乌鲁木齐市和喀什市近地面O3变化特征及潜在源研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近地面O₃对我国空气质量的影响愈发严重，成为了大气污染治理的首要污染物，新疆虽位于我国西北地区，但近年来O₃问题时有发生，特别是乌鲁木齐市和喀什市。因此，对乌鲁木齐市和喀什市O₃的变化特征及潜在来源进行分析，运用后向轨迹模型探讨乌鲁木齐市和喀什市O₃的传输路径、潜在源区及其影响因素。结果显示：（1）时间变化上，2015—2022年乌鲁木齐市和喀什市O₃浓度在2018年达到峰值，2018年后小幅度下降，之后变化趋于稳定，O₃浓度季节变化明显，夏季最高，存在“周末效应”和昼夜变化。（2）后向轨迹分析结果表明，2015—2022年乌鲁木齐市和喀什市的气流轨迹来源相似，长距离气流主要来自西部中亚地区，乌鲁木齐市气流轨迹中长距离输送轨迹占比31.86%，喀什市为15.42%；中短距离气流主要来自本地，乌鲁木齐市气流轨迹中中短距离输送轨迹占比68.14%，喀什市为84.58%。（3）乌鲁木齐市和喀什市潜在源区覆盖面积大，乌鲁木齐市以本地源为核心潜在源贡献区域，喀什市以外来源和本地源为潜在源贡献区，2022年较2015年相比高值潜在源区范围有一定扩大。

关键词: 乌鲁木齐市, 喀什市, 近地面O₃, 后向轨迹, 潜在源区

Abstract:

The impact of surface O₃ on air quality in China has intensified, making it the primary pollutant for air quality management. As a gateway to Northwest China, Xinjiang has undergone rapid economic development, resulting in air quality issues, particularly in Urumqi and Kashgar. In this study, we analyzed the variation characteristics and potential sources of O₃ in these cities and employed a backward trajectory model to explore transmission paths, potential source areas, and influencing factors. The results indicated the following: (1) From 2015 to 2022, O₃ concentrations in Urumqi and Kashgar peaked in 2018, followed by a slight decrease and subsequent stabilization. O₃ concentrations showed significant seasonal variations, with the highest concentrations occurring in summer, alongside weekend effects and diurnal fluctuations. (2) Backward trajectory analysis revealed that from 2015 to 2022, airflow sources in Urumqi and Kashgar were similar, with long-distance airflows primarily originating from the western Central Asian region. Long-distance transport trajectories account for 31.86% of airflow trajectories in Urumqi, compared to 15.42% in Kashgar. Conversely, medium- and short-distance airflows mainly come from local sources, constituting 68.14% of the trajectories in Urumqi and 84.58% in Kashgar. (3) Urumqi and Kashgar encompass extensive potential source areas. In Urumqi, local sources are the primary contributors, while potential sources in Kashgar include both local and external origins. The range of high-value potential source areas expanded in 2022 compared to 2015.

Key words: Urumqi, Kashgar, near ground O₃, backward trajectory, potential source area

马正权, 闫劲烨, 帕丽达·牙合甫, 阿力木·阿巴斯. 乌鲁木齐市和喀什市近地面O₃变化特征及潜在源研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(12): 2004-2014.

MA Zhengquan, YAN Jingye, Palida YAHEFU, Alim ABBAS. Characteristics and potential sources of surface O₃ variation in Urumqi and Kashgar[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(12): 2004-2014.

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乌鲁木齐市和喀什市近地面O₃变化特征及潜在源研究

Characteristics and potential sources of surface O₃ variation in Urumqi and Kashgar

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