阿尔泰山东部林区森林种群结构和空间分布格局

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.06.19

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the spatial distribution pattern of trees in the Fuyun forest area of the Altai Mountain and provide a reference for biodiversity protection and forest management in this area, the tree species composition, tree diameter class structure, habitat characteristics of different tree species in different age forests, and spatial distribution pattern of dominant species in the Fuyun forest region of the Altai mountain were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Picea obovata, Larix sibirica, Betula pendula, and Populus tremula were the dominant species in the Fuyun forest region, the individual number accounted for 99.99% of the total number, rare species accounted for 0.013% of the total species. (2) The diameter class structure of the dominant species was similar to that of all trees, which was similar to the inverted “U” shape, with medium diameter class individuals in the majority. (3) From the relationship between species distribution and environmental factors, altitude and slope direction have great influence, but the relationship with soil thickness is not obvious. (4) The spatial distribution pattern of the four tree species is cluster distribution, and according to the age groups, their young forests are evenly distributed. The spatial distribution pattern of trees is the result of long-term adaptation between the plant species and its environment，and it can be signals, such as the forest dynamics, plant revival, and expansion of different tree species, and the relationship between trees as well as the environments.

Key words: Picea obovata, Larix sibirica, diameter class structure, spatial distribution pattern, habitat characteristics, Altai Mountain

XU Qiao,ZHAO Wanyu,WEI Yan,YE Mao,ZHAO Xinfeng. Forestry structure and spatial distribution pattern of different age tree species in forest area of eastern Altai Mountain[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(6): 1885-1895.

Figures/Tables 7

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物种	多度/棵	平均胸径/cm	胸高断面积/cm²	重要值/%
西伯利亚落叶松 Larix sibirica	14024	27.40	589.65	63.00
西伯利亚云杉 Picea obovata	750	25.02	491.66	15.88
疣枝桦 Betula pendula	86	22.08	382.90	10.70
欧洲山杨 Populus tremus	66	21.86	375.31	10.37

龄组	数量比例/%	面积比例/%	郁闭度/%	海拔范围/m	土层厚度范围/cm
幼龄林（Ⅰ）	0.29	0.34	40.93	1320~2400	25~61
中龄林（Ⅱ）	3.65	4.13	50.95	1210~2580	25~61
近熟林（Ⅲ）	27.07	25.69	24.25	1050~3250	15~61
成熟林（Ⅳ）	28.67	28.91	45.24	1150~3250	25~61
过熟林（Ⅴ）	40.82	40.93	43.48	1070~3250	25~61

树种	龄组	数量比例/%	面积比例/%	郁闭度	海拔范围/m	坡向	坡位	坡度	土层厚度范围/cm
西伯利亚云杉 Picea obovata	Ⅰ	2.00	1.54	53.75	1650~2120	N\NE	C\D	3\4	25~61
	Ⅱ	14.00	11.18	46.19	1220~2360	N\NE\NW	C\D	3\4	25~61
	Ⅲ	38.27	43.64	25.71	1220~2480	N\NE\NW	C\D	3\4	25~61
	Ⅳ	28.80	26.07	43.70	1150~2360	N\NE\NW	C\D	3\4	25~61
	Ⅴ	16.93	17.59	45.39	1340~3100	N\NE\NW	C\D	3\4	25~45
西伯利亚落叶松 Larix sibirica	Ⅰ	0.15	0.24	0.56	1520~2400	N\NE\NW	B\C\D	3\4	25~45
	Ⅱ	3.02	5.60	52.58	1300~2580	N\NE\NW	B\C\D	3\4	25~45
	Ⅲ	26.39	24.50	24.21	1051~3250	N\NE\NW	B\C\D	3\4	15~61
	Ⅳ	28.42	29.33	45.33	1230~3250	N\NE\NW	B\C\D	3\4	25~61
	Ⅴ	42.01	42.34	43.64	1150~3250	N\NE\NW	B\C\D	3\4	25~61
疣枝桦 Betula pendula	Ⅰ	2.35	1.24	40.00	1480~1650	NE\S	C	5	25~45
	Ⅱ	18.82	26.77	38.75	1210~1740	N\NE\NW\S	D\C	5\3\4	25~45
	Ⅳ	41.18	27.13	18.71	1150~1900	N\S\NE\NW	D\C\E	3\5\2\4	25~45
	Ⅴ	37.65	44.86	31.25	1210~1900	N\NE\NW\S	D\C\E	5\4\2	25~45
欧洲山杨树 Populus tremula	Ⅰ	3.51	1.20	25.00	1740~2100	S	C\D	1\3	25~45
	Ⅲ	28.07	48.63	20.00	1050~2140	S\SE	D\C\B	1\3	25~45
	Ⅳ	3.51	3.39	50.00	1220~1610	SE	D\C\B	1	25~45
	Ⅴ	64.91	46.79	25.68	1070~2000	S	C\D\B	3\1	25~45

树种	方差均值比检验	分布类型	聚集强度
树种	V/m	分布类型	I	K	I	K
西伯利亚云杉 Picea obovata	15.2700	C	14.2700		0.0026
西伯利亚落叶松 Larix sibirica	371.8900	C	370.8900		0.0024
疣枝桦 Betula pendula	6.6200	C	5.6200		0.0006
杨树 Populus tremula	4.8400	C	3.8400		0.0007

树种	龄组	方差均值比检验	分布类型	聚集强度
树种	龄组	V/m	分布类型	I	K
西伯利亚云杉 Picea obovata	Ⅰ	0.2000	U	-0.8000	-0.0030
	Ⅱ	2.0700	C	1.0700	0.0600
	Ⅲ	4.4100	C	3.4100	0.0700
	Ⅳ	3.6600	C	2.6600	0.0550
	Ⅴ	1.8600	C	0.8600	0.0850
西伯利亚落叶松 Larix sibirica	Ⅰ	0.3000	U	-0.7000	-0.0004
	Ⅱ	8.2200	C	7.2200	0.0023
	Ⅲ	92.4800	C	91.4800	0.0025
	Ⅳ	94.9800	C	93.9800	0.0025
	Ⅴ	152.1400	C	151.1400	0.0025
疣枝桦 Betula pendula	Ⅰ	0.0200	U	-0.9800	-0.0005
	Ⅱ	0.1800	U	-0.8200	-0.0340
	Ⅲ	0.3900	U	-0.6100	-0.1810
	Ⅳ	-	-	-	-
	Ⅴ	0.3400	U	-0.6600	-0.1320
杨树 Populus tremula	Ⅰ	0.0400	U	-0.9600	-0.0030
	Ⅱ	-	-	-	-
	Ⅲ	0.1900	U	-0.8100	-0.0440
	Ⅳ	0.0300	U	-0.9700	-0.0020
	Ⅴ	0.4000	U	-0.6000	-0.3440

Forestry structure and spatial distribution pattern of different age tree species in forest area of eastern Altai Mountain

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