干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 207-222.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.01.22

• 植物与植物生理 • 上一篇    下一篇

巴丹吉林沙漠植被群落特征与土壤水分关系研究

秦洁1,2(),司建华1(),贾冰1,2,赵春彦1,李端1,2,罗欢1,2,任立新3   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.黄河水利委员会上游水文水资源局,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-18 修回日期:2020-09-14 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 司建华
  • 作者简介:秦洁（1996-）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事生态水文研究. E-mail: qinjie18@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技重大专项项目(zdzx2018057);中国科学院创新交叉团队项目(JCTD-2019-19);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501009)

Study on the relationship between vegetation community characteristics and soil moisture in Badain Jaran Desert

QIN Jie1,2(),SI Jianhua1(),JIA Bing1,2,ZHAO Chunyan1,LI Duan1,2,LUO Huan1,2,REN Lixin3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. Upstream Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2020-06-18 Revised:2020-09-14 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-03-05
  • Contact: Jianhua SI

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摘要：

通过对巴丹吉林沙漠周边及腹地进行野外调查采样,归纳出该区植被的生活型和群落类型,分析其植被多样性、优势度及均匀度指数,进而探讨该地区植被群落特征对土壤水分的响应。结果表明：（1） 本次调查共记录到20科52属56种植物,分属于乔木、小乔木、灌木、小灌木、半灌木、草质藤本、多年生草本、一年生草本8类生活型,群落多以灌木和多年生草本植物为主,且多为沙漠旱生或超旱生多年生植物;（2） 巴丹吉林沙漠群落整体生物多样性指数偏低,沙漠腹地湖泊周围物种丰富度和多样性指数相对较高,边缘地区较低,且灌木层在群落中占优势且分布均匀,草本层植被种类多样;（3） 巴丹吉林沙漠土壤含水量普遍较低,超过61%的区域土壤含水量不足5%;土壤含水量与Simpson优势度指数（C）为极显著负相关,与Shannon-Winner多样性指数（H′）、Simpson多样性指数（D）、Alatato均匀度指数（Ea）均为极显著正相关,且Simpson优势度指数（C）、Shannon-Winner多样性指数（H′）、Simpson多样性指数（D）对土壤水分的响应关系中均为立方函数拟合效果最好。

关键词: 巴丹吉林沙漠, 物种多样性, 群落特征, 土壤含水量

Abstract:

Following investigation and sampling of Badain Jaran Desert periphery and hinterland, this study has summarized the life forms and community types of vegetation in the area, analyzed the diversity, dominance, and evenness index of vegetation, and then investigated the response of vegetation community to soil water. The results obtained are as follows. First, a total of 52 genera and 56 species of plants belonging to 20 families were recorded in this survey, which belonged to 8 types of life forms, including arbors, small arbors, shrubs, small shrubs, semi-shrubs, grassy vines, perennial herbs, and annual herbs. The vegetation communities were mostly shrubs and perennial herbs, and most of them were desert xerophytes or super xerophytic perennials. Second, the overall biodiversity index of the Badain Jaran Desert community is low, whereas the species richness and diversity indices around the lakes in the desert hinterland are relatively high, and those in the marginal area are low. The shrub layer is dominant and uniformly distributed in the plant community, and the herb layer consists of various forms of vegetation. Third, the Badain Jaran Desert has low soil water content, and more than 61% of the region has less than 5% soil moisture. The soil moisture content is negatively correlated with the Simpson dominance index (C), and positively correlated with the Shannon-Winner diversity index (H′), Simpson Diversity Index (D), and Alatato uniformity index (Ea). Additionally, Simpson Dominance Index (C), Shannon-Winner Diversity Index (H′), and Simpson Diversity Index (D) have good cubic function fitting effect on response relations of soil moisture.

Key words: Badain Jaran Desert, species diversity, community characteristics, soil water content