2021年春季塔里木盆地典型沙尘天气过程气溶胶垂直分布及传输

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.01.02

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on lidar observations combined with ERA5 reanalysis data, HYSPLIT trajectory model, environmental monitoring data and meteorological observations, we studied the vertical distribution of optical properties of dust aerosols in the Taklamakan hinterland in spring 2021. The formation, development processes, potential sources and transport pathways of large-scale aeolian dust weather in Tarim Basin were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that two strong dust processes occurred in the desert hinterland from 20:00 on April 19 to 14:00 on April 21 and from 14:00 on April 22 to 18:00 on April 26. Large amount of suspended dust particles were detected at the height of 0-5 km over the atmosphere. The extinction coefficient was above 0.3 km^-1, within 2 km of the surface, and the depolarization ratio was more than 0.6, which was much higher than the threshold value of 0.31. These two dust events were both affected by the low trough in the upper air and the ground cold air. The first dust weather event was mainly caused by cold air crossing over the Tianshan Mountains. Blowing dust weather occurred in Kashgar, Hotan and Aksu. The PM₁₀ concentration in Hotan reached a peak of 3763 µg·m^-3on April 22. And the dust source was from the western of the basin. The second dust weather event primarily resulted from cold air entering the basin from the northeast. The PM₁₀ concentration in Korla and Aksu cities increased sharply to 1200 µg·m^-3 from 25 to 26, April. Dust particles originated from the local sand, northeastern and northern of the basin. During the second dust weather process, dust particles were blown up and transported higher than before, and the air pollution lasts longer and is more widespread. The windblown dust can suspend above 4 km height during dust processes. The particles transport height was significantly higher than high-frequency areas of dust weather in Hotan and Minfeng.

Key words: Tarim Basin, dust weather, aerosol, vertical distribution, lidar, Tazhong, PM₁₀

TIAN Wenjun, XUE Yibo, ZHANG Xiaoxiao, LEI Jiaqiang, LI Shengyu, FAN Jinglong, ZHANG Heng. Study on the vertical distribution and transport of dust aerosols during typical dust weather events in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China in spring, 2021[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(1): 14-26.

Figures/Tables 12

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技术指标	性能参数
激光器	激光二极管泵浦固体调Q激光器
波长	532 nm
空间分辨率	3.75 m及倍数（可调）
时间分辨率	优于3 s
最大探测距离	≥15 km
脉冲能量	≥10 μJ（可调）
脉冲重复频率	2~7 kHz
接收场视角	≤1.0 mrad
重量	≤30 kg

Study on the vertical distribution and transport of dust aerosols during typical dust weather events in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China in spring, 2021

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