbon isotope composition of leaf-respired CO₂[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2007, 30(4): 469-482.
[25]	高俊凤. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006: 77-74.
	[Gao Junfeng. Laboratory Instruction of Plant Physiology[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006: 74-77.]
[26]	叶子飘, 于强. 光合作用对胞间和大气CO₂响应曲线的比较[J]. 生态学杂志, 2009, 28(11): 2233-2238.
	[Ye Zipiao, Yu Qiang. A comparison of response curves of winter wheat photosynthesis to flag leaf intercellular and air CO₂ concentrations[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2009, 28(11): 2233-2238.]
[27]	Blanke M M, Ebert G. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carboneconomy of apple seedlings[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1992, 43(7): 965-968.
[28]	Ackerly D D, Reich P B. Convergence and correlations among leaf size and function in seed plants: A comparative test using independent contrasts[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1999, 86(9): 1272-1281. pmid: 10487815
[29]	李炎, 王丹. 不同土壤水分测定方法的比较研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010, 38(17): 9110-9112.
	[Li Yan, Wang Dan. Comparative study of different soil moisture determination methods[J]. Anhui Agricultural Science, 2010, 38(17): 9110-9112.]
[30]	Tian H, Zhou Q, Liu W, et al. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics of oat flag leaf and spike to drought stress[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 917528.
[31]	Popova A V, Mihailova G, Geneva M, et al. Different responses to water deficit of two common winter wheat varieties: Physiological and biochemical characteristics[J]. Plants, 2023, 12(12): 2239.
[32]	Wang F, Guo S, Zhang W, et al. Anatomic structure characteristics of assimilating shoots of Haloxylon ammodendronin different ages and their response to soil conditions[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2021, 41(3): 473-479.
[33]	陈春晓, 谢秀华, 王宇鹏, 等. 盐分和干旱对沙枣幼苗生理特性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(12): 4540-4550.
	[Chen Chunxiao, Xie Xiuhua, Wang Yupeng, et al. Effects of salt and drought on the physiological characteristics of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. seedlings[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(12): 4540-4550.]
[34]	闫海龙, 张希明, 许浩, 等. 塔里木沙漠公路防护林植物沙拐枣气体交换特性对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(3): 460-465.
	[Yan Hailong, Zhang Ximing, Xu Hao, et al. Responses of Calligonum arborescens photosynthesis to water stress in Tarim highway shelterbelt[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2007, 27(3): 460-465.]
[35]	Bhattacharya A. Soil Water Deficit and Physiological Issues in Plants[M]. Singapore: Springer, 2021: 393-488.
[36]	Ethier G, Livingston N, Harrison D, et al. Low stomatal and internal conductance to CO₂ versus Rubisco deactivation as determinants of the photosynthetic decline of ageing evergreen leaves[J]. 2006, 29(12): 2168-2184.
[37]	Rowland L, Lobo-do-Vale R L, Christoffersen B O, et al. After more than a decade of soil moisture deficit, tropical rainforest trees maintain photosynthetic capacity, despite increased leaf respiration[J]. Global Change Biology, 2015, 21(12): 4662-4672. doi: 10.1111/gcb.13035 pmid: 26179437
[38]	Grassi G, Magnani F. Stomatal, mesophyll conductance and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis as affected by drought and leaf ontogeny in ash and oak trees[J]. Plant Cell and Environment, 2005, 28(7): 834-849.
[39]	庞进平, 王永生. 油菜幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光参数对干旱胁迫的响应及其抗旱性分析[J]. 西北植物学报, 2023, 43(2): 276-284.
	[Pang Jinping, Wang Yongsheng. Photosynthetic and ChlorophyII fluorescence responses of Rape seedlings to drought dtress and its drought resistance evaluation[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2023, 43(2): 276-284.]
[40]	丁效东, 张士荣, 刘阳超, 等. 真盐生植物梭梭和囊果碱蓬幼苗耐干旱能力的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(11): 240-246. doi: 10.11686/cyxb2014542
	[Ding Xiaodong, Zhang Shirong, Liu Yangchao, et al. Effect of study of resistance to dehydration in Haloxylon ammodendron and Suaeda physophora seedlings[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(11): 240-246.] doi: 10.11686/cyxb2014542
[41]	Ghobadi M, Taherabadi S, Ghobadi M E, et al. Antioxidant capacity, photosynthetic characteristics and water relations of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. ) cultivars in response to drought stress[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2013, 50: 29-38.
[42]	朱成刚, 陈亚宁, 李卫红, 等. 干旱胁迫对胡杨PSII光化学效率和激能耗散的影响[J]. 植物学报, 2011, 46(4): 413-424. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1259.2011.00413
	[Zhu Chenggang, Chen Yaning, Li Weihong, et al. Effect of drought stress on photochemical efficiency and dissipation of excited energy in photosystemII of Populus euphratica[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2011, 46(4): 413-424.]
[43]	Xu C, Leskovar D I. Effects of A. nodosum seaweed extracts on spinach growth, physiology and nutrition value under drought stress[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2015, 183: 39-47.
[44]	Elsalahy H, Reckling M. Soybean resilience to drought is supported by partial recovery of photosynthetic traits[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 971893.
[45]	Parkash V, Singh S. A review on potential plant-based water stress indicators for vegetable crops[J]. Sustainability, 2020, 12(10): 3945.

物种	干旱处理	土壤含水量（SWC）/%	同化枝直径（LD）/mm	同化枝长度（LL）/cm	同化枝相对含水量（RWC）/%	同化枝干物质量（LDMC）/%
梭梭 H. ammodendron	D	0.04（0.01）^*	0.72（0.03）^*	1.57（0.12）^**	74（6.40）	35（4.00）
梭梭 H. ammodendron	CK	0.71（0.41）	0.81（0.03）	2.84（0.15）	82（1.30）	54（1.00）
头状沙拐枣 C. caput-medusae	D	0.08（0.02）^*	1.01（0.03）^**	5.11（0.48）^**	69（2.00）^*	39（1.60）^*
头状沙拐枣 C. caput-medusae	CK	0.63（0.12）	1.39（0.03）	10.01（0.37）	78（0.60）	32（2.00）

物种	干旱处理	光合能力（Pn_max） /（μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1）	初始羧化效率（CE） /（mol·m^-2·s^-1）	CO₂补偿点（CCP） /（μmol·m^-1）	CO₂饱和点（CSP） /（μmol·m^-1）	光呼吸速率（Rp） /（μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1）
H. ammodendron	D	14.53（2.85）	0.11（0.05）	59.33（14.79）	566.33（106.67）	4.89（1.39）
H. ammodendron	CK	25.83（7.78）	0.20（0.08）	31.18（23.99）	554.71（113.33）	2.45（1.16）
C. caput-medusae	D	23.05（7.23）	0.45（0.19）	44.43（25.45）	1038.61（435.63）	13.39（9.00）
C. caput-medusae	CK	18.17（4.11）	0.17（0.01）	34.85（8.00）	1236.23（427.50）	4.66（0.77）

物种	干旱处理	光合酶（Rubisco）/（nmol·g^-1·min^-1）	叶绿素a （Chla）/（mg·g^-1）	叶绿素b （Chlb）/（mg·g^-1）	总叶绿素（Chl）/（mg·g^-1）
H. ammodendron	D	5.40（0.86）	0.10（0.03）	0.02（0.00）	0.11（0.03）
H. ammodendron	CK	7.11（0.76）	0.15（0.02）	0.01（0.00）	0.17（0.03）
C. caput-medusae	D	269.00（42.43）	0.24（0.02）	0.05（0.01）	0.29（0.21）
C. caput-medusae	CK	166.28（25.87）	0.26（0.03）	0.06（0.01）	0.32（0.04）

梭梭和头状沙拐枣形态及生理生化特性对干旱胁迫的响应

Physiological, biochemical and morphological responses of Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum caput-medusae to drought stress

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 45

相关文章 13

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	颜巧芳, 单立山, 解婷婷, 王红永, 师亚婷. 珍珠柴幼苗叶片和根系形态特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(1): 92-103.
[2]	白炬, 刘晓林, 李申, 梁哲铭, 胥子航, 王永亮, 杨治平. 污泥热碱液对干旱胁迫下小青菜生长的缓解机制[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(1): 80-91.
[3]	徐梦琦, 高艳菊, 张志浩, 黄彩变, 曾凡江. 干旱胁迫对疏叶骆驼刺幼苗生长和生理的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(2): 257-267.
[4]	田小霞,卫晓锋,魏浩,许明爽,毛培春. 6种牧草苗期耐旱性综合评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(3): 978-985.
[5]	李嘉珞,郭米山,高广磊,阿拉萨,杜凤梅,殷小琳,丁国栋. 沙地樟子松菌根化幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(6): 1704-1712.
[6]	杨彪生,单立山,马静,解婷婷,杨洁,韦昌林. 红砂幼苗生长及根系形态特征对干旱-复水的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(2): 469-478.
[7]	桑钰,高文礼,再努尔·吐尔逊,范雪,马晓东. 干旱胁迫下AMF对多枝柽柳幼苗和疏叶骆驼刺根系生长和氮素吸收分配的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(1): 247-256.
[8]	夏振华，陈亚宁，朱成刚，周莹莹，陈晓林. 干旱胁迫环境下的胡杨叶片气孔变化[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(5): 1111-1117.
[9]	童小芹, 王淑智, 夏咏, 张晔, 刘越芳, 潘响亮. 应用叶绿素荧光技术快速预警乌鲁木齐典型农作物干旱胁迫[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(5): 860-866.
[10]	周江, 裴宗平, 胡佳佳, 贾含帅, 朱琳. 干旱胁迫下3种岩石边坡生态修复植物的抗旱性[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012, 29(3): 440-444.
[11]	周静, 张仁陟. 不同耕作措施下春小麦应对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 27(1): 39-43.
[12]	颜淑云, 周志宇, 邹丽娜, 秦彧. 干旱胁迫对紫穗槐幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(1): 139-145.
[13]	海利力·库尔班, 王蕾, 阿卜杜许库尔·牙合甫, 萨拉木·艾尼瓦尔. 持续干旱下天山野生杏幼苗渗透调节物质的累积特性[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(1): 126-132.