土壤环境因子对乌鲁木齐地区灌木群落分布的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2016.05.28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在多元划分的基础上,使用典型对应分析(CCA)对乌鲁木齐地区的灌木物种进行排序,研究影响该地区灌木群落类型的因素,以及与主要环境因子的关系,结果表明: ① CCA排序图较好地显示了灌木群落与主要环境因子的相关性,并指示了灌木物种的生境梯度;② 海拔较土壤环境因子对灌木群落分布的影响更显著;③ 土壤环境因子中,不同土壤层次处土壤全盐含量对灌木群落的分布有重要的作用,全磷含量的影响最小;④ 研究区灌木群落更易生活在粗质土壤中;⑤ 表层土壤性质决定了山地灌丛及灌木荒漠的分布格局,中-浅层和深层土壤的影响较小。

关键词: 灌木群落, 土壤环境, 典型对应分析(CCA), 乌鲁木齐

Abstract: Based on the TWINSPAN classification,the relationship between the shrub communities in Urumqi and the main environmental factors were analyzed by CCA. The results are as follows: ① CCA biplots revealed that the distribution pattern of shrub communities was most strongly associated with environmental factors,and they reflected clearly the habitat gradient of shrub communities; ② The effect of elevation on the distribution of shrub communities was more significant than that of soil environment factors; ③ In the soil environment factors,the effect of total salt content on the distribution of shrub communities was the most important,and that of total phosphorus was the lowest; ④ The shrub communities were likely to survive in coarse soil; ⑤ The distribution pattern of mountainous shrubbery and shrub desert was strongly affected by the topsoil properties,and the effect of shallow-moderate and deep soil properties was low.

Key words: shrub community, soil environment, CCA, Urumqi

叶琴, 周华荣, 袁蕾, 宗召磊. 土壤环境因子对乌鲁木齐地区灌木群落分布的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2016, 33(5): 1119-1124.

YE Qin, ZHOU Hua-rong, YUAN Lei, ZONG Zhao-lei. Effect of Soil Environmental Factors on the Distribution of Shrub Communities in Urumqi[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2016, 33(5): 1119-1124.

参考文献

〔1〕周华荣.旬河流域灌丛植被垂直分异规律的研究〔J〕.西北植物学报,1998,18(4):156-163.〔Zhou Huarong.Study on law of vertical difference of shrub-wood vegetation in Xunhe basin〔J〕.Acta Botanica Boreal-Occidentalia Sinica,1998,18(4):156-163.〕
〔2〕何明珠,张志山,李小军,等.阿拉善高原荒漠植被组成分布特征及典型荒漠植被分布格局的环境解释〔J〕.中国沙漠,2010,30(1):46-56.〔He Mingzhu,Zhang Zhishan,Li Xiaojun,et al.Environmental effects on distribution and composition of desert vegetations in Alxa Platea〔J〕.Journal of Deaert Reaearch,2010,30(1):46-56.〕
〔3〕郝占庆,郭水良.长白山北坡草本植物分布与环境关系的典型对应分析〔J〕.生态学报,2003,23(10):54-62.〔Hao Zhanqing,Guo Shuiliang.Canonical correspondence analysis on relationship of herbs with their environments on northern slope of Changbai Mountain〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2003,23(10):54-62.〕
〔4〕许莎莎,孙国钧,刘慧明,等.黑河河岸植被与环境因子间的相互作用〔J〕.生态学报,2011,31(9):2 414-2 429.〔Xu Shasha,Sun Guojun,Liu Huiming,et al.The ralationship between riparian vegetation and environmental factors in Heihe River Basin〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(9):2 414-2 429.〕
〔5〕李妮,尹林克,王喜勇,等.乌鲁木齐主要植被类型及其分布〔J〕.新疆农业科学,2009,46(4):818-823.〔Li Ni,Yin Linke,Wang Xiyong,et al.The main vegetation types and theirdistribution in Urumqi〔J〕.Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2009,46(4):818-823.〕
〔6〕贾宝全,闫顺,李国旗,等.天山乌鲁木齐河源区高山带植被及其生物多样性初步研究〔J〕.干旱区研究,2002,19(2):98-105.〔Jia Baoquan,Yan Shun,Li Guoqi,et al.A prelimi nary study on the alpine vegetation and the biodiversity in the headwater area of Urumqi River in the Tianshan Mountains〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2002,19(2):98-105.〕
〔7〕尹林克,南伟疆,严成,等.乌鲁木齐城市植被类型及其特点〔J〕.干旱区研究,2011,28(6):1 011-1 019.〔Yin Linke,Nan Weijiang,Yan Cheng,et al.Study on types and features of urban vegetation in Urumqi〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2011,28(6):1 011-1 019.〕
〔8〕李锦,曹锦铎,王鹤林,等.1∶100万乌鲁木齐幅土壤图的编制〔J〕.土壤,1987,19(1):27-36.〔Li Jin,Cao Jinduo,Wang Helin,et al.Preparation of 1∶100 million piesces of Urumqi soil map〔J〕.Soil,1987,19(1):27-36.〕
〔9〕袁蕾,周华荣,宗召磊,等.乌鲁木齐地区典型灌木群落结构特征及其多样性研究〔J〕.西北植物学报,2014,34(3):595-603.〔Yuan Lei,Zhou Huarong,Zong Zhaolei,et al.Structural characteristics and diversity of typical shrub plant community in the Urumqi region〔J〕.Acta Botanica Boreal-Occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(3):595-603.〕
〔10〕张金屯.数量生态学〔M〕.北京:科学出版社,2004.〔Zhang Jintun.Quantitative Ecology〔M〕.Beijing:Science Press,2004.〕
〔11〕南伟疆.乌鲁木齐城市植被类型及其分布格局〔D〕.乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,2011.〔Nan Weijiang.Urban Vegetation Types and Their Distuibution Pattern in Urumqi〔D〕.Urumqi:Xinjiang Agricultural University,2011.〕
〔12〕沈会涛,刘存歧.白洋淀浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的典范对应分析〔J〕.湖泊科学,2008,20(6):773-779.〔Shen Huitao,Liu Cunqi.Canonical correspondence analysis of phytoplankton community and its environmental factors in the Lake Baiyangdian〔J〕.Journal of Lake Sciences,2008,20(6):773-779.〕
〔13〕张元明,陈亚宁,张道远.塔里木河中游植物群落与环境因子的关系〔J〕.地理学报,2003,58(1):109-118.〔Zhang Yuanming,Chen Yaning,Zhang Daoyuan.Plant communities and their interrelations with environment factors in the middle reaches of the Tarim River〔J〕.Acta Geogeraphica Sinica,2003,58(1):109-118.〕
〔14〕许传阳,陈志超,郝成元.等.暖温带和北亚热带过渡区白云山植物物种多样性与环境因子相关性〔J〕.生态环境学报,2014,23(3):371-376.〔Xu Chuanyang,Chen Zhichao,Hao Chenyuan,et al.Research on the correlation between plant species diversity and its main environmental factors of Mt.Baiyunshan inthe transitional region from warm temperate zone tosubtropical zone〔J〕.Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(3):371-376.〕
〔15〕赵鹏,徐先英,金红喜,等.民勤绿洲荒漠过渡带植物群落数量分类和排序研究〔J〕.西北植物学报,2014,34(2):364-371.〔Zhao Peng,Xu Xianying,Jin Hongxi,et al.Quantitative classification and ordination analysis on vagetation in the Minqin Oasis-Desert Ecotone〔J〕.Acta Botanica Boreal-Occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(2):364-371.〕
〔16〕Veteas O R,Chaudhary R P.Scale and species-environment relationships in a central Himalayan oak forest,Nepal〔J〕.Plant Ecology,1998,134(1):67-76.
〔17〕钱亦兵,吴兆宁,张立运,等.古尔班通古特沙漠植被与环境的关系〔J〕.生态学报,2007,27(7):2 802-2 811.〔Qian Yibing,Wu Zhaoning,Zhang Liyun,et al.Vegeration-environment ralationships in Gurban tunggut Desert〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(7):2 802-2 811.〕
〔18〕熊顺贵.基础土壤学〔M〕. 北京:中国农业大学出版社,2001.〔Xiong Shungui. Basic Soil Science〔M〕. Beijing:China Agricultural University Press,2001.〕
〔19〕张江英,周华荣,高梅.白杨河-艾里克湖湿地及周边植物群落与环境因子的关系〔J〕.干旱区地理,2007,30(1):101-107.〔Zhang Jiangying,Zhou Huarong,Gao Mei.Plant communities and their interrelation with environment factors of wetlands and surrounding lands from Baiyang river to the Alice lake〔J〕.Arid Land Geography,2007,30(1):101-107.〕
〔20〕李涛,尹林克,严成.塔里木河中游天然植被的数量分类与排序研究〔J〕.干旱区地理,2003,26(2):173-179.〔Li Tao,Yin Linke,Yan Cheng.Quantitative classification and ordination analysis on vegetation in the middle reaches of Tarim River〔J〕.Arid land Geography,2003,26(2):173-179.〕
〔21〕惠俊爱,李学禹,王绍明.新疆蔷薇科植物的区系特点和地理分布〔J〕.石河子大学学报:自然科学版,2003,7(1):59-62.〔Hui Junai,Li Xueyu,Wang Shaoming.The district characteristics and geographical distribution of the Rosaceae in Xinjiang〔J〕.Journal of Shihezi University:Natural Science Edition,2003,7(1):59-62.〕
〔22〕马斌,周志宇,张彩萍,等.超旱生灌木根基土壤磷的含量特征〔J〕.草业学报,2005,14(3):106-110.〔Ma Bin,Zhou Zhiyu,Zhang Caiping,et al.The charater of phosphorus con centrations in rhizosphere soil of super-xerophytic shrubs〔J〕.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2005,14(3):106-110.〕
〔23〕蒋礼学,李彦.三种荒漠灌木根系的构形特征与叶性因子对干旱生境的适应性比较〔J〕.中国沙漠,2008,28(6):1 118-1 124.〔Jiang Lixue,Li Yan.Compatison on architecture characteristics of root systems and leaf traits for three desert shrubs adapted to arid habitat〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2008,28(6):1 118-1 124.〕
〔24〕邱权,潘昕,李吉跃,等.青藏高原20种灌木生长时期根系特征及抗旱性初探〔J〕.中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(3):29-37.〔Qiu Quan,Pan Xin,Li Jiyue,et al.Preliminary study on root characteristics and drought resistance of 20 shrubs during growth period in Tibet Plateau〔J〕.Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2014,34(3):29-37.〕
〔25〕尚占环,任国华,龙瑞军,等.土壤种子库研究综述——规模、格局及影响因素〔J〕.草业学报,2009,18(1):144-154.〔Shang Zhanhuan,Ren Guohua,Long Ruijun,et al.Review of soil seed bank studies:Size,pattern and impacting factors〔J〕.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2009,18(1):144-154.〕
〔26〕何明珠.阿拉善高原荒漠植被组成分布特征及其环境解释Ⅳ.土壤种子库特征研究〔J〕.中国沙漠,2010,30(2):287-295.〔He Mingzhu.Environmental effects on diatribution and composition of desert vegetations in Alxa Plateau Ⅳ.Soil seed banks〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2010,30(2):287-295.〕
〔27〕高海波,张富春.藜科盐生植物的形态特征与耐盐分子机理研究进展〔J〕.生物技术通报,2008(4):22-26.〔Gao Haibo,Zhang Fuchun.Advances in reaearch on the molecular mechanism of plant salinity tolerance and morphological characters of chenopodiaceae〔J〕.Biotechnology Bulletin,2008(4):22-26.〕
〔28〕陈文新,王思涛,陈文峰.根瘤菌——豆科植物共生多样性与地理环境的关系〔J〕.中国农业科学,2004,37(1):81-86.〔Chen Wenxin,Wang Sitao,Chen Wenfeng.The relationship between the symbiotic promiscuity of Rhizobia and Legumes and their geographical envi ronments〔J〕.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2004,37(1):81-86.〕
〔29〕赵海沛,牛松顷,闰双喜,等.中国忍冬科植物地理分布〔J〕.河南农业大学学报,2012,46(6):668-686.〔Zhao Haipei,Niu Songqin,Run Shuangxi,et al.Geographical distributionof plants of caprifoliaceae in China〔J〕.Journal of Henan Agricultural University,2012,46(6):668-686.〕

[1]	刘鑫, 张毓涛, 师庆东, 李吉玫, 孙雪娇. 平茬对天山北坡浅山带灌木群落生长及碳收支的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025, 42(5): 895-906.
[2]	魏疆, 宋丹丹, 赵丽莉, 赵彩欣, 王凌羲. 乌鲁木齐市PM_2.5中碳组分污染特征及来源解析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(8): 1323-1330.
[3]	马正权, 闫劲烨, 帕丽达·牙合甫, 阿力木·阿巴斯. 乌鲁木齐市和喀什市近地面O₃变化特征及潜在源研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(12): 2004-2014.
[4]	张丽娟, 杜瀚, 贠丰泽, 马应辉, 张新强, 阿瓦古丽·图尔荪, 马正海. 天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川表层雪微生物多样性分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(4): 670-680.
[5]	张曼玉, 王志涛, 邓磊, 周虹. 共和盆地不同灌木群落生物土壤结皮理化性质差异[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(11): 1797-1805.
[6]	排日海·合力力,昝梅,阿里木江·卡斯木. 乌鲁木齐市生态环境遥感评价及驱动因子分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(5): 1484-1496.
[7]	周静,严成,郭瑞增,闫紫烟. 干旱砾漠区防护绿地植物群落配置模式研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(3): 812-820.
[8]	焦亮, 关雪, 刘雪蕊, 董小刚, 李方. 内陆河湿地芦苇叶功能性状特征及其对土壤环境因子的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(1): 202-211.
[9]	朱天翥, 杜宏茹, 张小雷, 王伯礼. 基于建设开发适宜性评价的干旱区绿洲城市增长边界的划定——以乌鲁木齐市为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(5): 1318-1324.
[10]	陈春美, 钟珂, 陈勇航, 秦榕, 辛渝, 陈彬, 刘琼, 周黛怡. 干旱区典型城市云对太阳辐射的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(2): 436-443.
[11]	李开明, 陈世峰, 康玲芬, 李忠勤, 李生德, 文强. 中国大陆型冰川和海洋型冰川变化比较分析——以天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川和玉龙雪山白水河1号冰川为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(1): 12-19.
[12]	艾菲热·阿布都艾尼, 王虹. 乌鲁木齐河源区10种真藓属植物茎的解剖学分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2016, 33(5): 1081-1087.
[13]	李东,杨兆萍,时卉,栾福明,王昭国. 乌鲁木齐市旅游气候与旅游气候舒适度分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2014, 31(3): 404-409.
[14]	唐宏, 夏富强, 杨德刚. 干旱区绿洲城市水资源开发利用的潜力——以乌鲁木齐市为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(6): 973-980.
[15]	阿德力·麦地, 柳妍妍, 古丽努尔, 孔小新, 纳比乌拉. 乌鲁木齐县天然草地毒害植物初步调查及防治对策[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(6): 1044-1048.