Floristic characteristics of the genus Allium Linnaeus in Xinjiang, China
Received date: 2021-10-15
Revised date: 2022-01-12
Online published: 2022-03-30
The Allium Linnaeus is an important plant resource of great value with many species. It is situated in Central Asia and the hinterland of the Eurasian continent. Xinjiang of China harbors a wide plant diversity of Allium Linnaeus. To probe into the plant resources and the floristic characteristics of Allium Linnaeus in Xinjiang Province, combining and verifying monographs, literature, bibliographies with specimens from this genus can provide some profound support and outline for taxonomy, classification, biodiversity conservation as well as proper and sound utilization of Allium plants. We hope this study can help further research into this genus (Allium Linnaeus). Based on previous and present references, studies, records, and information about Allium Linnaeus, Allium plants from Xinjiang Province comprise about 58 species, 1 subspecies, 2 varieties, and 6 cultivated species. The floristic characteristics of Allium Linnaeus in Xinjiang Province are summarized as follows: (1) Allium plants of Xinjiang Province are mainly distributed in the Tianshan Mountains, Ili, Tacheng, Altay, and Kashgar, with most of them inhabiting the deserts, steppes, the dry slopes, gravel grounds, mountains, alps, and forest floor (or forests). (2) In terms of the areal-types of geographical elements, the II C5b elements (the Junggar subregion, of the temperate desert) has the largest percentage composition, followed by the I A2 (the Altay region), II C5a (the Tacheng-Ili subregion), I A3 (the Tianshan region), II C6c (the Kashgar subregion). (3) From the perspective of the vegetation regionalization of Xinjiang, the Allium plant species in the vegetation provinces with the IB1, IIA2, IIA1, IIB3 make up most vegetation regionalization types in Xinjiang; the IIB1, IA1, IIB2 follow this; and with a relatively few occurrences in the vegetation province II B4, I C1. (4) Both horizontal distribution and vertical distribution of Allium Linnaeus in Xinjiang are differentiated. (5) The common Allium species in Xinjiang and the adjacent countries (especially in Kazakhstan and Russia) were significantly more than other neighbouring regions. Also, the number of the common Allium species presented a slight distinction. It indicated a higher similarity in the common Allium species among Kazakhstan, Russia, and Xinjiang of China, reflecting the distinctive connection, exchange, interrelation, and affinity with other neighboring floristic components. Henceforth, holistic, comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and sufficient research integrating with molecular phylogeny (phylofloristics), phylogenetic, evolutionary processes, history, and information (historical floristic phytogeography), phylogenetics, and molecular biogeography are proposed.
ZHANG Qiaoguan,ZHANG Daoyuan,LIU Huiliang . Floristic characteristics of the genus Allium Linnaeus in Xinjiang, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022 , 39(2) : 522 -540 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.02.20
| [1] | Fondo Albrecht von Haller, Alberti Halleri D. De Allii Genere Naturali Libellus[M]. Gottingae: Typis A. Vandenhoeck, 1745. |
| [2] | Carolus Linnaeus, Lars Salvius. Species Plantarum(ed. 1, Vol. 1)[M]. Holmiae: Impensis Laurentii Salvii, 1753:294-302. |
| [3] | Alexey P Seregin, Goran Anačkov, Nikolai Friesen. Molecular and morphological revision of the Allium saxatile group ( Amaryllidaceae): Geographical isolation as the driving force of underestimated speciation[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 178(1):67-101. |
| [4] | Gregory M, Fritsch R M, Friesen N, et al. Nomenclator Alliorum: Allium Names and Synonyms-A World Guide[M]. Richmond: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1998. |
| [5] | Stearn W T. How many species of Allium are known?[J]. Curtis’S Botanical Magazine, 1992, 9(4):180-182. |
| [6] | Don G. A Monograph of the Genus Allium(Vol. 6)[M]. Edinburgh: Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, 1827. |
| [7] | Regel E. Alliorum Adhuc Cognitorum Monographia[M]. St. Petersburg: Trudy Imperatorskago S-Peterburgskago Botaniceskago Sada. Acta Horti Petropolitani, 1875. |
| [8] | Shigyo M, Khar A, Abdelrahman M. The Allium Genomes[M]. Cham: Springer: 2018: 11. |
| [9] | Van Raamsdonk L W D, De Vries T. Biosystematic studies in Allium L. section Cepa[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1992, 109(1):131-143. |
| [10] | Friesen N, Fritsch R M, Blattner F R. Phylogeny and new intrageneric classification of Allium (Alliaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences[J]. Aliso, 2006, 22(1):372-395. |
| [11] | Ricroch A, Yockteng R, Brown S C, et al. Evolution of genome size across some cultivated Allium species[J]. Genome, 2005, 48(3):511-520. |
| [12] | Fritsch R M, Friesen N. Evolution, domestication and taxonomy[C]//Rabinowitch H D, Currah L. Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances. Oxfordshire: CABI Publishing, 2002. |
| [13] | Fritsch R M, Blattner F R, Gurushidze M. New classification of Allium L. subg. melanocrommyum (Webb & Berthel) Rouy (Alliaceae) based on molecular and morphological characters[J]. Phyton, 2010, 49(2):145-220. |
| [14] | Wheeler E J, Mashayekhi S, McNeal D W, et al. Molecular systematics of Allium subgenus Amerallium (Amaryllidaceae) in North America[J]. American Journal of Botany, 2013, 100(4):701-711. |
| [15] | Huang D Q, Yang J T, Zhou C J, et al. Phylogenetic reappraisal of Allium subgenus Cyathophora (Amaryllidaceae) and related taxa, with a proposal of two new sections[J]. Journal of Plant Research, 2014, 127(2):275-286. |
| [16] | Nguyen N H, Driscoll H E, Specht C D. A molecular phylogeny of the wild onions (Allium; Alliaceae) with a focus on the western North American center of diversity[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2008, 47(3):1157-1172. |
| [17] | Bogdanović S, Brullo S, Galdo G G del, et al. A new autumn-flowering species of Allium (Alliaceae) from Croatia[J]. Folia Geobotanica, 2009, 44(1):83-93. |
| [18] | Xie D F, Tan J B, Yu Y, et al. Insights into phylogeny, age and evolution of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) based on the whole plastome sequences[J]. Annals of Botany, 2020, 125(7):1039-1055. |
| [19] | Choi H J, Oh B U. A partial revision of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) in Korea and north-eastern China[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 167(2):153-211. |
| [20] | De Wilde-Duyfjes BEE. A Revision of the Genus Allium L. (Liliaceae) in Africa[M]. Wageningen: Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen, 1976. |
| [21] | Mathew B. A Review of Allium Section Allium[M]. Richmond: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1996. |
| [22] | Li Q Q, Zhou S D, He X J, et al. Phylogeny and biogeography of Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Allieae) based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast rps16 sequences, focusing on the inclusion of species endemic to China[J]. Annals of Botany, 2010, 106(5):709-733. |
| [23] | Xu J M, Kamelin R V. Allium L. In: Wu Z Y, & Raven P H. (Eds. ), Flora of China(Vol. 24)[M]. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 2000: 165-202. |
| [24] | De Sarker D, Johnson M A T, Reynolds A, et al. Cytology of the highly polyploidy disjunct species, Allium dregeanum (Alliaceae), and of some Eurasian relatives[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1997, 124(4):361-373. |
| [25] | Fay M F, Chase M W. Resurrection of Themidaceae for the Brodiaea alliance, and recircumscription of Alliaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Agapanthoideae[J]. Taxon, 1996, 45(3):441-451. |
| [26] | Takhtajan A L. Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants[M]. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997. |
| [27] | Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003, 141(4):399-436. |
| [28] | Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, 181(1):1-20. |
| [29] | 中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志: 第十四卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1980: 170-272. |
| [29] | [Flora of China Editorial Committee. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae: Volume 14[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1980: 170-272. ] |
| [30] | 傅立国, 陈潭清, 郎楷永, 等. 中国高等植物: 第十三卷[M]. 青岛: 青岛出版社, 2002: 139-173. |
| [30] | [ Fu Liguo, Chen Tanqing, Lang Kaiyong, et al. Higher Plants of China: Volume 13[M]. Qingdao: Qingdao Press, 2002: 139-173. ] |
| [31] | 新疆植物志编辑委员会. 新疆植物志: 第六卷[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆科技卫生出版社, 1996: 519-554. |
| [31] | [Commissione Redactorum Florae Xinjiangensis. Flora Xinjiangensis: Tomus 6[M]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Science, Technology and Hygiene Publishing House, 1996: 519-554. ] |
| [32] | 新疆植物志编辑委员会. 新疆植物志·简本[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版总社 & 新疆科学技术出版社, 2014: 774-783. |
| [32] | [Commissione Redactorum Florae Xinjiangensis. Flora Xinjiangensis(the Brief Edition)[M]. Urumqi: Xinjiang People’s Publishing House & Xinjiang Science and Technology Press, 2014: 774-783. ] |
| [33] | 刘建涛, 王杉, 张维民, 等. 葱属植物生物活性物质的研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2007, 28(4):348-350. |
| [33] | [ Liu Jiantao, Wang Shan, Zhang Weimin, et al. Review on research progress of bioactive constituents in Allium Species[J]. Food Science, 2007, 28(4):348-350. ] |
| [34] | 徐翠翠, 朱云峰, 金少瑾, 等. 葱属植物功能性成分免疫调节作用研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(9):332-337. |
| [34] | [ Xu Cuicui, Zhu Yunfeng, Jin Shaojin, et al. Recent progress in immunoregulatory effects of functional ingredients in Allium species[J]. Food Science, 2020, 41(9):332-337. ] |
| [35] | 于晶, 温荣欣, 闫庆鑫, 等. 葱属植物活性物质及其生理功能研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(7):255-265. |
| [35] | [ Yu Jing, Wen Rongxin, Yan Qingxin, et al. Bioactive constituents of Allium and their physiological functions: A review[J]. Food Science, 2020, 41(7):255-265. ] |
| [36] | 朱云峰, 徐翠翠, 金少瑾, 等. 葱属植物中的生物活性物质及功效研究进展[J]. 食品工业科技, 2019, 40(13):270-276, 282. |
| [36] | [ Zhu Yunfeng, Xu Cuicui, Jin Shaojin, et al. Research progress on bioactive substances and efficacy of Allium plants[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2019, 40(13):270-276, 282. ] |
| [37] | Kamenetsky R, London Shafir I, Khassanov F, et al. Diversity in fertility potential and organo-sulphur compounds among garlics from Central Asia[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2005, 14(2):281-295. |
| [38] | 林辰壹. 新疆葱属植物资源研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2010. |
| [38] | [ Lin Chenyi, Plant Resource of Allium L. from Xinjiang[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2010. ] |
| [39] | 龙雅宜. 初赏葱属观赏花卉[J]. 中国花卉盆景, 2006(1):2-4. |
| [39] | [ Long Yayi. Primary Appreciation of Ornamental Allium Flowers[J]. China Flower and Penjing, 2006(1):2-4. ] |
| [40] | 潘晓玲, 党荣理, 伍光和. 西北干旱荒漠区植物区系地理与资源利用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2001: 235. |
| [40] | [ Pan Xiaoling, Dang Rongli, Wu Guanghe. Floristic Geography and Resource Utilization in West-North Desert of China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2001: 235. ] |
| [41] | 胡长青, 邓颖莲, 樊磊虎. 内蒙古野生葱属植物资源的开发利用与保护[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2007, 26(6):30-31. |
| [41] | [ Hu Changqing, Deng Yinglian, Fan Leihu. Utilization and conservation of wild plant resources from Allium L. in Inner Mongolia[J] Chinese Wild Plant Resources, 2007, 26(6):30-31. ] |
| [42] | 包萨如拉. 内蒙古野生葱属(Allium L. )植物的民族植物学研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古师范大学, 2007. |
| [42] | [ Pausaru Ra. Ethnobotanical Study on Wild Plants of Allium L. in Inner Mongolia[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Normal University, 2007. ] |
| [43] | 哈斯巴根, 裴盛基. 内蒙古草地葱属植物的民族植物学研究[J]. 中国草地, 1999(5):42-47. |
| [43] | [ Hasi Bagen, Pei Shengji. Ethnobotanical study on Allium L. in Grassland of Inner Mongolia[J]. Grassland of China, 1999(5):42-47. ] |
| [44] | 林德佩, 崔乃然. 新疆葱属(Allium L.)植物种质资源[J]. 八一农学院学报, 1984(1):52-54. |
| [44] | [ Lin Depei, Cui Nairan. Germplasm resources of Allium L. in Xinjiang, China[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University, 1984(1):52-54. ] |
| [45] | 李琴琴. 中国葱属(Allium L. )食用植物资源种类的调查研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2015, 43(13):7-11. |
| [45] | [ Li Qinqin. Study on edible plant resources species of Allium L. in China[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 43(13):7-11. ] |
| [46] | 瓦维洛夫. 主要栽培植物的世界起源中心[M]. 董玉琛译. 许运天校. 北京: 农业出版社, 1982. |
| [46] | [ Vavilov N I. World Origin Center of Main Cultivated Plants[M]. Translated by Dong Yuchen. Calibrated by Xu Yuntian. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1982. ] |
| [47] | 刘瑛心, 杨喜林, 姚育英, 等. 中国沙漠植物志: 第一卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1985: 204-215. |
| [47] | [ Liu Yingxin, Yang Xilin, Yao Yuying, et al. Flora in Desertis Reipublicae Populorum Sinarum: Tomus 1[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1985: 204-215. ] |
| [48] | 李小明. 新疆植被分布规律与水热关系初探[J]. 干旱区研究, 1988, 5(2):41-46. |
| [48] | [ Li Xiaoming. Preliminary studies of the relationship between vegetation distributional pattern and water-heat conditions in Xinjiang, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 1988, 5(2):41-46. ] |
| [49] | 关颖, 朱翊. 基于空间分析的区域地质灾害点的分布特征研究——以新疆为例[J]. 测绘工程, 2016, 25(9):15-19. |
| [49] | [ Guan Ying, Zhu Yi. A study of the distribution characteristics of regional geological hazards based on spatial analysis: A case of Xinjiang[J]. Engineering of Surveying and Mapping, 2016, 25(9):15-19. ] |
| [50] | 安尼瓦尔·买买提, 杨元合, 郭兆迪, 等. 新疆草地植被的地上生物量[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 42(4):521-526. |
| [50] | [ Mohammat Anwar, Yang Yuanhe, Guo Zhaodi, et al. Grassland aboveground biomass in Xinjiang[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2006, 42(4):521-526. ] |
| [51] | 李超, 刘怀, 郭文超, 等. 降水对新疆马铃薯甲虫分布的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(8):2348-2354. |
| [51] | [ Li Chao, Liu Huai, Guo Wenchao, et al. Effects of precipitation on the distribution of colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, in Xinjiang[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(8):2348-2354. ] |
| [52] | 中国科学院新疆综合考察队, 中国科学院植物研究所. 新疆植被及其利用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1978: 23-24. |
| [52] | [The Comprehensive Expedition to Xinjiang, Academia Sinica & Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science. The Vegetation and its Utilization in Xinjiang, China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1978: 23-24. ] |
| [53] | 杜加强, 贾尔恒·阿哈提, 赵晨曦, 等. 1982—2012年新疆植被NDVI的动态变化及其对气候变化和人类活动的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(12):3567-3578. |
| [53] | [ Du Jiaqiang, Jiaerheng Ahati, Zhao Chenxi, et al. Dynamic changes in vegetation NDVI from 1982 to 2012 and its responses to climate change and human activities in Xinjiang, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(12):3567-3578. ] |
| [54] | 中国科学院新疆综合考察队, 中国科学院植物研究所. 新疆植被及其利用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1978: 75. |
| [54] | [The Comprehensive Expedition to Xinjiang, Academia Sinica & Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science. The Vegetation and its Utilization in Xinjiang, China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1978: 75. ] |
| [55] | 尹林克, 张娟. 新疆植物种质资源多样性及其迁地保护[C]// 中国植物学会七十周年年会论文摘要汇编(1933-2003). 2003:265-266. |
| [55] | [ Yin Linke, Zhang Juan. Biodiversity and ex situ conservation of plant resources in Xinjiang[C]// Summary Compilation of the Seventieth Anniversary Meeting of the Chinese Botanical Society(from 1933 to 2003). 2003:265-266. ] |
| [56] | 冯缨, 潘伯荣. 新疆特有种植物区系及生态学研究[J]. 云南植物研究, 2004, 26(2):183-188. |
| [56] | [ Feng Ying, Pan Borong. Study on floristic and ecology of species endemic to Xinjiang[J]. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 2004, 26(2):183-188. ] |
| [57] | 国家科技基础条件平台. 中国国家标本资源共享平台(NSII)[DB/OL]. http://nsii.org.cn/2017/query.php? |
| [57] | [National Science & Technology Infrastructure. Chinese National Specimen Information Infrastructure(NSII)[DB/OL]. http://nsii.org.cn/2017/query.php? ] |
| [58] | 国家科技基础条件平台. 中国数字植物标本馆(CVH)[DB/OL]. |
| [58] | [National Science & Technology Infrastructure. Chinese Virtual Herbarium(CVH)[DB/OL]. ] |
| [59] | 陆峻峮. 新疆葱属野生植物资源[J]. 新疆农业科学, 1995(6):264-267. |
| [59] | [ Lu Junqun. Wild Allium Plant Resources in Xinjiang, China[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 1995(6):264-267. ] |
| [60] | 吴征镒, 孙航, 周浙昆, 等. 中国种子植物区系地理[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2011: 52-108. |
| [60] | [ Wu Zhengyi, Sun Hang, Zhou Zhekun, et al. Floristics of Seed Plants from China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2011: 52-108. ] |
| [61] | 张佃民, 刘晓云, 刘速. 新疆植被区划的新方案[J]. 干旱区研究, 1990, 7(1):1-10. |
| [61] | [ Zhang Dianmin, Liu Xiaoyun, Liu Su. A new scheme of the vegetation regionalisation of Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 1990, 7(1):1-10. ] |
| [62] | 青海植物志编辑委员会. 青海植物志: 第四卷[M]. 西宁: 青海人民出版社, 1999: 266-276. |
| [62] | [Editorial Committee of Flora Qinghaiica. Flora Qinghaiica: Volume 4[M]. Xining: Qinghai People’s Publishing House, 1999: 266-276. ] |
| [63] | 中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队 & 吴征镒. 西藏植物志: 第五卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987: 550-562. |
| [63] | [The Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Academia Sinica & Wu Chengyi,. Flora Xizangica: Volume 5[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1987: 550-562. ] |
| [64] | Vvedensky A I. Sem. Amaryllidaceae[M]. Moskva-Leningrad: Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1963: 290-370. |
| [65] | Fritsch R. Dopolneniek T. II[M]. Leningrad: Nauka, 1991: 476-480. |
| [66] | Nikitina E V, Kashchenko L I. Allium L. - Luk[M]. Frunze: Izd. KirgizFAN SSSR, 1951: 50-96. |
| [67] | Nikitina E V, Aidarova R S, Arbaeva Z S, et al. Flora Kirgizskoj SSR. Dopolnenie, vyp. 1[M]. Frunze: Izd. ILIM, 1967: 149. |
| [68] | Pavlov N V, Polyakov P P. Genus Allium L.[M]. Alma-Ata: Izdat. Akad. Nauk Kazakhsk. SSR, 1958: 134-193. |
| [69] | Vvedensky A I. Luk-Allium L.[M]. Leningrad: Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1935: 112-280. |
| [70] | Bobrov E G, Tzvelev N N. Flora of the USSR (Alphabetical Indexes to Volumes Ⅰ-ⅩⅩⅩ)[M]. Enfield, NH: Science Publishers Inc., 2004: 11-14. |
| [71] | Grubov V I. Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia[M]. Leningrad: Leningrad Branch. Nauka SSR, 1982: 61-65, 429. |
| [72] | Friesen N. The genus Allium L. in the Flora of Mongolia[J]. Feddes Repertorium, 1995, 106(1-2):59-81. |
| [73] | 中国科学院植物研究所. 中国植物志分省名录FRPS《中国植物志》全文电子版(iPlant)[DB/OL]. http://www.iplant.cn/frps/prov. |
| [73] | [Institute of Botany. the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae(iPlant)[DB/OL]. http://www.iplant.cn/frps/prov. ] |
| [74] | Computer Centre of University of Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. FloraGREIF: Allium-Virtual Flora of Mongolia[DB/OL]. |
| [75] | Sorenson T. A method of establishing groups of equal amplitude in plant sociology based on similarity of species content and its application to analyses of the vegetation on danish commons[J]. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Skrifter, 1948, 5(4):1-34. |
| [76] | Moore J J. An outline of computer-based methods for the analysis of phytosociological data[C]// Tüxen R&van der Maarel E. Grundfragen und Methoden in der Pflanzensoziologie. Vegetio, 1972, 20:1-20. |
| [77] | 张镱锂. 植物区系地理研究中的重要参数-相似性系数[J]. 地理研究, 1998, 17(4):429-434. |
| [77] | [ Zhang Yili. Coefficient of similarity-an important parameter in floristic geography[J]. Geographical Research, 1998, 17(4):429-434. ] |
| [78] | 李锡文. 中国种子植物区系统计分析[J]. 云南植物研究, 1996, 18(4):363-384. |
| [78] | [ Li Xiwen. Floristic statistics and analyses of seed plants from China[J]. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 1996, 18(4):363-384. ] |
| [79] | Block E. Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science[M]. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010. |
| [80] | 冯缨, 严成, 尹林克. 新疆植物特有种及其分布[J]. 西北植物学报, 2003, 23(2):263-273. |
| [80] | [ Feng Ying, Yan Cheng, Yin Linke. The endemic species and distribution in Xinjiang[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2003, 23(2):263-273. ] |
| [81] | Huang D Q, Zhen A G, Zhu X X. Allium yingshanense, a new species from the Dabie Mountains (east-central China), and taxonomic remarks on the related species[J]. Phytotaxa, 2021, 498(4):227-241. |
| [82] | 陆峻峮, 白玉亭, 马盾, 等. 新疆天山葱属野生植物多样性的研究[C]//国际生物多样性计划中国委员会. 面向21世纪的中国生物多样性保护-第三届全国生物多样性保护与持续利用研讨会论文集. 北京: 气象出版社, 1998: 192-197. |
| [82] | [ Lu Junqun, Bai Yuting, Ma Dun, et al. The diversity of wild plant of Allium In Tian-Shan Mountains, Xinjiang[C]//CNCDIVERSITAS. For Chinese Biodiversity Conservation in the 21stCentury-Symposium Books of the Third Seminar on Chinese Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 1998: 192-197. ] |
| [83] | 武素功, 费勇, 夏榆, 等. 喀喇昆仑山-昆仑山植物区系的一般特征及植物资源的保护与开发利用[J]. 自然资源学报, 1990, 5(4):376-382. |
| [83] | [ Wu Sugong, Fei Yong, Xia Yu, et al. The general characteristics of the flora of the Karakorum-Kunlun mountains and the conservation, exploitation and utilization of the plant resources[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 1990, 5(4):376-382. ] |
| [84] | 梁娜, 安沙舟, 吐尔逊娜依·热依木. 新疆与塔吉克斯坦帕米尔高原植物区系的对比分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2015, 52(10):1909-1916. |
| [84] | [ Liang Na, An Shazhou, Tuerxunnayi Reyimu. Comparative analysis of floristic phytogeography of seed plants between Pamirs plateau of Xinjiang and Tajikistan[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 52(10):1909-1916. ] |
| [85] | 张高. 新疆中天山野生种子植物区系及植被研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆师范大学, 2013. |
| [85] | [ Zhang Gao. Study of The Flora of Wild Seed Plants and Vegetatio in the Middle Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Normal University, 2013. ] |
| [86] | 海鹰. 新疆昆仑山中段北坡植物区系研究[J]. 新疆师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 28(4):7-12. |
| [86] | [ Hai Ying. A study of the flora on the middle part of the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2009, 28(4):7-12. ] |
| [87] | 闻志彬, 冯缨. 新疆猪毛菜属植物多样性及其地理分布特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(1):188-190. |
| [87] | [ Wen Zhibin, Feng Ying. Biodiversity and geographical distribution of the genus Salsola L. in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(1):188-190. ] |
| [88] | 刘彬, 布买丽娅木·吐如汗, 艾比拜姆·克热木, 等. 新疆天山南坡中段种子植物区系垂直分布格局分析[J]. 植物科学学报, 2018, 36(2):191-202. |
| [88] | [ Liu Bin, Bumaryam Turuhan, Aibibaimu Keremu, et al. Vertical distribution patterns of the seed plant flora in the middle section on the southern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, China[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2018, 36(2):191-202. ] |
| [89] | 沈泽昊, 杨明正, 冯建孟, 等. 中国高山植物区系地理格局与环境和空间因素的关系[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(2):182-194. |
| [89] | [ Shen Zehao, Yang Mingzheng, Feng Jianmeng, et al. Geographic patterns of alpine flora in China in relation to environmental and spatial factors[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2017, 25(2):182-194.] |
| [90] | 孙航, 邓涛, 陈永生, 等. 植物区系地理研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(2):111-122. |
| [90] | [ Sun Hang, Deng Tao, Chen Yongsheng, et al. Current research and development trends in floristic geography[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2017, 25(2):111-122.] |
| [91] | 李文军, 管开云, 段士民, 等. 新疆马先蒿属植物区系特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2014, 31(3):536-541. |
| [91] | [ Li Wenjun, Guan Kaiyun, Duan Shimin, et al. Species diversity and geographical distribution of Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae) in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2014, 31(3):536-541. ] |
| [92] | 曹秋梅, 尹林克, 陈艳锋, 等. 阿尔泰山南坡种子植物区系特点分析[J]. 西北植物学报, 2015, 35(7):1460-1469. |
| [92] | [ Cao Qiumei, Yin Linke, Chen Yanfeng, et al. Analysis on characteristics of flora in south slope of Altai Mountain[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2015, 35(7):1460-1469. ] |
| [93] | Fritsch R M. Taxonomy of the genus Allium: Contribution from IPK Gatersleben[J]. Herbertia, 2001, 56:19-50. |
| [94] | Choi H J, Giussani L M, Jang C G, et al. Systematics of disjunct northeastern Asian and northern North American Allium (Amaryllidaceae)[J]. Botany, 2012, 90:491-508. |
| [95] | Li Q Q, Zhou S D, Huang D Q, et al. Molecular phylogeny, divergence time estimates and historical biogeography within one of the world ‘ s largest monocot genera[J]. AoB Plants, 2016, 8:1-17. |
| [96] | Hanelt P, Schulze-Motel J, Fritsch R M, et al. Infrageneric grouping of Allium-the Gatersleben approach, 1992 Hanelt P, Hammer K, Knüpffer oder Knuepffer H. The Genus Allium: Taxonomic Problems and Ge[C]// netic Resources. Proceedings of An International Symposium Held at Gatersleben, Germany, Gatersleben. Germany: Institut für P?anzengenetik und Kulturp?anzenforschung(IPK), 1991: 107-123. |
| [97] | 周春景, 周颂东, 黄德青, 等. 中国葱属根茎组植物15种25居群的核型研究[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 2012, 34(2):120-136. |
| [97] | [ Zhou Chunjing, Zhou Songdong, Huang Deqing, et al. Karyotypes of 25 populations of 15 species in Allium section rhiziridium from China[J]. Plant Diversity and Resources, 2012, 34(2):120-136. ] |
| [98] | Shopova M. The nature and behaviour of supernumerary chromosomes in the Rhiziridium group of the genus Allium[J]. Chromosoma(Berl. ), 1966, 19(2):149-158. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |