渭河流域极端降水时空演变规律及其对大气环流因子的响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.03.18

Abstract

Abstract:

Six extreme precipitation indices, including PRCPTOT, SDII, Rx1day, Rx5day, R95P, and R99P, were calculated using the daily precipitation data of 28 meteorological stations in the Weihe River Basin, from 1961 to 2017, to represent extreme precipitation characteristics. The Mann-Kendall trend and continuous wavelet tests were used to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of extreme precipitation. The potential influences of anomalous atmospheric circulation factors on extreme precipitation were explored using the cross-wavelet analysis technique. From 1961 to 2017, the extreme precipitation indices showed a decreasing trend in the Weihe River Basin. The extreme precipitation indices increased from northwest to southeast, and the southeastern area of the basin was wetter than the northwest. After 1990, the inter-annual fluctuation of the extreme precipitation index increased significantly and the degree and probability of extreme flood events in the basin had an upward trend. Among the selected anomalous atmospheric circulation factors, the Southern Oscillation Index had the most significant effect on extreme precipitation. The higher the SOI value, the higher the probability of occurrence of less rain, while the smaller the SOI value, the higher the probability of more rain and flood events occurring. This study improves our understanding of the influence of climate change on extreme precipitation, and it improves our capacity to prevent climate disasters.

Key words: Weihe River Basin, extreme precipitation index, spatial-temporal variation characteristics, anomalous atmospheric circulation factors

ZOU Lei,YU Jiangyou,WANG Feiyu,ZHANG Yan. Spatial-temporal variations of extreme precipitation indices and their response to atmospheric circulation factors in the Weihe River Basin[J].Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(3): 764-774.

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References 25

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站名	海拔高度/m	年平均降水量/mm	站名	海拔高度/m	年平均降水量/mm
临洮	1887	521	蒲城	499	521
华家岭	2451	486	韩城	458	555
定边	1360	333	岷县	2315	579
吴旗	1273	471	陇县	924	580
海原	1854	381	麦积	1083	519
同心	1344	269	凤翔	781	608
固原	1780	454	太白	1543	741
环县	1544	436	永寿	995	582
延安	958	542	武功	446	599
西吉	1917	410	华山	2065	813
平凉	1347	506	华县	342	587
西峰镇	1415	553	佛坪	1088	919
长武	1206	588	商州	742	694
洛川	1158	612	镇安	694	787

类型	SOI	PDO	NP	NAO	AO	AMO
PRCPTOT	-0.33	-0.08	0.15	0.16	0.07	0.01
SDII	-0.45	-0.01	-0.06	-0.04	-0.16	0.34
Rx1day	-0.38	-0.07	0.01	-0.17	-0.14	0.27
Rx5day	-0.34	-0.09	0.02	-0.15	-0.21	0.18
R95P	-0.33	-0.08	0.08	0.07	-0.02	0.17
R99P	-0.41	-0.07	0.04	-0.04	-0.06	0.30

Spatial-temporal variations of extreme precipitation indices and their response to atmospheric circulation factors in the Weihe River Basin

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指数缩写	定义	单位
PRCPTOT	年内日降水量≥1 mm的降水量之和	mm
SDII	年内日降水量之和与日降水量≥1 mm的日数之比	mm
Rx1day	年最大一日降水量	mm
Rx5day	年最大连续五日降水量	mm
R95P	年内日降水量≥标准时段日降水量序列第95位值的降水量之和	mm
R99P	年内日降水量≥标准时段日降水量序列第99位值的降水量之和	mm

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