原位测定滴灌棉田土壤硝态氮和铵态氮的运移特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2016.05.26

干旱区研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1104-1109.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2016.05.26

原位测定滴灌棉田土壤硝态氮和铵态氮的运移特征

单娜娜¹, 赖波², 杨志莹¹, 丁峰¹, 杨国江³

1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830001;
2.新疆自治区土壤肥料工作站新疆乌鲁木齐 830001;
3.新疆农垦科学院农田水利与土壤肥料研究所,新疆石河子 832000

收稿日期:2016-06-12 修回日期:2016-06-22 出版日期:2016-09-15 发布日期:2025-12-01
作者简介:单娜娜(1976-),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事植物营养及土壤改良等方面的研究.E-mail:sfxjsh@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“伊犁新垦区大坡降砂质薄层土不同灌溉方式下灌溉侵蚀机理与侵蚀过程研究”(41261071)资助

Migration of Soil Nitrate Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrogen in Cotton Field under Drip Irrigation

SHAN Na-na¹, LAI Bo², YANG Zhi-ying¹, DING Feng¹, YANG Guo-jiang³

1. Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agriculture,Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang,China;
2. Xinjiang Soil and Fertilizer Station,Urumqi 830001,Xinjiang,China;
3. Institute of Farmland Water Conservancy,Soil and Fertilizer Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China

Received:2016-06-12 Revised:2016-06-22 Published:2016-09-15 Online:2025-12-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氮素对作物生长有着重要的作用。氮肥的施用量逐年增长,自20世纪90年代后,中国的氮盈余量保持在3.60×10⁶~5.46×10⁶ t ·a^-1。氮肥的利用不但决定作物的长势,同时对环境也带来了较大的影响。采用离子交换树脂法,对土壤中的硝态氮和铵态氮进行原位测定,较为准确地反映了土壤硝态氮和铵态氮的迁移、淋溶和转化等动力特性。研究表明:① 埋置土壤中的离子树脂解吸液中各养分的含量均在合理的常规化学检测范围内。② 在棉花生育期内,施肥和棉花生长对土壤硝态氮影响较大,施肥会显著提高土壤硝态氮的含量,而在棉花出苗80 d前后土壤硝态氮有明显亏缺。③ 滴灌棉田土壤铵态氮的含量较低,其时空变化较为复杂,无明显规律,作为施肥参考作用不大。

关键词: 滴灌, 棉田, 硝态氮, 铵态氮, 运移, 离子树脂法

Abstract: Nitrogen is of vital important in crop growth.Nitrogen application amount was increased year by year,and the annual surplus of nitrogen in China was 3.60×10⁶-5.46×10⁶ t·a^-1.The nitrogen application affects not only crop growth,but also environment.Nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil were observed by ion exchange resin membrane (IERM) in situ.The test results revealed the dynamic changes of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil,such as the migration,eluviation and transformation.The results are as follows:① The nutrient content of eluate of ion exchange resin membrane embedded in soil was similar to that obtained with the traditional test methods; ② Soil nitrate nitrogen was remarkably affected by cotton growth and nitrogen application.Nitrogen application could significantly improve the content of soil nitrate nitrogen,and a deficit of soil nitrate nitrogen occurred around 80 days after the emergence of cotton seedlings; ③ The content of soil ammonium nitrogen in cotton field under drip irrigation was low,its spatiotemporal change was complicated,and the reference value of the content of soil ammonium nitrogen for fertilization was low.

Key words: drip irrigation, cotton field, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, migration, ion exchange resin membrane

单娜娜, 赖波, 杨志莹, 丁峰, 杨国江. 原位测定滴灌棉田土壤硝态氮和铵态氮的运移特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2016, 33(5): 1104-1109.

SHAN Na-na, LAI Bo, YANG Zhi-ying, DING Feng, YANG Guo-jiang. Migration of Soil Nitrate Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrogen in Cotton Field under Drip Irrigation[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2016, 33(5): 1104-1109.

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原位测定滴灌棉田土壤硝态氮和铵态氮的运移特征

Migration of Soil Nitrate Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrogen in Cotton Field under Drip Irrigation

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