基于GEE的鄂尔多斯长时序植被NPP时空演变

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.02.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用Google Earth Engine（GEE）云计算平台，基于改进的CASA模型对鄂尔多斯2001—2020年间的植被净初级生产力（NPP）进行估算，并运用Sen斜率分析和MK趋势分析方法对NPP的时空变化进行深入分析，同时估算了其固碳能力。结果表明：（1）鄂尔多斯2001—2020年间植被NPP呈现明显的季节变化，最高值出现在7—8月，年平均NPP为78.04 g C·m^-2·a^-1，整体呈波动上升趋势。（2）在空间分布上，NPP存在明显的异质性，东北部较高，西北部较低，高值区集中在达拉特旗和准格尔旗，低值区则主要分布在杭锦旗。（3）生态工程的实施与NPP变化并不完全同步，整体呈现先慢后快的特点，大部分区域在2011年后NPP变化速率显著提升，但杭锦旗等生态环境恶劣地区的改善较慢，有一定滞后性。（4）鄂尔多斯固碳量在2011年呈大面积负值，但2020年固碳量空间异质性显著增强，东部较高、西部较低，杭锦旗西部恢复仍需加强，而达拉特旗固碳能力显著提升。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯, Google Earth Engine, CASA模型, 植被净初级生产力, 固碳能力

Abstract:

Utilizing the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform, the Net Primary Productivity (NPP) of Ordos was calculated based on an improved CASA model. Sen’s slope analysis and MK trend analysis methods were used to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in NPP from 2001 to 2020 and estimate the carbon sequestration capacity of Ordos City. (1) NPP in Ordos City displayed a significant seasonal variation from 2001 to 2020, with the highest values in July and August and an average annual NPP of 78.04 g C·m^-2·a^-1, following an overall fluctuating upward trend. (2) Spatially, NPP demonstrated clear heterogeneity, with higher values in the northeast and lower values in the northwest; high values were concentrated in Dalate Banner and Jungar Banner, while low values were mainly in Hanggin Banner. (3) The implementation of ecological projects and NPP changes were not fully synchronized, with a general trend of initially slow then accelerating growth; NPP change rates significantly increased after 2011 in most areas, but areas with harsher ecological conditions, such as Hanggin Banner, exhibited a lower improvement and some lag. (4) In 2011, Ordos displayed a widespread negative carbon sequestration rate. Yet, by 2020, the spatial heterogeneity in carbon sequestration had significantly increased, with higher values in the east and lower values in the west. The carbon sequestration capacity in Hanggin Banner’s western region still requires reinforcement, while Dalate Banner significantly improved its carbon sequestration capacity.

Key words: Ordos City, Google Earth Engine, CASA model, net primary productivity, carbon sequestration capacity

刘哿, 赵恒谦, 皇甫霞丹, 付含聪, 王盼, 徐飞, 韩添. 基于GEE的鄂尔多斯长时序植被NPP时空演变[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025, 42(2): 299-311.

LIU Ge, ZHAO Hengqian, HUANGFU Xiadan, FU Hancong, WANG Pan, XU Fei, HAN Tian. Spatiotemporal evolution of long-term vegetation NPP in Ordos based on GEE[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(2): 299-311.

图/表 15

图1

表1

图2

表2

不同土地覆盖类型的最大光能利用率"

土地覆盖类型	最大光能利用率 $ε m a x$ /(g C·MJ^-1)
常绿针叶林	0.389
常绿阔叶林	0.985
落叶针叶林	0.485
落叶阔叶林	0.692
灌木	0.429
其他	0.542

表2

表3

Mann-Kendall检验趋势类别"

$S e n i j$	$Z$	趋势类别	趋势特征
$S e n i j 0$	$Z 2.58$	4	极显著增加
	$1.96 Z ≤ 2.58$	3	显著增加
	$1.65 Z ≤ 1.96$	2	微显著增加
	$Z ≤ 1.65$	1	不显著增加
$S e n i j = 0$	$Z ∈ R$	0	无变化
$S e n i j 0$	$Z ≤ 1.65$	-1	不显著减少
	$1.65 Z ≤ 1.96$	-2	微显著减少
	$1.96 Z ≤ 2.58$	-3	显著减少
	$Z 2.58$	-4	极显著减少

表3

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

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数据	所选产品	时间分辨率	空间分辨率
土地利用数据	MCD12Q1 V6.1 IGBP分类系统	1 a	500 m
PAR数据	MCD18C2 V6.1	3 h	500 m
FPAR数据	MOD15A2H V6.1	8 d	500 m
气象数据	ECMWF ERA5-Land	30 d	11132 m
蒸散量数据	MOD16A2 V6	8 d	500 m
验证数据	MOD17A3HGF V6.1	8 d	500 m