干旱区河床参数计算

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.05.06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干旱区地下水主要补给来源为河水入渗,评价干旱区地下水资源量需要准确计算河床的参数,包括垂向河床渗透系数(K)和垂向河水入渗速率(V)。本文描述了一种简化后的渗水仪和干旱区河床垂向渗透系数的计算公式,将该方法应用于新疆南部昆仑山北麓,测定了干旱区河流的河床参数。结果表明:此方法能够有效地测定干旱区河床垂向渗透系数,18个试验点的垂向河床渗透系数在0.864～14.832 m·d^-1。根据试验结果总结了干旱区河水垂向入渗速率与河水深度的关系,提出了一个用于描述干旱区河流河水入渗速率与河水深度关系的经验方程,表明河水垂向入渗速率(V)与河水深度(M)正相关,河水入渗速率的增长率dVdM与河水深度负相关,当河水深度很大时,河水入渗速率的增长率趋于0。

关键词: 河床参数, 垂向入渗速率, 垂向渗透系数, 干旱区, 新疆

Abstract: The main source of groundwater recharge in arid area is river water seepage.An accurate calculation of streambed parameters is required in evaluating groundwater resources in arid region, and the streambed parameters include the vertical streambed hydraulic conductivity K and vertical river water seepage rate V.In this paper, a simplified seepage meter was described, and the equation was deduced for calculating the vertical streambed hydraulic conductivity in arid area.On which the streambed parameters in the northern piedmont of the Kunlun Mountains, an arid area in south Xinjiang, were measured.The results showed that the vertical streambed hydraulic conductivity in 18 tests varied from 0.07 to 1.03 cm·min^-1, and this method could be used to effectively measure the vertical hydraulic conductivity of streambed in arid area.According to the test results, the relationship between river water seepage rate and river water depth in arid area was summarized, and a formula to describe their relationship was proposed.The results showed that there was apositive correlation between the vertical seepage rate V and the vertical depth M of river water, but a negative one between the increase of seepage rate dVdM and the depth of river water.When M is deep, the growth rate dVdM of seepage rate tends to zero.The study is of great significance for evaluating groundwater resources in arid area.

Key words: streambed, vertical seepage rate, vertical hydraulic conductivity, arid area, Xinjiang

介飞龙, 封丽华, 李升. 干旱区河床参数计算[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(5): 1050-1056.

JIE Fei-long, FENG Li-hua, LI Sheng. Calculation of Streambed Parameters in Arid Area[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(5): 1050-1056.

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