干旱区研究

Arid Zone Research >

2021 , Vol. 38 >Issue 4: 939 - 949

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2021.04.05

Water Resources and Utilization

Study on temporal and spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of hydraulic erosion in the middle of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains based on CSLE model

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  • 1. College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    3. General Station Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Monitoring of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2020-11-16

  Revised date: 2021-01-25

  Online published: 2021-08-03

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Abstract

It is of great significance to ecological early warning and soil erosion prevention on mastering the spatial law and driving force of soil water erosion differentiation on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains, which could provide theoretical basis and data support for comprehensive management of regional ecological environment on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains. Taking the mountainous area in the middle of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains as an example, the temporal and spatial pattern characteristics (area, intensity and geographical distribution) of soil hydraulic erosion in the study area from 2000 to 2018 were quantitatively analyzed by means of field investigation, geographic information system, mathematical statistics and geographic detectors, and the internal driving forces of rainfall, topography, soil and vegetation on soil hydraulic erosion intensity were explored by means of geographic detectors based on the Chinese soil loss equation (CSLE). The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2018, the intensity of soil hydraulic erosion in the middle of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains was mainly slight erosion and mild erosion, accounting for 32.34%-40.87% and 33.36%-43.01% of the total area respectively. In recent 20 years, the area of slight and light erosion had a downward trend (-26.70, -77.47 km2·a-1), while the area of other erosion intensities had an upward trend (22.10-30.96 km2·a-1), and the overall soil hydraulic erosion intensity was in an increasing trend. (2) The overall soil erosion modulus was Urumqi > Changji City > Fukang City > Hutubi County > Manas County > Shawan County > Shihezi City. The spatial distribution of erosion intensity in the middle of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains was closely related to rainfall, topography, soil, and vegetation. The soil types were brown calcareous soil, grass felt soil, and chestnut soil. The area with vegetation coverage less than 15%, slope greater than 15° and rainfall in the range of 400-450 mm was a high-risk erosion area. (3) The magnitude of the differentiation was measured by the q value in the factor detector. The greater the q value, the stronger the explanatory power of the influencing factor to the spatial distribution of soil erosion, the rainfall (0.49) > soil type (0.17) > slope (0.11) > vegetation coverage (0.10). Different influencing factors obviously enhanced the spatial heterogeneity of soil erosion through interaction, and the coupling effect of vegetation coverage and rainfall factors made the q value increase greatly. It is of great significance to determine the key control areas of soil erosion for comprehensive soil erosion prevention and control.

Key words： northern slope of Tianshan Mountains; hydraulic erosion; CSLE model; temporal and spatial pattern; geographic detector; influencing factors

Cite this article

CHANG Mengdi,WANG Xinjun,LI Na,YAN Linan,MA Ke,LI Juyan . Study on temporal and spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of hydraulic erosion in the middle of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains based on CSLE model[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021 , 38(4) : 939 -949 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.04.05

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