Arid Zone Research ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1899-1912.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.10.13
• Ecology and Environment • Previous Articles Next Articles
YANG Ying1(
), LI Qin1, WANG Yuan1, YANG Guijun1, TIAN Jinhua1, LI Xiong2, ZHANG Dazhi1(
)
Received:2025-04-11
Revised:2025-06-21
Online:2025-10-15
Published:2025-10-22
Contact:
ZHANG Dazhi
E-mail:yangy5773@nxu.edu.cn;zdz313@nxu.edu.cn
YANG Ying, LI Qin, WANG Yuan, YANG Guijun, TIAN Jinhua, LI Xiong, ZHANG Dazhi. Bird community diversity and influencing factors in the Taiyangshan wind farm of Ningxia[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(10): 1899-1912.
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Tab. 2
Bird list of Taiyangshan wind farm"
| 目 | 科 | 种 | 生态 类群 | 区系型 | 分布型 | 居留型 | 保护 等级 | IUCN | 数量 (春/秋) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鸡形目Galliformes | 雉科Phasianidae | 斑翅山鹑 Perdix dauurica | 陆禽类 | De | 古北界 | R | LC | 0/1 | |
| 环颈雉 Phasianus colchicus | 陆禽类 | O | 古北界 | R | LC | 0/2 | |||
| 雁形目Anseriformes | 鸭科Anatidae | 赤麻鸭 Tadorna ferruginea | 游禽类 | Uf | 古北界 | S, R | LC | 7/3 | |
| 鸽形目Columbiformes | 鸠鸽科Columbidae | 原鸽 Columba livia | 陆禽类 | O3 | 广布种 | R | LC | 0/26 | |
| 岩鸽 Columba rupestris | 陆禽类 | O3 | 古北界 | R | LC | 4/0 | |||
| 雨燕目Apodiformes | 雨燕科Apodidae | 普通雨燕 Apus apus | 攀禽类 | O1 | 古北界 | S | LC | 14/0 | |
| 鹃形目Cuculiformes | 杜鹃科Cuculidae | 大杜鹃 Cuculus canoru | 攀禽类 | O1 | 广布种 | S | LC | 1/0 | |
| 鸻形目Charadriiformes | 鸥科Laridae | 渔鸥 Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus | 游禽类 | D | 古北界 | P | LC | 0/1 | |
| 普通燕鸥 Sterna hirundo | 游禽类 | Cc | 古北界 | S, P | LC | 3/0 | |||
| 鹰形目Falconiformes | 鹰科Accipitridae | 短趾雕 Circaetus gallicus | 猛禽类 | U | 广布种 | P | 二级 | LC | 0/3 |
| 靴隼雕 Hieraaetus pennatus | 猛禽类 | U | 古北界 | P | 二级 | LC | 0/1 | ||
| 大鵟 Buteo hemilasius | 猛禽类 | Df | 古北界 | P | 二级 | LC | 0/2 | ||
| 犀鸟目Bucerotiformes | 戴胜科Upupidae | 戴胜 Upupa epops | 攀禽类 | O | 广布种 | R | LC | 1/0 | |
| 隼形目Falconiformes | 隼科Falconidae | 红隼 Falco tinnunculus | 猛禽类 | O1 | 广布种 | R | 二级 | LC | 5/9 |
| 红脚隼 Falco amurensis | 猛禽类 | Ud | 古北界 | S | 二级 | LC | 1/11 | ||
| 燕隼 Falco subbuteo | 猛禽类 | Ug | 古北界 | P | 二级 | LC | 0/4 | ||
| 雀形目Passeriformes | 伯劳科Laniidae | 楔尾伯劳 Lanius sphenocercus | 鸣禽类 | Mc | 古北界 | S | LC | 1/58 | |
| 鸦科Corvidae | 喜鹊 Pica serica | 鸣禽类 | Ch | 古北界 | R | LC | 22/49 | ||
| 红嘴山鸦 Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax | 鸣禽类 | O3 | 古北界 | R | LC | 17/34 | |||
| 达乌里寒鸦 Coloeus dauuricus | 鸣禽类 | U | 古北界 | R | LC | 5/0 | |||
| 百灵科Alaudidae | 凤头百灵 Galerida cristata | 鸣禽类 | O1 | 广布种 | R | LC | 55/62 | ||
| 角百灵 Eremophila alpestris | 鸣禽类 | C | 古北界 | R | LC | 4/0 | |||
| 亚洲短趾百灵Alaudala cheleensis | 鸣禽类 | O | 广布种 | R | LC | 123/14 | |||
| 云雀 Alauda arvensis | 鸣禽类 | Ue | 古北界 | W | 二级 | LC | 41/0 | ||
| 燕科Hirundinidae | 家燕 Hirundo rustica | 鸣禽类 | Ch | 古北界 | S | LC | 0/3 | ||
| 鸫科Turdidae | 虎斑地鸫 Zoothera aurea | 鸣禽类 | U | 广布种 | P | LC | 0/1 | ||
| 鹟科Muscicapidae | 北红尾鸲 Phoenicurus auroreus | 鸣禽类 | M | 古北界 | R | LC | 0/1 | ||
| 漠䳭 Oenanthe deserti | 鸣禽类 | Da | 古北界 | S | LC | 6/1 | |||
| 白顶䳭 Oenanthe pleschanka | 鸣禽类 | Da | 古北界 | S | LC | 1/0 | |||
| 雀科Passeridea | 麻雀 Passer montanus | 鸣禽类 | Uh | 广布种 | R | LC | 43/33 | ||
| 鹡鸰科Motacillidae | 布氏鹨 Anthus godlewskii | 鸣禽类 | U | 古北界 | S | LC | 0/1 |
Tab. 3
Generalized linear models (GLM) to analyze the impact of wind turbines on bird community diversity"
| 鸟类群落多样性[χ2(P)] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 春季 | 秋季 | ||||||||||
| 多度 | 丰富度 | Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数(H′) | Pielou均匀 度指数(E) | Simpson优势度指数(D) | 多度 | 丰富度 | Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数(H′) | Pielou均匀 度指数(E) | Simpson优势度指数(D) | ||
| 截距 | 32.165 (<0.001) | 62.830 (<0.001) | 21.289 (<0.001) | 23.263 (<0.001) | 22.488 (<0.001) | 6.869 (0.009) | 39.254 (<0.001) | 11.284 (0.001) | 13.878 (<0.001) | 11.955 (0.001) | |
| 风电机组密 度(DWT) | 4.514 (0.341) | 4.144 (0.387) | 6.794 (0.147) | 1.941 (0.018) | 8.153 (0.086) | 1.305 (0.861) | 0.150 (0.997) | 1.021 (0.907) | 1.149 (0.886) | 1.272 (0.866) | |
| 风电机组额定 功率(PTurb) | 1.606 (0.658) | 0.050 (0.997) | 0.895 (0.827) | 3.468 (0.325) | 1.454 (0.693) | 2.097 (0.552) | 9.298 (0.026) | 9.025 (0.029) | 7.870 (0.049) | 8.365 (0.039) | |
| 与风电机组距 离(DTurb) | 0.456 (0.796) | 0.543 (0.762) | 1.939 (0.379) | 5.116 (0.077) | 2.747 (0.253) | 0.364 (0.834) | 0.207 (0.902) | 0.175 (0.916) | 0.491 (0.782) | 0.249 (0.883) | |
Tab. 4
Bird species composition and ecological type in different grid groups"
| 栅格组 | 栅格 编号 | 鸟类群落组成[物种名称生态类型(个体数目)] | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 春季(5月) | 秋季(9月) | ||
| G0 | 100 | 云雀①(5),喜鹊①(1),普通燕鸥④(1) | 凤头百灵①(15),布氏鹨①(1),麻雀①(7),喜鹊①(1),赤麻鸭④(3),渔鸥④(1) |
| 140 | 凤头百灵①(1) | 喜鹊①(3),楔尾伯劳①(1),红脚隼②(1),燕隼②(2) | |
| 145 | 凤头百灵①(2),云雀①(6) | 凤头百灵①(6),大鵟②(1) | |
| 193 | 喜鹊①(2),云雀①(3),凤头百灵①(1) | 凤头百灵①(6) | |
| 239 | 凤头百灵①(7),云雀①(6),喜鹊①(1) | 0 | |
| 259 | 喜鹊①(1) | 麻雀①(6),喜鹊①(3) | |
| 267 | 云雀①(7) | 喜鹊①(2),亚洲短趾百灵①(2) | |
| 291 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(1),凤头百灵①(1) | 0 | |
| 364 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(2),凤头百灵①(1) | 红嘴山鸦①(1) | |
| 424 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(1) | 楔尾伯劳①(2) | |
| 532 | 麻雀①(2),漠䳭①(1) | 凤头百灵①(7),喜鹊①(1) | |
| 717 | 喜鹊①(1),云雀①(4),达乌里寒鸦①(1),凤头百灵①(1) | 喜鹊①(2) | |
| 761 | 角百灵①(2),云雀①(3) | 喜鹊①(1) | |
| 794 | 红嘴山鸦①(4),云雀①(15),普通雨燕⑤(2) | 楔尾伯劳①(51),短趾雕②(3) | |
| G1 | 125 | 0 | 喜鹊①(3) |
| 170 | 云雀①(1),喜鹊①(1) | 凤头百灵①(3),喜鹊①(1) | |
| 234 | 云雀①(1) | 喜鹊①(3),麻雀①(1) | |
| 429 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(1) | 喜鹊①(1) | |
| 454 | 麻雀①(7) | 0 | |
| 457 | 0 | 红嘴山鸦①(15),红脚隼②(1) | |
| 494 | 凤头百灵①(1) | 0 | |
| 543 | 麻雀①(3),喜鹊①(2) | 凤头百灵①(2),喜鹊①(3),靴隼雕②(1) | |
| 570 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(2) | 喜鹊①(2) | |
| 676 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(6),凤头百灵①(5),喜鹊①(1),岩鸽③(2) | 喜鹊①(1) | |
| 724 | 凤头百灵①(1),红隼②(2) | 亚洲短趾百灵①(1),原鸽③(26) | |
| 741 | 云雀①(6),麻雀①(6) | 楔尾伯劳①(1),虎斑地鸫①(1),红隼②(1),斑翅山鹑③(1) | |
| 772 | 喜鹊①(1),云雀①(4),凤头百灵①(2),白顶䳭①(1),红隼②(1) | 楔尾伯劳①(1) | |
| G2 | 294 | 凤头百灵①(1) | 凤头百灵①(1),喜鹊①(1),红脚隼②(1) |
| 306 | 凤头百灵①(4),云雀①(8) | 红脚隼②(2) | |
| 357 | 0 | 0 | |
| 400 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(2),普通燕鸥④(1) | 喜鹊①(1),红隼②(1) | |
| 420 | 红嘴山鸦①(1),亚洲短趾百灵①(3) | 红嘴山鸦①(4) | |
| 445 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(2),凤头百灵①(1),红嘴山鸦①(2) | 凤头百灵①(6),楔尾伯劳①(1) | |
| 481 | 角百灵①(2),麻雀①(2),达乌里寒鸦①(3),喜鹊①(1),赤麻鸭④(2) | 喜鹊①(1) | |
| 500 | 达乌里寒鸦①(1),戴胜⑤(1) | 0 | |
| 522 | 喜鹊①(1),亚洲短趾百灵①(8),大杜鹃⑤(1) | 喜鹊①(2),亚洲短趾百灵①(1) | |
| 590 | 麻雀①(2) | 红隼②(1) | |
| 611 | 红嘴山鸦①(2),亚洲短趾百灵①(6),普通雨燕⑤(12) | 喜鹊①(4) | |
| 616 | 喜鹊①(2) | 0 | |
| 632 | 喜鹊①(1),凤头百灵①(2),亚洲短趾百灵①(7),红隼②(2) | 北红尾鸲①(1),凤头百灵①(5),环颈雉③(2) | |
| 679 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(4),红嘴山鸦①(3) | 0 | |
| G3 | 173 | 云雀①(1) | 亚洲短趾百灵①(2),家燕①(3),喜鹊①(1),红脚隼②(1) |
| 369 | 云雀①(2),凤头百灵①(1) | 0 | |
| 682 | 凤头百灵①(1),麻雀①(3) | 红隼②(1) | |
| 495 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(4) | 喜鹊①(2),凤头百灵①(2) | |
| 401 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(2),喜鹊①(1),普通燕鸥④(1) | 0 | |
| 382 | 凤头百灵①(2),喜鹊①(1) | 喜鹊①(1),大鵟②(1) | |
| 504 | 麻雀①(1),喜鹊①(1),红脚隼②(1) | 亚洲短趾百灵①(6) | |
| 637 | 0 | 0 | |
| 685 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(1),麻雀①(1) | 喜鹊①(2) | |
| 645 | 亚洲短趾百灵①(4) | 喜鹊①(1) | |
| G4 | 81 | 0 | 喜鹊①(1),亚洲短趾百灵①(2) |
| 86 | 红嘴山鸦①(2),云雀①(1) | 红隼②(1) | |
| 91 | 云雀①(4),赤麻鸭④(2) | 0 | |
| 214 | 凤头百灵①(6) | 凤头百灵①(1),红隼②(1) | |
| 221 | 漠䳭①(1),云雀①(12) | 凤头百灵①(1),麻雀①(9),红隼②(1) | |
| 243 | 凤头百灵①(3),亚洲短趾百灵①(2) | 红脚隼②(1) | |
| 310 | 漠䳭①(2),凤头百灵①(1),云雀①(2) | 0 | |
| 327 | 麻雀①(1) | 喜鹊①(2) | |
| 329 | 麻雀①(3),凤头百灵①(2) | 凤头百灵①(2),楔尾伯劳①(1),喜鹊①(1) | |
| 550 | 凤头百灵①(1),亚洲短趾百灵①(3) | 红嘴山鸦①(10) | |
| G5 | 118 | 红嘴山鸦①(2),喜鹊①(1),麻雀①(12) | 麻雀①(10) |
| 151 | 赤麻鸭④(2) | 漠䳭①(1) | |
| 182 | 漠䳭①(1) | 凤头百灵①(1) | |
| 213 | 凤头百灵①(4),红嘴山鸦①(2) | 红脚隼②(2) | |
| 244 | 云雀①(7) | 0 | |
| 278 | 云雀①(3) | 0 | |
| 323 | 凤头百灵①(3) | 红隼②(1),燕隼②(1),红脚隼②(1) | |
| 341 | 0 | 红隼②(1) | |
| 342 | 0 | 0 | |
| 343 | 0 | 0 | |
| 396 | 喜鹊①(1) | 凤头百灵①(2),红嘴山鸦①(2),喜鹊①(2) | |
| 402 | 0 | 燕隼②(1) | |
| 431 | 喜鹊①(1),漠䳭①(1),亚洲短趾百灵①(2) | 凤头百灵①(2),红嘴山鸦①(2) | |
| 432 | 楔尾伯劳①(1),赤麻鸭④(1) | 红脚隼②(1) | |
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