沙丘； 垄间地； 分形维数； 稳定性指数； 塔克拉玛干沙漠," /> 沙丘； 垄间地； 分形维数； 稳定性指数； 塔克拉玛干沙漠,"/> 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地复合纵向沙垄间地沙丘空间分形及稳定性
干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 163-168.

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地复合纵向沙垄间地沙丘空间分形及稳定性

王宁波1,2，谷峰3，李生宇1，王海峰1，徐新文1，雷加强1，张忠良3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011；2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049；
    3. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司，新疆 库尔勒 841000
  • 收稿日期:2012-11-04 修回日期:2013-01-18 出版日期:2014-01-15 发布日期:2014-02-28
  • 作者简介:王宁波（1986-），男，硕士，主要从事风沙地貌和荒漠化防治研究. E-mail:flyoversea07@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院知识创新工程青年方向项目（KZCX2-YW-QN-316）；中国科学院西部博士专项(XBBS200813)；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（201130106-3）；国家自然科学基金（41201016）资助

Fractality and Stability of Sand Dunes in Lowland among Composite  Longitudinal Ridges in the Central Taklimakan Desert

WANG Nin-bo,GU Feng, LI Sheng-yu, WANG Hai-feng, XU Xin-wen, LEI Jia-qiang, ZHANG Zhong-liang   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011,China;
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
    3. Tarim Oilfield Branch, Petro China Company Limited, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2012-11-04 Revised:2013-01-18 Published:2014-01-15 Online:2014-02-28

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摘要： 塔克拉玛干沙漠的大地貌格局是高大复合沙垄和宽广垄间地相间分布，而垄间地是研究简单沙丘发育过程的良好试验场地。基于Google Earth影像，以分形理论为基础，对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地复合纵向沙垄区垄间地上覆沙丘在主导风方向上的分形特征进行了分析，结果表明：① 垄间地沙丘形状指数（面积—周长关系）的标度—频度双对数关系非常显著，分形关系客观存在，并且不受统计时所用标度的影响；② 垄间地各类沙丘的分维值存在差异，其中，饼状沙堆和沙片分维值最大（1.337），新月形沙丘次之（1.170），简单线性沙丘最小（1.087）；③ 垄间地沙丘分维值的空间差异较大，在1.187~1.656，其分维数：背风坡脚（1.24）＜垄间地中部（1.40）＜迎风坡脚（1.50），变异系数为0.106；④ 垄间地沙丘稳定性指数与分维值的空间分布相反，即背风坡脚（0.26）＞垄间地中部（0.16）＞迎风坡脚（0.10）；⑤ 垄间地沙丘分维值空间差异主要与沙丘发育程度有关，其中，风信是动力基础，沙源是物质基础。在流动沙漠，沙丘分形维数可以作为反映其风沙环境特征的定量指标。

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Abstract: The distribution of composite longitudinal ridges alternating with interdune corridors is the largescale morphological pattern in the Taklimakan Desert, where almost all the types of dunes are distributed. Interdune corridors are the optimal experiment sites to study the development process of sand dunes. Based on the Google Earth images, this paper is to investigate the fractal characteristics of dunes along the local prevailing wind direction in the Taklimakan Desert. Some conclusions are as follows: ① There was a significant double logarithmic relationship between size and frequency of dune shape index (floorageperimeter relationship), which proved that the sand dunes in the interdune corridor alternating with the composite longitudinal ridges had the fractal characteristics independent of scales used in statistics; ② Sand dunes in the interdune corridors alternating with the composite longitudinal ridges had different fractal dimensions, the fractal dimension of pieshaped dunes was the highest (1.337), it was moderate (1.170) for the barchans and the lowest (1.087) for the simple linear dunes; ③ The spatial difference of the fractal dimension of sand dunes alternating with the composite longitudinal ridges was high and varied in a range of 1.187-1.656, and the fractal dimension was in an order of leeward slope (1.24) < central ridge (1.40) < windward slope (1.50), and the coefficient of variation was 0.106; ④ The spatial distribution of dune stability index was opposite to the dune fractal dimension in the interdune corridor, that is in an order of leeward slope (0.26) > central ridge (0.16) > windward slope (0.10); ⑤ The spatial difference of dune fractal dimension was related to the development level of sand dunes. Fractal dimension of dunes could be used as an integrated quantitative index to evaluate aeolian environment in mobile desert.  

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