新疆耕地系统韧性时空变化特征及其分区划定

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.10.15

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the occurrence of resilience and the ability of cultivated land system to improve resilience, this study established a set of cultivated land system resilience evaluation index systems applicable to arid areas, with an aim to apply the resilience theory to the cultivated land system, evaluate the cultivated land system resilience and the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of Xinjiang in the past 20 years, and propose policy suggestions on the sustainable use of cultivated land in Xinjiang from the perspective of resilience. Using grid as a scale, the resilience level of the cultivated land system in Xinjiang was measured using the comprehensive index method. Results showed that (1) The cultivated land area of Xinjiang increased during 2000-2020, and it was primarily distributed in areas with abundant water resources. (2) The resilience of the cultivated land system in Xinjiang increased slightly, but the overall level was still low, and the spatial heterogeneity was strong. In the past 20 years, the area with high value exhibited a trend of shifting to the south, primarily distributed in the valley delta area formed by the alluvial river. (3) In the past 20 years, the resilience and adaptability of the Xinjiang cultivated land system have increased, but the transformation ability has decreased. Regarding spatial distribution, the resilience and transformation ability of the cultivated land system in southern Xinjiang continuously improved, and the adaptive ability basically demonstrated a distribution pattern of “high in the north and low in the south.” Due to the different factors affecting the resilience of the cultivated land system in different regions, the cultivated land-use system was divided into five zones according to the resilience of the cultivated land system in 2020, and the specific optimization plan was proposed to improve the corresponding ability.

Key words: cultivated land system, resilience, evaluate, cultivated land control, Xinjiang

JIN Chenyang, DU Hongru. Characteristics of spatial and temporal changes and zoning of cultivated land resilience in Xinjiang[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(10): 1778-1788.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 35

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目标层	准则层（权重）	指标层（权重）	计算方式	指标属性
耕地系统韧性	抵御能力（0.6870）	土壤厚度/cm（0.0340）	栅格数据	﹢
		土壤水分/（m³·m^-3）（0.0257）	栅格数据	﹢
		土壤pH值（0.0705）	栅格数据	中间型
		耕地侵蚀程度（0.0967）	栅格数据	-
		沙化耕地占比/%（0.0697）	耕地沙化扩大面积/耕地面积	-
		有效灌溉耕地比例/%（0.2483）	有效灌溉面积/耕地面积	﹢
		单位耕地水利设施（0.1420）	水库坑塘和河渠水域面积/耕地面积	﹢
	适应能力（0.1265）	坡度/（°）（0.0109）	栅格数据	-
		起伏度/（°）（0.0203）	栅格数据	-
		高程/km（0.0075）	栅格数据	-
		NPP（植被净初级生产指数）（0.0237）	栅格数据	﹢
		单位耕地化肥施用强度/（t·hm^-2）（0.0305）	化肥使用量/耕地面积	-
		粮食自给率（0.0337）	粮食总产量÷（总人数×400 kg·人^-1）	﹢
	转型能力（0.1865）	耕地集中连片度（0.0298）	使用Fragstats 4.2计算	﹢
		单位耕地农业机械化水平/（kW·hm^-2）（0.0444）	农业机械总动力/耕地面积	﹢
		耕地面积变化率（0.0079）	两期耕地面积差/基期耕地面积	﹢
		耕地地均农业产值/（10⁴元·hm^-2）（0.0228）	农业产值（不含林牧渔业）/耕地面积	﹢
		农业劳动生产率/（10⁴元·人^-1）（0.0266）	农业产值（不含林牧渔业）/农业从业人口	﹢
		农业生产结构（0.0308）	经济作物面积/农作物播种面积	﹢
		复种指数（0.0096）	农作物播种面积/耕地面积	﹢
		粮食单产/（kg·hm^-2）（0.0050）	粮食总产量/粮食播种面积	﹢
		经济作物单产/（kg·hm^-2）（0.0095）	经济作物总产量/经济作物播种面积	﹢

名称	类型	来源
土地利用	栅格数据	土地利用遥感监测数据（CNLUCC）
起伏度数据	栅格数据	国家地球系统科学数据共享服务中心
土壤属性数据	栅格数据	国家地球系统科学数据中心土壤分中心
DEM、NPP、耕地侵蚀空间分布数据	栅格数据	中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心
行政区划	矢量数据	中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心
经济社会数据	统计数据	《新疆统计年鉴》《中国统计年鉴》（2001年、2021年）

	韧性		抵御能力		适应能力		转型能力
	2000年	2020年	2000年	2020年	2000年	2020年	2000年	2020年
最大值	0.291	0.300	0.440	0.452	0.184	0.193	0.124	0.118
最小值	0.125	0.128	0.146	0.166	0.038	0.051	0.041	0.046
平均值	0.228	0.232	0.332	0.338	0.114	0.127	0.087	0.078

分区	基本特征	对应的叠加数值
现状维持区	抵御能力、适应能力、转型能力均高	222
综合提升区	抵御能力、适应能力、转型能力均低	111
抵御能力提升区	抵御能力低，适应能力、转型能力高	112，121，122
适应能力提升区	适应能力低，抵御能力、转型能力高	212
转型能力提升区	转型能力低，抵御能力、适应能力高	211，221

Characteristics of spatial and temporal changes and zoning of cultivated land resilience in Xinjiang

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