干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 961-965.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2016.05.07

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同粒径沙粒胶结体覆盖对地表风蚀和输沙率抑制效应的风洞模拟

周杰1,2,3,4, 王海峰1, 李生宇1, 刘志辉2, 袁鑫鑫1,3, 樊瑞静1,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2.新疆大学资源与环境学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
    4.新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测试验站,新疆 策勒 848300
  • 收稿日期:2015-10-22 修回日期:2015-12-11 出版日期:2016-09-15 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 作者简介:周杰(1985-),男,博士研究生,主要从事风沙地貌及荒漠化防治研究.E-mail:desert_zhoujie@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地垄间平地沙粒胶结体对沙面蚀积过程的影响及作用机制”(41571011)和国家自然科学基金项目(41571498)资助

Wind-tunnel Simulation on the Effects of Sand Cemented Bodies with Different Sizes on Surface Wind Erosion and Windblown Sand Discharge

ZHOU Jie1,2,3,4, WANG Hai-feng1, LI Sheng-yu1, LIU Zhi-hui2, YUAN Xin-xin1,3, FAN Rui-jing1,3   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. Qira National Station for Desert-grassland Ecosystem Observation & Research, Qira 848300, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2015-10-22 Revised:2015-12-11 Published:2016-09-15 Online:2025-12-01

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摘要： 沙粒胶结体(sand cemented bodies,缩写为SCB)是由众多沙粒胶结而成的大颗粒物质,广泛分布于塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地部分垄间地表。通过风洞实验测定了不同风速下不同粒径沙粒胶结体覆盖对沙床面的土壤风蚀率和输沙率变化的影响。结果表明:风速和粒径是影响SCB覆盖沙床面风蚀率的主要因素。在一定的风力条件下,风蚀率随沙粒胶结体粒径的增加呈指数递减变化,在一定的胶结体覆盖度下,风蚀率随风速增加而增大,且粒径越大风蚀率随风速的增加而增大的趋势更为明显;风速不是影响地表输沙率的主要因素,胶结体粒径在一定程度上对输沙率的影响起主导作用。随着胶结体粒径的增加,沙粒在胶结体覆盖床面产生上升过程,且输沙率随粒径的增加而增大,胶结体覆盖对输沙率的抑制作用主要体现在胶结体覆盖的密度效应上,密度越小输沙率越高。即同一盖度下的胶结体颗粒物,大粒径的胶结体较小粒径胶结体沙床面分布密度、数量都相对较小。因此,大粒径胶结体地表输沙率相对较大。不同粒度范围的胶结体覆盖沙床面表现出不同的风蚀和输沙率抑制效应,依次为:2~3 mm<3~5 mm<5~7 mm<7~10 mm<10 mm。

关键词: 沙粒胶结体, 粒径, 风蚀率, 输沙率, 颗粒密度

Abstract: Sand cemented bodies (SCB) were extensively distributed in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert. In this study, the effects of SCB with different sizes on restraining aeolian erosion and windblown sand discharge were researched by wind tunnel simulation. Results showed that wind velocity and SCB size were the main factors affecting aeolian erosion. Under certain wind conditions, aeolian erosion restraint rate was decreased exponentially with the increase of SCB size. Under a certain SCB coverage, wind erosion rate was increased with the increase of wind velocity, and the bigger the SCB size was, the more obvious the increase trend of wind erosion with the increase of wind velocity would be. SCB size was the dominant factor affecting the surface windblown sand discharge, but not wind velocity. With the increase of SCB size, there was a rising process of sand grains on the SCB mulch bed, and the windblown sand discharge was increased with the increase of SCB size. The effect of SCB mulch bed in restraining the windblown sand discharge was mainly reflected by SCB density, and the lower the coverage was, the higher the windblown sand discharge would be. At the same SCB coverage, the distribution density and number of the large-sized SCB were lower than those of small-sized SCB. Therefore, the surface windblown sand discharge was relatively high. The restraint of SCB with different sizes to wind erosion and windblown sand discharge was in an order of 2-3 mm<3-5 mm<5-7 mm<7-10 mm<10 mm.

Key words: sand cemented body, particle size, aeolian erosion rate, windblown sand discharge, particle density