风沙区涵洞翼墙类型对风沙流输移影响的数值模拟

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.16

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 2154-2165.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.12.16 cstr: 32277.14.AZR.20241216

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇

风沙区涵洞翼墙类型对风沙流输移影响的数值模拟

夏天¹^,²^,³(), 李生宇¹^,²^,³(), 张璟¹^,²^,⁴^,⁵, 崔珂军¹^,²^,³

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室，国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所莫索湾沙漠研究站，新疆石河子 832000
4.新疆交通科学研究院有限责任公司，新疆乌鲁木齐 830000
5.干旱荒漠区公路工程技术交通运输行业重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2024-06-25 修回日期:2024-10-05 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-20
通讯作者: 李生宇. E-mail: lishy_hb@163.com
作者简介:夏天（2000-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事风沙灾害防治. E-mail: toexv@foxmail.com
基金资助:
塔里木盆地风沙灾害调查与风险评估(E1160202);面向工程实践的新疆高速公路沙害防治技术方案与应用示范(XJJTZKX-FWCG-202401-0043)

Numerical simulation of influence of wing wall type of expressway culvert on transport of wind-blown sand flow in wind-blown sand area

XIA Tian¹^,²^,³(), LI Shengyu¹^,²^,³(), ZHANG Jing¹^,²^,⁴^,⁵, CUI Kejun¹^,²^,³

1. Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Mosuowan Desert Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
4. Xinjiang Transportation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China
5. Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering Technology and Transportation Industry in Arid Desert Region, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

Received:2024-06-25 Revised:2024-10-05 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

涵洞是主要用来排泄路堤下水流的构造物，而风沙地区道路涵洞普遍面临积沙问题，影响行洪并威胁道路安全，而涵洞口翼墙是影响涵洞积沙的重要因素。为了甄选出可减少涵洞积沙的翼墙类型，构建了一字墙（A）、八字墙（B）、直式墙（C）等三种典型翼墙涵洞模型，对涵洞内外流场特征及积沙过程进行数值模拟。结果表明：（1）涵洞内流场结构及流速因翼墙类型而明显变化，A、B洞内气流主要贴附于涵洞上壁面移动，C洞内气流处于加速状态，洞内整体流速C>B>A。（2）涵洞积沙过程因翼墙类型而明显变化，因A、B的导汇流作用，洞内风沙流浓度较高，易发生积沙，C导流能力弱，在涵洞口及路肩容易积沙；随着来流风速增大，三种涵洞的输沙能力均得到提升，C提升最明显，B其次，A最小。（3）风向对涵洞积沙也有影响，随着斜交角度增大，A、C洞内积沙程度加重而B洞内积沙程度减轻。（4）不同翼墙对风沙流的输移效率不同，洞内积沙程度A>B>C，输沙效率则C>B>A。总体来说，翼墙C有利于减轻涵洞积沙。

关键词: 道路涵洞, 流场分布, 风沙流, 数值模拟

Abstract:

A culvert is designed to manage water flow beneath an embankment. However, road culverts often encounter issues with sand accumulation, which disrupts flood flow and jeopardizes road safety. To identify wing wall types that reduce sediment accumulation in culverts, three models were developed—one-sided wall, eight-sided wall, and straight wall. Numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the characteristics of the outflow field and the sediment accumulation processes for each model. The results indicate the following: (1) The structure and velocity of the flow field in the culvert vary significantly based on the wing wall type. In cavities A and B, airflow primarily adheres to the upper wall of the culvert, while in cavity C, the airflow is accelerated. Overall, the velocity in the cavities is ranked as C>B>A. (2) The process of sediment accumulation in the culvert varies significantly based on the wing wall type. Wing walla A and B effectively guide airflow, leading to a high concentration of wind-sand flow within the culvert, making sand accumulation more likely. Conversely, wall C exhibits a weaker diversion ability, accumulating sand primarily at the culvert mouth and shoulder. As incoming wind speed increased, the sand transport capacity of the three culverts improved, with wall C showing the most significant increase, followed by wall B and wall A showing the least. (3) Wind direction also affects sediment accumulation in the culvert. As the oblique angle increased, sediment accumulation in cavities A and C also increased, while sediment accumulation in cavity B decreased. (4) The transport efficiency varies among different wing walls, with sand accumulation in the cavities ranked as A>B>C, while transport efficiency is ranked as C>B>A. Overall, wing wall C was most effective at reducing sand accumulation in the culvert.

Key words: road culvert, flow field distribution, wind-drift sand, numerical simulation

夏天, 李生宇, 张璟, 崔珂军. 风沙区涵洞翼墙类型对风沙流输移影响的数值模拟[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(12): 2154-2165.

XIA Tian, LI Shengyu, ZHANG Jing, CUI Kejun. Numerical simulation of influence of wing wall type of expressway culvert on transport of wind-blown sand flow in wind-blown sand area[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(12): 2154-2165.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 30

[1]	昝国盛, 王翠萍, 李峰, 等. 第六次全国荒漠化和沙化调查主要结果及分析[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023(1):1-7.
	[Zan Guosheng, Wang Cuiping, Li Feng, et al. Main results and analysis of the sixth national survey on desertification and desertification[J]. Forest Resources Management, 2023(1): 1-7. ]
[2]	赵松乔. 西北干旱区主要自然灾害的形成、分布和减灾措施[J]. 中国沙漠, 1991, 11(4): 7-14.
	[Zhao Songqiao. Formation, distribution and mitigation measures of main natural disasters in arid areas of Northwest China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 1991, 11(4): 7-14. ]
[3]	史培军, 严平, 袁艺. 中国北方风沙活动的驱动力分析[J]. 第四纪研究, 2001, 21(1): 41-47.
	[Shi Peijun, Yan Ping, Yuan Yi. Analysis of driving forces of aeolian sand activity in North China[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2001, 21(1): 41-47. ]
[4]	Mao X, Wang F, Wang B. Nationwide desert highway assessment: A case study in China[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011, 8(7): 2734-2746. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8072734 pmid: 21845155
[5]	杨倩. 我国西部地区公路建设投资与经济增长之关系研究[D]. 北京: 中央民族大学, 2012.
	[Yang Qian. Study on the Relationship between Highway Construction Investment and Economic Growth in Western China[D]. Beijing: Central Mingzu University, 2012. ]
[6]	安元锋. 沙漠公路路基路面积沙规律与输沙路基结构研究[D]. 石河子: 石河子大学, 2024.
	[An Yuanfeng. Study on Sediment Area Rule and Sediment Transport Subgrade Structure of Desert Highway[D]. Shihezi: Shihezi University, 2024. ]
[7]	惠迎新, 刘俊绿, 许鹏, 等. 基于形态仿生理念的沙漠路基边坡结构设计与研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2024, 38(4): 95-104.
	[Hui Yingxin, Liu Junlu, Xu Peng, et al. Structural design and research of desert roadbed slope based on morphological bionic concept[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2024, 38(4): 95-104. ]
[8]	鱼燕萍, 肖建华, 屈建军, 等. 两种典型高等级公路路基断面风沙过程的风洞模拟[J]. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(1): 68-79. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00046
	[Yu Yanping, Xiao Jianhua, Qu Jianjun, et al. Wind tunnel simulation of wind-sand process on two typical highway subgrade sections[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2019, 39(1): 68-79. ] doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00046
[9]	鱼燕萍, 肖建华, 屈建军, 等. 不同坡角公路路基流场的风洞实验[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(3): 464-472. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00010
	[Yu Yanping, Xiao Jianhua, Qu Jianjun, et al. Wind tunnel experiment on subgrade flow field of highway with different slope angles[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(3): 464-472. ] doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00010
[10]	党兵, 符亚儒, 施智宝, 等. 基于缓解沙漠高速公路风沙危害的路基参数优化——以榆靖高速公路为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(6): 946-954.
	[Dang Bing, Fu Yaru, Shi Zhibao, et al. Optimization of subgrade parameters based on mitigation of sand damage on desert expressway: A case study of Yujing Expressway[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2007, 27(6): 946-954. ]
[11]	Wang C, Li S, Li Z, et al. Effects of windblown sand damage on desert highway guardrails[J]. Natural Hazards, 2020, 103: 283-298.
[12]	Gao L, Cheng J, Wang H, et al. Effects of different types of guardrails on sand transportation of desert highway pavement[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2022, 14(9): 993-1008. doi: 10.1007/s40333-022-0030-z
[13]	An Y, Cheng J, Ding L, et al. Evolution law of wind-sand flow field of multi-row reed sand barriers and optimal spacing[J]. Natural Hazards, 2023, 120(1): 197-218.
[14]	席成, 左合君, 王海兵, 等. 高立式尼龙网沙障防风阻沙特征及其合理配置[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(3): 882-891. doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.03.30
	[Xi Cheng, Zuo Hejun, Wang Haibing, et al. Characteristics of vertical nylon mesh sand barrier and its reasonable configuration[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(3): 882-891. ] doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.03.30
[15]	赵立岩. 混凝土圆涵洞的病害分析及预防[J]. 公路, 2001(11): 60-62.
	[Zhao Liyan. Disease analysis and prevention of concrete round Culvert[J]. Highway, 2001(11): 60-62. ]
[16]	Bruno L, Horvat M, Raffaele L. Windblown sand along railway infrastructures: A review of challenges and mitigation measures[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2018, 177: 340-365.
[17]	李凯崇, 石龙, 张芳, 等. 风沙流与铁路涵洞的响应规律研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2015, 32(11): 14-17, 48.
	[Li Kaichong, Shi Long, Zhang Fang, et al. Study on response law of wind-blown sand flow and railway culvert[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering, 2015, 32(11): 14-17, 48. ]
[18]	石龙, 蒋富强, 李凯崇, 等. 风沙流对铁路涵洞响应规律的三维仿真分析[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2016, 33(9): 14-18.
	[Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang, Li Kaichong, et al. Three-dimensional Simulation analysis of response law of wind-blown sand flow to railway culvert[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering, 2016, 33(9): 14-18. ]
[19]	智凌岩, 程建军, 王连, 等. 沙漠地区道路涵洞周围流场规律及积沙特征研究[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2018, 62(4): 62-67.
	[Zhi Lingyan, Cheng Jianjun, Wang Lian, et al. Study on flow field and sediment accumulation characteristics around road culvert in desert area[J]. Standard Railway Design, 2018, 62(4): 62-67. ]
[20]	崔晓宁. 格库铁路涵洞沙害及新型阻沙堤网阻沙机理研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2020.
	[Cui Xiaoning. Study on Sand Damage in Geku Railway Culvert and Sand Blocking Mechanism of New Type of Sand Barrier Net[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University, 2020. ]
[21]	杨晓明, 贾海锋, 周有禄. 青藏铁路涵洞周围沙害形成机理的数值分析[J]. 铁道建筑, 2021, 61(9): 109-111, 133.
	[Yang Xiaoming, Jia Haifeng, Zhou Youlu. Numerical analysis of sand damage formation mechanism around culvert in Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J]. Railway Construction, 2021, 61(9): 109-111, 133. ]
[22]	武生智, 任春勇. 基于欧拉双流体模型的风沙运动模拟[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 48(1): 104-107, 112.
	[Wu Shengzhi, Ren Chunyong. Simulation of sandstorm motion based on Euler two-fluid model[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Science Edition), 2012, 48(1): 104-107, 112. ]
[23]	Xu B, Zhang J, Huang N, et al. Characteristics of turbulent aeolian sand movement over straw checkerboard barriers and formation mechanisms of their internal erosion form[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2018, 123(13): 6907-6919.
[24]	Zhang C, Huang N, Dun H C. Experimental study on sand/bed collision over the Gobi surface[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2022, 127(4): e2021JD035766.
[25]	张展, 张小安, 徐建刚, 等. 吸沙式挡沙墙设计及防护效益分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2024, 38(6): 137-147.
	[Zhang Zhan, Zhang Xiao’an, Xu Jiangang, et al. Analysis on the design and protection benefit of sand suction retaining wall[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2024, 38(6): 137-147. ]
[26]	张兴鑫, 张凯, 史博源, 等. 流动沙丘区公路路基风沙流场数值模拟及路面沙害形成机制[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(4): 1184-1191. doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.04.30
	[Zhang Xingxin, Zhang Kai, Shi Boyuan, et al. Numerical simulation of wind-sand flow field and formation mechanism of road surface sand damage in mobile dune region[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(4): 1184-1191. ] doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.04.30
[27]	辛林桂, 程建军, 王连, 等. 沙漠地区三种风沙侧向输导工程的数值模拟[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018, 38(4): 195-201.
	[Xin Lingui, Ceng Jianjun, Wang Lian, et al. Numerical simulation of three kinds of wind-blown sand lateral transport projects in desert area[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 38(4): 195-201. ]
[28]	杨兴华, 马明杰, 周成龙, 等. 不同起沙阈值判定方案在塔克拉玛干沙漠的适用性对比研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(4): 1006-1016. doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.02
	[Yang Xinghua, Ma Mingjie, Zhou Chenglong, et al. Comparative study on the applicability of different sediment threshold determination schemes in the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1006-1016. ] doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.02
[29]	谢莉, 郑晓静. 风沙流中沙粒起跳初速度分布的探讨[J]. 中国沙漠, 2003, 23(6): 34-38.
	[Xie Li, Zheng Xiaojing. Study on the initial take-off velocity distribution of sand particles in wind-blown sand flow[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003, 23(6): 34-38. ]
[30]	徐建刚, 黄宁, 张洁, 等. 铁路路基边坡结构对风沙流输运规律影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2023, 37(8): 89-96.
	[Xu Jiangang, Huang Ning, Zhang Jie, et al. Numerical simulation of the influence of railway embankment slope structure on the transport law of wind-driven sand flow[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2023, 37(8): 89-96. ]

风沙区涵洞翼墙类型对风沙流输移影响的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of influence of wing wall type of expressway culvert on transport of wind-blown sand flow in wind-blown sand area

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 30

相关文章 14

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	刘洋, 尹忠东, 闫晴, 张彩荣. 琵琶柴的防风固沙作用数值模拟[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(11): 1887-1897.
[2]	闫晴, 李菊艳, 尹忠东, 刘金苗, 柳宏才. 典型株型沙生灌丛对风沙流场影响的数值模拟[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(5): 785-797.
[3]	张天意, 刘杰, 杨治纬, 王斌, 程秋连. 基于空-地协同调查的西天山阿尔先沟雪崩过程数值模拟[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(11): 1729-1743.
[4]	薛承杰, 张克存, 安志山, 张宏雪, 潘加朋. 铁路高架桥对局地风动力的影响——以敦格铁路沙山沟为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(10): 1678-1686.
[5]	曹怡清,隆霄,李超,王思懿,赵建华. 低空急流对贺兰山东麓两次暴雨影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(6): 1739-1752.
[6]	刘金苗,李菊艳,尹忠东,关含笑,张家伟. 干枯骆驼刺对风沙流场影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(5): 1514-1525.
[7]	周宏. 基于多入渗模型的荒漠砂质土壤积水入渗模拟对比[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(1): 123-134.
[8]	张兴鑫,张凯,史博源,崔宝红,赵礼明. 流动沙丘区公路路基风沙流场数值模拟及路面沙害形成机制[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(4): 1184-1191.
[9]	魏倩,隆霄,赵建华,韩子霏,王思懿. 边界层参数化方案对一次西北地区沙尘天气过程影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(1): 163-177.
[10]	陆莎，左洪超，苗文辉，陈继伟，郭阳，王士新. 干旱区地膜覆盖玉米农田地表反照率动态参数化方法及其模拟效果分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(2): 461-470.
[11]	廖梓龙，龙胤慧，刘华琳，宋一凡，郭中小，魏永富. 气候变化与人类活动对包头市地下水位的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2014, 31(1): 138-143.
[12]	朱庆亮, 江灏, 王可丽, 雒新萍. WRF模式物理过程参数化方案对黑河流域降水模拟的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2013, 30(3): 462-469.
[13]	杨兴华, 何清, 阿吉古丽·沙依提 , 程玉景. 塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘荒漠过渡带风沙流结构特征分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012, 29(4): 699-704.
[14]	何清, 胡文峰, 杨兴华, 艾力·买买提明, 赵聪敏. 巴丹吉林沙漠拐子湖地区贴地层风速廓线和风沙流结构特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012, 29(3): 517-523.