新疆伊宁市臭氧污染特征、气象影响及潜在源分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.10.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解伊宁市O₃污染特征及潜在污染源，基于2022年伊宁市各站点O₃监测数据及同期气象资料，结合全球资料同化系统数据建立后向轨迹模型（HYSPLIT），结合潜在源贡献分析法（PSCF）和浓度权重轨迹分析法（CWT）进行研究。结果表明：2022年伊宁市6月O₃浓度最高，12月浓度最低。以全球空气质量指南（AQG-2021）限值为标准，各站点浓度高峰期O₃平均值分别为限值的1.97倍、1.98倍和1.88倍。O₃质量浓度与边界层高度和气温呈正相关关系、与湿度和气压变化呈负相关关系。O₃日内峰值出现在17:00—18:00，太阳辐射峰值则出现在14:00。O₃与太阳辐射日变化趋势一致，均为单峰形日变化特征，受其形成机制影响O₃浓度峰值出现时刻晚于太阳辐射峰值时间3~4 h。HYSPLIT模型显示影响伊宁市O₃气流轨迹主要来自哈萨克斯坦的南哈萨克斯坦州，江布尔州和阿拉木图州。PSCF分析发现，春季伊犁州尼勒克与新源县交界处，境外哈萨克斯坦乌恰拉尔与乌尔贾尔区交界处;夏季阿克苏市的温宿县、库车市和巴州的轮台地区，以及哈萨克斯坦江布尔州南部为O₃的外来重度贡献源区。CWT结果表明，春季伊犁州的尼勒克县东部地区;夏季新源县东部，巩留、特克斯和巴州和静县西北地区，以及阿拉木图州西南边境为O₃的外来浓度贡献高值区。研究结果可为伊犁地区分析O₃的污染来源提供参考。

关键词: 臭氧, 污染特征, 后向轨迹, 潜在源贡献分析, 浓度权重轨迹

Abstract:

To investigate the characteristics of ozone (O₃) pollution and its potential sources in Yining City, this study analyzed O₃ monitoring data from multiple stations in 2022, combined with meteorological observations and Global Data Assimilation System data. The Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was employed for backward trajectory analysis, supplemented by Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) and Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (CWT) methods. The results indicated that the highest monthly O₃ concentrations occurred in June 2022, while the lowest occurred in December. During peak seasons, the average O₃ concentrations at the monitoring stations exceeded the WHO Air Quality Guidelines limit by factors of 1.97, 1.98, and 1.88, respectively. O₃ mass concentrations showed positive correlations with the boundary layer height and temperature, while being negatively correlated with the humidity and atmospheric pressure. Diurnal variation analysis revealed that O₃ peaks occurred between 17:00 and 18:00 local time, lagging 3-4 h behind the solar radiation maximum observed at 14:00, demonstrating a unimodal diurnal pattern consistent with photochemical formation mechanisms. HYSPLIT trajectory analysis identified dominant air mass origins from the South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, and Almaty regions of Kazakhstan. PSCF results highlighted significant transboundary contribution zones during spring, including border areas between Nileke and Xinyuan counties in Ili Prefecture, and the Uzbekistan-Kazakhstan border near Usharal and Urzhar. Summer high-contribution areas encompassed Wensu and Kuqa counties in Aksu Prefecture, Luntai County in Bayingol Prefecture, and the southern Zhambyl region of Kazakhstan. CWT analysis identified high-concentration contribution zones in eastern Nileke County in spring and in eastern Xinyuan County, Gongliu-Tekes counties, northwestern Hejing County, and the southwestern Almaty border region in summer. These findings provide a valuable reference for the apportionment of regional O₃ pollution sources in Ili River Valley.

Key words: ozone, pollution characterisation, backward trajectory, analysis of potential source contributions, concentration weighting trajectory

陈新, 刘云庆, 王兴磊. 新疆伊宁市臭氧污染特征、气象影响及潜在源分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025, 42(10): 1913-1924.

CHEN Xin, LIU Yunqing, WANG Xinglei. Analysis of ozone pollution characteristics, meteorological influences, and potential sources in Yining, Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(10): 1913-1924.

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时间	O₃浓度/（μg·m^-3）			超标天数/d
时间	第二水厂	新政府片区	市环保局	第二水厂	新政府片区	市环保局
3月	79.23	76.9	74.13	4	3	2
4月	106.23	105.37	101.73	22	22	20
5月	108.29	102.16	106.87	22	16	19
6月	129.37	125.3	131.47	29	28	29
7月	127.42	121.68	128.23	29	29	29
8月	120.26	110.58	121.1	25	23	25
9月	118.77	111.57	122.17	25	23	25
10月	82.68	82.61	84.74	7	5	9
11月	59.03	59.27	58.57	0	0	0
12月	58.97	52.39	55.87	0	0	0
1月	76.61	66.87	69.9	6	1	4
2月	92.29	91.64	91.36	8	7	6

季节	轨迹	第二水厂				新政府片区				市环保局
		占比/%	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	超标轨迹		占比/%	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	超标轨迹		占比/%	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	超标轨迹
		占比/%	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	数量	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	占比/%	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	数量	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	占比/%	ρ/（μg·m^-3）	数量	ρ/（μg·m^-3）
春	1	41.25	63.98	176	118.93	35.93	65.50	147	118.03	36.57	61.52	133	116.99
	2	2.18	82.38	17	117.82	1.44	84.77	11	112.09	1.81	81.10	15	114.27
	3	24.26	66.93	52	110.90	17.36	65.18	25	110.32	16.11	62.67	14	107.14
	4	32.31	66.53	124	113.19	45.28	65.98	147	112.96	45.51	61.52	133	112.54
夏	1	37.59	86.37	334	127.16	47.51	87.87	408	122.58	47.01	87.10	432	128.76
	2	17.39	91.48	180	122.88	15.17	92.00	150	118.52	14.18	90.48	146	122.57
	3	45.02	80.63	340	123.87	37.32	81.47	252	118.76	38.81	81.59	314	123.16
秋	1	79.15	52.57	240	122.28	87.54	56.44	264	115.71	79.24	54.49	257	123.72
	2	1.82	56.95	4	103.75	1.53	51.88	0	0	2.25	56.98	4	104.75
	3	19.03	53.99	29	120.79	10.93	58.80	9	111.00	18.5	56.84	38	119.63
冬	1	28.10	41.05	41	111.68	38.44	38.44	20	109.80	16.81	47.47	28	109.86
	2	15.97	52.62	14	106.21	51.87	51.87	17	104.76	16.39	55.46	10	105.60
	3	55.93	41.71	73	115.01	42.09	42.09	49	109.73	66.81	44.12	64	112.16