干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 169-175.

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

2001—2010年策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带的变化及其成因

潘光耀1,2,3，穆桂金1,3，岳健1,3，贺俊霞1,2,3，孙琳1,2,3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100039;
    3. 新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，新疆 策勒 848300
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-27 修回日期:2013-01-31 出版日期:2014-01-15 发布日期:2014-02-28
  • 作者简介:潘光耀(1987-)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为环境演变. E-mail：pgy7006@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划（2009BAC54B05）资助

Change of the Oasis-desert Ecotone and Its Causes in Qira County during the Period of 2001-2010

PAN Guang-yao,MU Gui-jin,YUE Jian ,HE Jun-xia,SUN Lin   

  1. 1.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3.Qira National Station of for DesertGrassland Ecosystem Observation & Research, Qira 848300, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2012-08-27 Revised:2013-01-31 Published:2014-01-15 Online:2014-02-28

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摘要： 通过分析多年的NDVI，探讨策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带的空间结构变化，并结合同期自然环境和人为活动情况进行讨论。结果表明：① 过渡带植被变化总体上受地下水位控制，植被由绿洲向沙漠梯度递减；其内部植被覆盖区域与裸沙地并存，植被分布呈斑块状。根据过渡带NDVI的变化，将过渡带分为单向渐变型、双向渐变型和突变型过渡带。② 2001—2010年策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带边界变化剧烈，过渡带内边界主要受控于人为活动；过渡带外边界主要受控于自然因素。③ 虽然绿洲地下水受到持续过度开采，绿洲-沙漠过渡带不断被开垦成为耕地，但是由于封育保护，2001—2010年过渡带植被略有改善，基本上保持其自身的稳定。④ 策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带NDVI变化趋势与年降水量的变化趋势相一致，但变化幅度相差较大。

关键词:

Abstract: In this paper, the variation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the oasisdesert ecotone in Qira County, Xinjiang during the period from the year 2001 to 2010 was analyzed so as to understand the variation of spatial structure of the oasisdesert ecotone. Moreover, the effects of natural environment and human activities on the variation of NDVI were discussed. The results are as follows: ① In general, the vegetation coverage decreased gradually from the oasis to the desert. Groundwater level was the most important factor affecting the variation of vegetation in the oasisdesert ecotone in Qira County. The variation of vegetation near the oasis was higher than that far away from the oasis, because the zone near the oasis was affected by irrigation water, and such effect was decreased with the increase of distance away from the oasis. In the oasisdesert ecotone, the distribution of vegetation is patchy. There were some mobile or semimobile dunes among the vegetation patches, and the vegetation coverage was extremely low. Based on the variation of vegetation coverage, the oasisdesert ecotone was divided into three types, i.e., the unidirectional graded type, bidirectional graded type and mutant type; ② There was a rapid shift of the oasisdesert boundary during the period from 2001 to 2010, and such shift was mainly affected by human activities. Boundaries of the desert and the oasisdesert ecotone were far away from the Qira Oasis, the impact of human activities on them was low, and the outer boundary was mainly affected by natural factors; ③ Although there was the excessive exploitation of groundwater and land reclamation in the ecotone, vegetation in the ecotone was improved to some extent, its stability was basically maintained, and its coverage was slightly increased because of closing the hillsides for facilitating afforestation and grass planting; ④ Variation of vegetation coverage in the ecotone was consistent with the change of annual precipitation. There was a poor correlation between annual temperature and NDVI. Vegetation in the ecotone was also impacted by aeolian sand disasters.

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