干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 952-960.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2016.05.06

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

兰州夏季城市气候效应和建筑热环境耦合模拟

李国栋1, 邹国防2, 张俊华1, 吴东星1, 张茜1   

  1. 1.河南大学资源与环境研究所/黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心/环境与规划学院,河南 开封 475004;
    2.平顶山市综合利用环境保护研究所,河南 平顶山 467036
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-07 修回日期:2016-01-04 出版日期:2016-09-15 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 作者简介:李国栋(1978-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事城市气象、气候变化等方面的研究.E-mail: liguodonghd@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U1404401);河南大学资源与环境研究所项目(HD-ZHS-201403);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(161RTSTHN012);河南大学新兴交叉及特色学科培育项目(XXJC20140003)资助

Coupled Simulation of Urban Climatic Effect and Building Thermal Environment in Lanzhou

LI Guo-dong1, ZOU Guo-fang2, ZHANG Jun-hua1, WU Dong-xing1, ZHANG Xi1   

  1. 1. Institute of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences/Henan Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Yellow River Civilization Inheritance and Modern Civilization Construction,School of Environment and Planning, Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;
    2. Pingdingshan Institute of Comprehensive Utilization and Environmental Conservation,Pingdingshan 467036,Henan,China
  • Received:2015-06-07 Revised:2016-01-04 Published:2016-09-15 Online:2025-12-01

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摘要： 快速城市化过程使得城市冠层成为一个气象要素特征和能量交换非常复杂的系统,数值模拟方法在揭示城市气候效应和建筑热环境形成的物理机制、寻找热舒适与节能环保之间的平衡点方面具有重要的作用。兰州是地貌特征独特、城市化气候效应显著、大气污染严重的典型河谷型城市,通过定点观测试验,以热力学和动力学为理论基础的AUSSSM耦合模型,模拟分析夏季市区典型建筑群的局地气候特征,城市冠层内的气温日变化规律,城市冠层不同时段的气温廓线和比湿廓线;揭示建筑物从底层到顶层4个墙面的温度日变化规律和热力特征,裸土地、草坪、沥青和混凝土楼顶表面温度日变化特征和蒸发速率;城市冠层太阳下行短波辐射、地面反射的短波辐射、大气长波逆辐射、地面长波辐射、净辐射的分配状况及气溶胶对辐射传输的影响,揭示了城市气候效应形成的物理驱动机制,从微观尺度获得缓解城市气候效应可操作性的方法与途径。

关键词: 城市气候, 建筑热环境, 耦合模拟, 兰州市

Abstract: Rapid urbanization makes urban canopy be a complex system with complex meteorological factors and energy exchange. In this study,the numerical model was used to research the matter and energy flows between building and urban local climate and reveal the physical mechanism of urban climate effect. It is of important significance to find the balance point between the thermal comfortable,energy saving and environmental protection. AUSSSM model with thermodynamics and dynamics theory was the foundation of this study. As a valley city with the distinctive topographical features,serious air pollution and significant urban heat island effect,Lanzhou City was chosen as the study area to simulate and analyze the local climatic parameters of typical building group in summer and the daily variation of air temperature in urban canopy. The profiles of air temperature and humidity ratio in different periods were simulated. The variation of temperature at the east,west,south and north metopes from the ground floor to the cockloft of building were simulated. The daily variation of surface temperature and evaporation of barer soil,asphalt,lawn and concrete roof were also simulated. The distribution of shortwave radiation in urban canopy,shortwave radiation of earth reflection,inverse long-wave radiation,ground long-wave radiation,net radiation and the effect of aerosol on radiation transfer were revealed.

Key words: urban climate, building thermal environment, coupled simulation, Lanzhou City