塔什库尔干河流域河谷大气降水同位素特征与水汽输送路径

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.03.05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用塔什库尔干河流域河谷2018年9月—2020年5月的降水事件的大气降水同位素数据，以及流域河谷代表性气象站点温度、降水、相对湿度等气象资料，分析降水中δ¹⁸O、δ²H和氘盈余（d-excess）变化特征，探讨影响因素，并基于拉格朗日后向轨迹模型（HYSPLIT）追踪解析流域河谷大气降水的水汽输送路径。结果表明：（1）降水δ²H、δ¹⁸O值总体上呈现夏季富集、冬季贫化的季节变化特征，且具有显著的温度效应（1.33‰·℃^-1），但未见显著雨量效应；（2）局地大气降水线方程为δ²H=7.63δ¹⁸O-3.55，呈现出显著的干旱气候特征；（3） HYSPLIT模拟结果表明研究流域降水水汽主要受西风环流和局地水汽再循环影响，其中夏半年局地水汽蒸发占比54.09%，冬半年西方路径中较长距离输送占比45.53%。8月源自印度洋的水汽可绕过青藏高原到达研究区域。成果可为塔什库尔干河流域水资源管理和气候应对提供参考依据。

关键词: 氢氧稳定同位素, 大气降水, 水汽来源, 塔什库尔干河谷

Abstract:

By using stable isotope data of atmospheric precipitation from September 2018 to May 2020 in the Taxkorgan River Basin Valley and meteorological data such as temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity from representative weather stations within the valley, this study analyzed the variation in δ¹⁸O, δ²H, and deuterium excess (d-excess) of precipitation. The influencing factors were explored, and the water vapor transport pathways of atmospheric precipitation in the valley were traced and analyzed using the hybrid single- particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model (HYSPLIT). Results show that the δ²H and δ¹⁸O values of precipitation generally present a seasonal pattern of enrichment in summer and depletion in winter, showing a significant temperature effect (1.33‰·℃^-1), but no significant precipitation effect was observed. The local meteoric water line is δ²H=7.63δ¹⁸O-3.55, which shows distinct arid climate characteristics. The HYSPLIT simulation results indicate that the water vapor of precipitation in the study basin is mainly influenced by the westerly circulation and local water vapor recycling, with local water vapor evaporation accounting for 54.09% in the summer half-year and the long-distance transport of the western route accounting for 45.53% in the winter half-year. Water vapor from the Indian Ocean in August can bypass the Tibetan Plateau and reach the study area. These findings can provide a reference basis for water resource management and climate response in the Taxkorgan River Basin Valley.

Key words: hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes, atmospheric precipitation, water vapor sources, Taxkorgan River Basin Valley

李晗薇, 姚俊强, 容韬, 张天洋, 高雅洁. 塔什库尔干河流域河谷大气降水同位素特征与水汽输送路径[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(3): 399-410.

LI Hanwei, YAO Junqiang, RONG Tao, ZHANG Tianyang, GAO Yajie. Characteristics of atmospheric precipitation isotope and path analysis of water vapor transport in the Taxkorgan River Basin Valley[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(3): 399-410.

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时间（样品数/个）	同位素类型	最小值/‰	最大值/‰	加权均值/‰	算数均值/‰	标准偏差
夏半年（34）	δ²H	-231.45	-0.19	-80.01	-70.93	66.78
	δ¹⁸O	-28.80	0.80	-10.36	-8.87	8.97
	d-excess	-26.98	18.03	2.90	0.04	10.85
冬半年（14）	δ²H	-255.71	-8.28	-155.57	-144.64	80.19
	δ¹⁸O	-33.44	-3.23	-20.34	-18.99	10.05
	d-excess	-20.30	26.50	7.11	7.24	13.46
全年（48）	δ²H	-255.71	-0.19	-109.07	-92.43	78.47
	δ¹⁸O	-33.44	0.80	-14.20	-11.82	10.37
	d-excess	-26.98	26.50	4.52	2.14	12.12

参数	气温/℃	相对湿度/%	降水量/mm	δ²H/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰
相对湿度/%	-0.70（0.00）
降水量/mm	-0.12（0.00）	0.18（0.00）
δ²H/‰	0.79 （0.00）	-0.37（0.00）	-0.21（0.00）
δ¹⁸O/‰	0.79 （0.00）	-0.38（0.00）	-0.23（0.00）	0.24（0.00）
d-excess/‰	-0.27 （0.22）	0.16（0.00）	0.20（0.89）	-0.31（0.00）	-0.44（0.00）