青海湖流域高寒湿地光合有效辐射特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.01.07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光合有效辐射(PAR)是生态系统过程中的一个重要参数,本文基于青海湖流域小泊湖和瓦颜山湿地气象站观测的辐射资料,对高寒湿地PAR变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:2个站点的太阳总辐射(Q)和PAR值都存在明显的日变化和季节变化特征,Q和PAR一日之中的最大值出现在13:00左右(北京时间),在一年中,最大值出现在6月,最小值出现在12月。光合有效辐射系数(η_PAR)也存在明显的季节变化特征,最大值出现在7月,主要与这个时期青海湖流域大气水汽含量最多有关。最后,利用瓦颜山数据基于晴空指数(K_t)和太阳总辐射(Q)构建出了一个PAR日值估算模型,并在小泊湖进行了模型的验证,结果表明本研究构建的模型能够满足不同天气条件下青海湖流域PAR的估算要求。

关键词: 总辐射, 光合有效辐射, 高寒湿地, 青海湖流域

Abstract: Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is an important parameter in the process of ecosystem. However,there are few reports on the change of PAR in alpine wetland. In this paper,the characteristics of PAR variation in the alpine wetland were analyzed based on the radiation data from the Xiaobohu and Wayanshan wetland meteorological stations in the Qinghai Lake Basin.The results showed that the annual global radiation (Q) and PAR at Xiaobohu Meteorological Station were 6 711.6 MJ·m^-2 and 2 888.3 MJ·m^-2,but they were 5 963.4 MJ·m^-2 and 2 527.5 MJ·m^-2 at Wayanshan Meteorological Station,respectively.The values of Q and PAR at the Wayanshan station were significantly lower than those at the Xiaobohu station.The daily and seasonal variations of both Q and PAR values at the two sites were obvious,and the maximum values of Q and PAR occurred around 13:00 o’clock.The maximum Q and PAR values appeared in June,and the minimum ones in December.The average annual photosynthetically active radiation coefficients (η_PAR) at the Xiaobohu and Wayanshan stations were 0.43 and 0.44 respectively.The seasonal variation of η_PAR at both sites was also obvious,the maximum value appeared in July,and the main reason was that the water vapor content over the Qinghai Lake Basin was the highest in July.Finally,a statistical model was developed based on the clearness index (K_t) and total solar radiation (Q) data at the Wayanshan station so as to estimate the PAR values in the whole Qinghai Lake Basin.The model was also verified at the Xiaobohu station,the results showed that the model could be used to meet the requirements of estimating the PAR values under different weather conditions in the Qinghai Lake Basin.

Key words: global radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, alpine wetland, Qinghai Lake Basin

高黎明, 张乐乐, 陈克龙, 毛亚辉. 青海湖流域高寒湿地光合有效辐射特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(1): 50-56.

GAO Li-ming, ZHANG Le-le, CHEN Ke-long, MAO Ya-hui. Photosynthetically Active Radiation in Alpine Wetland in the Qinghai Lake Watershed[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(1): 50-56.

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