竞争对辽宁西北部樟子松人工固沙林树高生长的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.01.18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以辽宁省章古台地区樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)人工固沙林为研究对象,依据立地一致性原则,从未经抚育的樟子松人工固沙幼龄林(10 a)和成熟林(40 a)中各选出4块林分密度不同的标准地〔A代表幼龄林,林分密度分别为975(A1)、1 175(A2)、1 425(A3)、1 625(A4)株·hm^-2;B代表成熟林,林分密度分别为350(B1)、750(B2)、1 200(B3)、2 975(B4)株·hm^-2〕,采用正态分布检验和方差分析法评估竞争对樟子松固沙林树高生长的影响。结果表明:10 a和40 a林龄的樟子松固沙林个体树高均服从正态分布,其中10 a林分林木个体树高分布均为左偏,偏度系数(g₁)为A1<A4<A3<A2<0,峰度系数(g₂)为A4<A2<A3<A1<0,竞争强度为1 425株·hm^-2的林木个体树高和林分平均高达到最大,且与975、1 175株·hm^-2差异显著,但与1 625株·hm^-2无显著差异;40 a林龄的标准地林木个体树高分布的g₁为B1<B2<B3<0<B4,g₂为B3<B4<B2<0<B1,竞争强度为750株·hm^-2的林木个体树高和林分平均高均最大,且与350、1 200株·hm^-2差异显著。因此,章古台樟子松人工固沙林在自疏之前,林分密度保持在1 425株·hm^-2左右比较合适;人工固沙林在成熟阶段时,通过适当疏伐,使密度保持在750株·hm^-2左右,可以使林木个体树高和林分平均高度达到最大。

关键词: 竞争, 樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica), 人工固沙林, 树高生长

Abstract: In forest,competition intensity can be expressed with the total basal area of breast-height or the number of trees per hectare as the degree of crowding neighboring trees.Competition plays a very important role in forest composition,structure and function,it influences the individual survival,population dynamics and physiological process of forest directly or indirectly.In this study,the goal was to determine a reasonable range of competition among individuals for the forest management and the research objective.The Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantations planted on sandy land in the Zhanggutai area,Liaoning Province were focused on,where the average annual precipitation was 518.24 mm during the period of 2005-2015.Four sample plots with different stand density were separately selected from the young P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantations (10 a) and the mature ones (40 a),the densities in A1,A2,A3 and A4 were 975,1 175,1 425 and 1 625 plants per hectare in the young forest,and those in B1,B2,B3 and B4 were 350,750,1 200 and 2 975 plants per hectare in the mature forest,respectively.The effects of competition on tree height growth of P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantations on sandy land were assessed with the methods of normality test and variance analysis.The results showed that the tree height of individuals met the normal distribution (α≤0.05) in young P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantations (10 a) and mature ones (40 a) on sandy land,meanwhile,the tree height of individuals met the normal distribution (α≤0.05) in eight different stand density sample plots.The distribution curves of individual tree height of all 10 a stand age sample plots were left skewed,the coefficient of skewness (g₁) was in an order of A1<A4<A3<A2<0,and the kurtosis coefficient (g₂) was in an order of A4<A2<A3<A1<0.Both the individual tree height and average tree height reached the maximums in competition of 1 425 plants per hectare.Moreover,there were significant differences between competition 1 175 plants per hectare and competition 975 plants per hectare but not in competition 1 625 plants per hectare (P≤0.05).The value of the skewness (g₁) kept an order of B1<B2<B3<0<B4,and the kurtosis coefficient (g₂) was in an order of B3<B4<B2<0<B1 in stand density.

Key words: competition, Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica, sand-fixation plantation forest, tree height growth

雷泽勇, 周晏平, 赵国军, 张岩松, 于德良. 竞争对辽宁西北部樟子松人工固沙林树高生长的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(1): 144-149.

LEI Ze-yong, ZHOU Yan-ping, ZHAO Guo-jun, ZHANG Yan-song, YU De-liang. Effects of Competition on Tree Height Growth of Sand-fixation Plantations of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica in Northwest Liaoning Province[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(1): 144-149.

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