2009年陕西春季层状云增雨卫星观测分析

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 699-704.

2009年陕西春季层状云增雨卫星观测分析

刘贵华¹, 余兴¹, 贾玲², 岳治国², 戴进¹

1. 陕西省气象科学研究所, 陕西西安 710014;
2. 陕西省人工影响天气中心, 陕西西安 710014

收稿日期:2010-06-10 修回日期:2010-09-13 出版日期:2011-08-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
作者简介:刘贵华(1968- ),男,四川绵竹人,高工,硕士,主要从事云降水及人工影响天气研究. E-mail:liu_guihua@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(40975087);科技部公益项目(2005DIB3J099);陕西省科技攻关项目(2009K11-05)共同资助

Satellite Observation on Rainfall Enhancement in Stratiform Clouds over Shaanxi Province in Spring 2009

LIU Gui-hua¹, YU Xing¹, JIA Ling², YUE Zhi-guo², DAI Jin¹

1. Shaanxi Province Institute of Meteorological Research, Xi'an 710014, China;
2. Shaanxi Province Weather Modification Center, Xi'an 710014, China

Received:2010-06-10 Revised:2010-09-13 Published:2011-08-25 Online:2011-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对2009年2月7～8日陕西层状云降水过程的分析,用MODIS极轨卫星资料反演云系微物理特征。结果表明:① 2月7日白天云顶温度-10 ℃,云滴有效半径(Re)为10 μm左右,云体较厚,含有丰富过冷水,冰晶或大滴不足;② 夜间在有高云参与的情况下,产生了较好的降水;③ 持续稳定的中低层状云系存在较好的增雨作业机会。用FY2C静止卫星跟踪云系的演变发现:云系维持时间达30 h,7日白天到夜间云层增厚,Re稳定,降水少,这类云的自然降水过程较弱,具有较好的增雨作业潜力。综合分析得到适宜过冷层状云人工增雨作业条件的初步卫星判据为:云厚达2 km以上,云顶温度-10～-20 ℃,云顶Re小于15 μm。为卫星在人工增雨的条件选择上提供了新的应用途径。

关键词: 卫星反演, 层状云, 人工增雨条件, 过冷云, 卫星判据, 陕西

Abstract: Because of the advantages of cloud detection with satellite, the cloud structure and precipitation formation process can be analyzed from different configurations of cloud thickness, particle size and cloud top properties by the retrieval and multi-spectral analysis of satellite data, and consequently the potential of rainfall enhancement can be investigated based on the assumptions of rainfall enhancement and the available research achievements. A new applicable tool will be provided for satellite detection of the conditions of precipitation enhancement. A precipitation process of stratiform clouds from 7 to 8 February, 2009 was selected to analyze rainfall enhancement with MODIS polar orbiting satellite data. The retrieval microphysical characteristics of the clouds are as follows: (1) The cloud top temperature was about -10 ℃, the effective radius (Re) of cloud top was around 10 μm, the cloud body was thick, and the clouds were rich in supercooled water but lack of ice crystals or large drops at daytime of 7 February; (2) Rainfall occurred under the participation of high clouds; (3) There was a good opportunity for rainfall enhancement because of the existence of sustained and stable low-level stratiform clouds. Cloud tracking with FY2C geostationary satellite revealed that the cloud system lasted for 30 hours, in which clouds grew thick gradually with stable Re and less rainfall from the daytime to the night of 7 February. Although precipitation process of such clouds was weak, there was a good potential for precipitation enhancement operation. After the comprehensive analysis, the suitable criteria for detecting rainfall enhancement of supercooled stratiform clouds with satellite can be summarized as: the thickness of clouds is about 2 km, and cloud top temperature ranges from -10 ℃ to -20 ℃ with Re less than 15 μm.

Key words: satellite retrieval, stratiform cloud, conditions for precipitation enhancement, supercooled cloud, satellite criterion, Shaanxi Province

中图分类号:

P426.5

刘贵华, 余兴, 贾玲, 岳治国, 戴进. 2009年陕西春季层状云增雨卫星观测分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(4): 699-704.

LIU Gui-hua, YU Xing, JIA Ling, YUE Zhi-guo, DAI Jin. Satellite Observation on Rainfall Enhancement in Stratiform Clouds over Shaanxi Province in Spring 2009[J]. , 2011, 28(4): 699-704.

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