青藏高原大气气溶胶垂直分布的飞机观测

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.11.14

Abstract

Abstract:

To analyze the vertical variations of particle size distribution and atmospheric particulate concentrations in the middle and lower atmosphere of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and clarify the characteristics of the background aerosol spectra, this study utilized the aircraft-borne observational data from five flights in 2020 to analyze the size distribution and number concentration of atmospheric aerosols in the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. (1) The scattered cloud systems in the research area moved from west to east, with the cloud top height ranging from 8000 to 10000 m. The backward trajectories demonstrated that the altitude range of 6000-7000 m was primarily affected by the surrounding environmental transmission. The high-altitude aerosol particles were associated with long-distance atmospheric transport, and they originated from the edge of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. (2) Aerosols in the middle and lower atmospheric layers over the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were predominantly small particles with an average effective diameter (r_e) of 0.68 μm and an average concentration (N_a) of 10²-10³ cm^-3. On average, N_a and r_e reached 507.16 cm^-3 and 0.40 μm, respectively, in the vertical profile, exhibiting a multi-peak structure. (3) The aerosols could be categorized into three modes, with Mode I having mean N_a of 10² cm^-3 and Mode II having mean N_a of 10¹ cm^-3. For Mode III, mean N_a ranged 10^-1-10⁰ cm^-3. N_a decreased with increasing altitude. N_a gradually decreased with decreasing temperature, indicating a significant positive correlation. As relative humidity increased, the aerosol spectral type remained stable, but the concentration gradually increased. (4) At vertical heights of 7000-8000 m, the relative dispersion of cloud droplet (ε) value was relatively high at approximately 0.4, suggesting that cloud droplet sizes vary more significantly at this altitude range. Linear fitting and power-law both indicated a negative correlation between ε and N_a.

Key words: airborne observation, aerosols, vertical distribution, relative dispersion, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

ZHANG Yuxin, ZHANG Boyue, HOU Yonghui, KANG Xiaoyan. Airborne observation of the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(11): 2117-2126.

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编号	日期/年-月-日	飞机起降时间（北京时）	天气状况	高度 /m	样本数 /个	T/°C	RH/%
B1	2020-05-18	13:41—15:26	晴	2129~7792	5554	-27.84~21.29	20~99
B2	2020-05-19	16:27—18:22	多云	2126~7772	6945	-22.30~10.67	32~94
B3	2020-05-20	12:20—15:40	晴	2928~7808	11961	-24.10~19.16	1~100
B4	2020-05-21	08:43—10:35	多云	2116~7823	4727	-21.74~13.09	30~80
B5	2020-05-22	08:22—10:50	晴	2116~7834	7957	-30.82~12.31	34~87

Airborne observation of the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

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