干旱区研究

干旱区研究

• 气候与气候资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地干旱时空变化特征

  

  1. （1.北京师范大学水科学研究院，北京 100875；2. 地下水污染控制与修复教育部工程研究中心，北京 100875）
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-19 修回日期:2017-09-27 出版日期:2018-03-15 发布日期:2018-04-18
  • 作者简介:胡立堂. E-mail: litanghu@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41572220）资助

Spatiotemporal Variation of Drought in the Qaidam Basin

YIN Wen-Jie1, 2, ZHANG Meng-Lin1, 2, HU Li-Tang1, 2    

  1. (1. College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
    2. Engineering Research Centre of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
  • Received:2017-04-19 Revised:2017-09-27 Online:2018-03-15 Published:2018-04-18

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摘要： 利用柴达木盆地气象站收集的降水和气温数据，计算了SPI和SPEI两种干旱指数，并用于评价研究区不同时间尺度的干旱特征。然而，由于测站分布稀疏，两种指数在区域干旱评价方面存在不足。在此基础上基于全球范围内的scPDSIpm数据集，并用PDSI指数分析了干旱演变特征及时空分布规律，研究发现：①温度在年际尺度对研究区的干旱情况影响较大，而在月尺度和半年尺度上对研究区干旱情况影响不明显；②PDSI指数与SPEI和SPI干旱指数的相关系数较高（0.7以上），与两者具有较好的一致性，PDSI更适宜于无资料地区的干旱评价；③研究区中部干旱状况最为严重，东部边缘和西北部干旱频次相对较少，但2000年以来这种趋势得到改善。本研究对评价不同干旱指数的适用性及资料缺乏地区的干旱评价具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 干旱指数, SPI, SPEI, PDSI, 干旱趋势, 时空变化, 柴达木盆地

Abstract: Using the measured precipitation and temperature data from the meteorological stations in and around the Qaidam Basin, the values of standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) were calculated to describe the drought characteristics in the study area at different time scales. However, limited by the sparse distribution of stations, these two indexes were insufficient in evaluating the drought features in the region. Based on the globally distributed scPDSIpm data sets, in this study the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) was used to analyze the characteristics of drought evolution and spatiotemporal distribution of drought in the whole study area. Results are as follows: (1) It could be seen that the effect of temperature on drought was significant at inter-annual scale but not at monthly or seasonal scale; (2) The correlation coefficients between PDSI index and the SPEI and SPI indices were higher than 0.7. In addition, PDSI was more suitable for evaluating drought in the areas without observed data; (3) As a whole, drought was the most serious in the central Qaidam Basin, and the occurring frequency of drought was low in the eastern marginal zone and the northwestern part of the study area. However, the situation had been greatly improved since 2000. This study has important guiding significance for evaluating the suitability of different drought indexes and drought evaluation in ungauged basins.

Key words: drought index, SPI, SPEI, PDSI, drought trend, spatiotemporal variation, the Qaidam Basin