石羊河下游人工梭梭林健康评价体系构建及应用研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.20

Abstract

Abstract:

A Haloxylon ammodendron forest is a protected ecological forest in a desert area. It not only reduces the impact of wind sand disasters, controls soil erosion, and maintains the ecological stability of desert oasis but also improves soil quality and increases carbon storage of the desert ecosystem. Recently, the H. ammodendron forest has been declining in Minqin. Determining sustainable management of the artificial H. ammodendron forest is critical for the health status and function of wind prevention and sand fixation for this forest over time. In this study, the artificial H. ammodendron forest in the lower reaches of the Shiyang River was selected as the research focus. Through a literature review and expert consultation, a health evaluation system of the artificial H. ammodendron forest with 5 primary indicators and 19 secondary indicators was constructed. Analytic hierarchy process combined with an entropy method was used to determine the weight of each index. Based on the ecological health index (HI) and field survey data, the health status of the artificial H. ammodendron forest was evaluated. Results show the following: the HI value of the artificial H. ammodendron forest in the lower reaches of the Shiyang River is between 0.50 and 0.67; the average comprehensive HI is 0.617, which is in a sub-health state; and to improve the stability of the artificial H. ammodendron forest, we should take measures such as stubble and enclosure.

Key words: the lower reaches of Shiyang River, artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest, construction of evaluation system, analytic hierarchy process, entropy method, sustainable management

LI Xuening,XU Xianying,ZHENG Guiheng,MA Quanlin,ZHANG Yunian,LIU Hujun,ZHAO Peng,YANG Xuemei. A health evaluation of a Haloxylon ammodendron plantation in the Shiyang River lower reaches[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(3): 872-882.

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样地	林龄/a	密度/(株·hm^-2)
龙王庙	30	25
宋河	18	28
治沙站	32	76
勤锋滩	15	55
刘家地	20	38
三角城	20	67
扶拱	12	60
青土湖	15	74

一级指标	权重	二级指标		权重	评价优劣等级
一级指标	权重	二级指标		权重	差(<0.38)	中(0.38~0.62)	好(0.62~1.0)
群落结构	0.2733	乔木	高度/cm	0.0310	<120	120~200	>200
		乔木	冠幅盖度/%	0.0258	<10	10~20	>20
		灌木	高度/cm	0.0258	<25	25~45	>45
		灌木	冠幅盖度/%	0.0206	<25	25~45	>45
		草本	高度/cm	0.0150	<10	10~20	>20
		草本	密度(株·m^–2)	0.0150	<25	25~65	>65
		植被层次结构		0.0361	1	2	3
		物种丰富度指数		0.0320	<10	10~15	>15
		多样性指数		0.0361	<1.5	1.5~2.0	>2.0
		均匀度指数		0.0361	<0.6	0.6~0.8	>0.8
群落功能	0.2326	防风效能		0.0775	<0.5	0.5~1.2	>1.2
		固沙能力/m³		0.0775	20	20~45	>45
		水土保持		0.0775	>0.6	0.3~0.6	<0.3
健康风险	0.1948	枯稍程度		0.0759	>0.6	0.3~0.6	<0.3
		鼠害发生率/%		0.0594	>20	5~20	<5
		病虫害/%		0.0594	>0.6	0.2~0.4	<0.2
生境因子			土壤含水量/%	0.0367	<2	2~4	>4
	0.1638	土壤养分	有机质/%	0.0270	<0.2	0.2~0.4	>0.4
			全氮/%	0.270	<0.01	0.01~0.02	>0.02
			速效磷/[mg·(100g)^-1]	0.0270	<1.0	1~1.2	>1.2
		pH		0.0193	<5或>8	5~6或6~8	6.0~7.5
		地下水位/m		0.0270	>20	15~20	<15
外界干扰	0.1355	人为管护/(次·a^–1)		0.0794	0	1	2
外界干扰	0.1355	人畜破坏/(次·a^–1)		0.0561	>4	2~4	<2

等级	分数阈值	适用范围
A	0.80~1.0	年降雨量达150 mm以上、8级以上大风日一年有60 d,如瓜州、凉州
B	0.75~0.80	降雨量在100~150 mm之间、沙暴日30 d以上,如民勤、甘州等
C	0.70~0.75	降雨量小于100 mm、沙尘暴日在20 d以上,如临泽、山丹等
D	0.65~0.70	极端干旱区,降雨量少于40 mm、大风日在20 d以下,如敦煌、高台等

A health evaluation of a Haloxylon ammodendron plantation in the Shiyang River lower reaches

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