阴山北麓荒漠区6种植物群落的土壤细菌特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.13

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 1122-1132.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.13

阴山北麓荒漠区6种植物群落的土壤细菌特征

蒋星驰^1,²(),李俊瑶^1,²,陈峰³,李盛林³,温苏雅勒图⁴,王国林⁴,王少昆^1,²()

1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,乌拉特荒漠草原研究站,甘肃兰州 730000
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.巴彦淖尔市乌拉特国家级自然保护区管理局,内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015000
4.乌拉特梭梭林蒙古野驴国家级自然保护区乌拉特后旗管理站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015543

收稿日期:2021-12-06 修回日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
通讯作者: 王少昆
作者简介:蒋星驰（1997-）,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤微生物生态学. E-mail: pandalinux@163.com
基金资助:
国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100200);国家自然科学基金(41771117);内蒙古乌拉特梭梭林-蒙古野驴国家级自然保护区生态监测项目(E1900504)

Soil bacterial characteristics of six plant communities in the desert areas to the North of Yinshan Mountains

JIANG Xingchi^1,²(),LI Junyao^1,²,CHEN Feng³,LI Shenglin³,Wensuyaletu ⁴,WANG Guolin⁴,WANG Shaokun^1,²()

1. Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Bureau of Urat National Nature Reserve in Bayannur City, Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
4. Urad Rear Banner Management Station of National Nature Reserve of Haloxylon ammodendron and Equus hemionus, Bayannur 015543, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2021-12-06 Revised:2022-04-18 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-09-26
Contact: Shaokun WANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

灌木、半灌木和小乔木是干旱荒漠区主要的植物类型,这些荒漠植物在维持荒漠区生物多样性和生态功能方面起着重要的作用。利用高通量测序技术,分析了阴山北麓荒漠区6种典型荒漠植物群落：红砂（Reaumuria songarica）、白刺（Nitraria tangutorum）、沙冬青（Ammopiptanthus mongolicus）、蒙古短舌菊（Brachanthemum mongolicum）、盐爪爪（Kalidium foliatum）和梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）的土壤细菌多样性和群落组成及其与土壤因子的关系。结果表明：（1） 6种荒漠植物群落土壤理化性质差异显著,其中盐爪爪和红砂群落土壤水分和养分条件较好;（2）土壤细菌优势类群均为放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria）,两者占细菌总数的60%以上,优势细菌门所占比例在6种植物群落之间差异显著;（3）盐爪爪群落土壤特异性细菌物种数显著高于其他植物群落,盐爪爪与红砂群落的土壤细菌Shannon多样性指数显著高于其他植物群落,Shannon多样性指数对环境变化的响应更为敏感,土壤水分和养分越高,细菌Shannon指数越高;（4）冗余分析（RDA）结果表明：不同植物群落引起的土壤含水量、机械组成、pH和电导率的变化驱动了土壤细菌群落组成。

关键词: 阴山北麓荒漠区, 荒漠植物, 扩增子16S, 细菌多样性, 土壤因子

Abstract:

Shrubs are the main plant forms in arid desert areas and play an important role in maintaining biodiversity and ecological functions in these areas. We utilized high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the soil bacterial diversity of six typical desert plant communities in the desert areas to the north of the Yinshan Mountains: Reaumuria songarica, Nitraria tangutorum, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, Brachanthemum mongolicum, Kalidium foliatum, and Haloxylon ammodendron. The results showed the following: (1) The dominant phyla of soil bacteria in the six vegetation communities were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. (2) The Shannon diversity index of bacteria is sensitive to environmental changes. The higher the Shannon index, the better the soil nutrient status. (3) Soil moisture content, mechanical composition, pH value, electrical conductivity, and vegetation type are all factors that significantly drive the composition of the bacterial community structure.

Key words: desert areas to the North of Yinshan Mountains, desert plant, 16S, bacterial diversity, soil factors

蒋星驰,李俊瑶,陈峰,李盛林,温苏雅勒图,王国林,王少昆. 阴山北麓荒漠区6种植物群落的土壤细菌特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(4): 1122-1132.

JIANG Xingchi,LI Junyao,CHEN Feng,LI Shenglin,Wensuyaletu ,WANG Guolin,WANG Shaokun. Soil bacterial characteristics of six plant communities in the desert areas to the North of Yinshan Mountains[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1122-1132.

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群落类型	经纬度	海拔/m	物种丰富度/个	植被盖度/%	优势种高度/cm	伴生种
沙冬青群落（AM）	107°1.53′E, 41°45.30′N	1333	6.60±0.46	20.20±0.77	91.80±13.38	沙生针茅（Stipa glareosa）
蒙古短舌菊群落（BM）	106°22.86′E, 41°43.25′N	1191	8.00±0.75	20.40±1.51	50.80±2.42	矮脚锦鸡儿（Caragana brachypoda）
梭梭群落（HA）	107°0.57′E, 41°45.06′N	1308	3.00±0.28	21.20±3.13	153.20±30.09	沙蒿（Artemisia desertorum）
盐爪爪群落（KF）	107°20.04′E, 41°46.20′N	1499	3.60±0.36	45.00±2.10	37.80±2.58	红砂（Reaumuria songarica）
白刺群落（NT）	106°30.49′E, 41°33.03′N	1444	8.20±0.95	57.00±8.67	51.60±4.97	雾冰藜（Bassia dasyphylla）
红砂群落（RS）	106°58.38′E, 41°25.84′N	1662	5.00±0.49	20.53±3.59	14.20±1.86	珍珠猪毛菜（Salsola passerina）

	机械组成/%			含水率 /%	pH	电导率 /(μS·cm^-1)	全氮含量 /%	全碳含量 /%	碳氮比
	粗砂 0.1~2 mm	细砂 0.05~0.1 mm	黏粉粒 <0.05 mm	含水率 /%	pH	电导率 /(μS·cm^-1)	全氮含量 /%	全碳含量 /%	碳氮比
沙冬青（AM）	79.51±2.86b	19.15±2.44b	1.34±0.42a	1.58±0.09a	9.04±0.06ab	91.78±5.93a	0.01±0.00a	0.32±0.02a	27.70±1.00c
蒙古短舌菊（BM）	78.84±1.22b	20.01±1.17bc	1.16±0.09a	2.57±0.19a	8.87±0.04ab	120.68±8.40a	0.01±0.00a	0.23±0.02a	15.97±0.54a
梭梭（HA）	89.01±1.80c	10.53±1.68a	0.46±0.12a	3.03±0.18ab	9.83±0.10c	239.46±25.72ab	0.01±0.00a	0.37±0.01a	30.81±0.78d
盐爪爪（KF）	55.54±1.60a	39.99±1.69d	4.47±0.64b	12.09±1.60c	8.77±0.05a	985.00±66.93c	0.09±0.00c	1.16±0.08c	13.42±0.26a
白刺（NT）	71.62±0.87b	26.77±0.84c	1.61±0.06a	3.23±0.12ab	9.07±0.03b	124.62±16.98a	0.02±0.00a	0.29±0.02a	16.02±025a
红砂（RS）	73.38±1.99b	20.86±1.35bc	5.76±0.74b	5.79±0.39b	9.11±0.10b	419.70±82.11b	0.04±0.00b	0.70±0.06b	19.72±0.36b
F	37.08	37.56	23.53	32.07	29.76	57.47	70.57	170.20	138.20
P	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

环境因子	df自由度	Variance方差	F值	P值
SWC	1	0.052	14.316	0.001^***
CS	1	0.008	2.254	0.036^*
SC	1	0.042	11.487	0.001^***
pH	1	0.025	6.954	0.001^***
EC	1	0.011	3.058	0.005^**
TN	1	0.004	1.098	0.359
TC	1	0.004	1.213	0.267
CN	1	0.006	1.749	0.103
SPE	1	0.004	1.229	0.264
COV	1	0.004	1.115	0.322
HEI	1	0.003	0.908	0.496

阴山北麓荒漠区6种植物群落的土壤细菌特征

Soil bacterial characteristics of six plant communities in the desert areas to the North of Yinshan Mountains

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