干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 43-49.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.01.06

• 水土资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

梯度扩散薄膜技术在干旱区土壤中原位测定磷素的方法及其应用

哈丽哈什·依巴提1,2, 李青军1,2, 张炎1,2   

  1. 1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830091;
    2.农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-03 修回日期:2017-04-24 出版日期:2018-01-15 发布日期:2025-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 李青军.E-mail:gyqc@163.com
  • 作者简介:哈丽哈什·依巴提(1987-),女,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事植物营养与施肥方面的研究.E-mail:harlhax10@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41161039)和农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题 (25107020-201601) 资助

Method and Application of Situ-measuring Soil Phosphorus in Arid Area Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Film(DGT)

Harlhax Yibat1,2, LI Qing-jun1,2, ZHANG Yan1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water-saving Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Desert Oasis Region,Ministry of Agriculture,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China
  • Received:2017-03-03 Revised:2017-04-24 Published:2018-01-15 Online:2025-11-16

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摘要： 薄膜扩散梯度技术(diffusive gradients in thin films technique, DGT)是近年来广泛应用于水体、沉积物和土壤中有效态元素生物有效性研究的一种新技术,为确定测定土壤磷素生物有效性的DGT最佳测试条件以及肥料磷在土壤中迁移特性,采用盆栽试验,分析了土壤与DGT作用时间、环境温度、土壤相对含水量对DGT测定的磷素生物有效性影响,并利用DGT测定肥料磷在表面撒施和滴施(4种土壤类型:潮土、灌淤土、灰漠土和草甸土)方式下土壤剖面的迁移规律。结果表明:DGT-P随土壤与DGT作用时间(0~24 h)的增加而增加,在24 h后趋于稳定;DGT-P随土壤相对含水量(20%~100%)的增加而增加,在含水量为80%~100%时最大,当相对含水量增加到120%时,DGT-P则降低;DGT-P随环境温度的增加而增加,在25 ℃后趋于稳定。与表面撒施处理相比,滴施可以增加5~15 cm肥料磷的分布。而滴施处理的磷的移动性也受到土壤类型和质地的影响,在草甸土(71%砂粒)上运移性较大,在潮土(46.65%砂粒)上运移性较小。总之,DGT测定的土壤磷素生物有效性最佳测试条件为土壤与DGT作用时间在24 h,土壤相对含水量为80%~100%,环境温度25 ℃,磷肥滴施优于表面撒施,滴施的磷肥能够迁移到更深的土层。

关键词: 梯度扩散薄膜技术(DGT), 土壤磷素, 生物有效性, 磷迁移

Abstract: The performance of diffusive gradient in Thin Film Technique (DGT) for the situ-accumulation of bioavailable elements in natural waters,sediments and soil was investigated in recent years,it could represent the in-situ state of soil solution,the nutrient elements were not changed in the process of sampling and extracting susceptible interferences,and the elements of effective supply of plants could be represented. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of environment factors on the migration and bioavailability of DGT in soil after phosphate fertilizer was applied. Pot experiments were performed to study the influence of time,temperature and relative soil moisture content on the bioavailable phosphorus. The mobility of phosphate fertilizer in 4 soil types including alluvial soil,anthropogenic-alluvia soil,gray desert soil and meadow soil was determined throughout the surface dressing and drip fertigation using DGT. Results showed that DGT-P was increased with the time (0 hour and 24 hours) and tended to be stable after 24 hours. DGT-P was increased with the increase of relative soil moisture content from 20% to 100%,and the highest DGT-P content was found when the relative soil moisture content varied in a range of 80%-100%. In addition,DGT-P tended to increase with the increase of temperature,and it became stable when the temperature was higher than 25 ℃. Compared with surface dressing,drip fertigation of phosphate fertilizer could be used to increase the DGT-P content in soil layer of 10-15 cm in depth. The migration of DGT-P content was also affected by soil types and texture,the highest migration of phosphorus occurred in meadow soil (71% sand),and the lowest one in alluvial soil (46.65% sand). Our present study indicated that the DGT technique can be successfully used in measuring soil bioavailable phosphorus in 24 hours under the conditions of relative soil moisture content of 80%-100% and temperature of 25 ℃. It was also found that,compared with surface dressing,drip fertigation of phosphate fertilizer could be used to increase the migration of phosphorus.

Key words: diffusive gradients in thin films technique(DGT), bioavailable phosphorus, phosphorus mobility