基于负载指数的中蒙俄经济走廊水资源开发潜力评价

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.04.02

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, the data of surface water resources, precipitation, population, and gross domestic product for 43 provincial administrative units in the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor in 2016 were used to systematically analyze the distribution characteristics and development potential of water resources in these regions by calculating the carrying capacity of water resources. We found that there were more surface water resources in the north and east of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor and less in the west and south, with the middle of the area having the least water resources. Provincial administrative units in Russia were rich in surface water resources, accounting for about 95% of the total surface water resources of the economic corridor. These administrative units in Russia were characterized by having a low population, low demand for water resources, low exploitation and utilization, and high potential for water resources development. Regions in Mongolia were relatively rich in surface water resources in the north, with five administrative regions having a water resources carrying capacity of less than one, which indicates potential for development. However, there was a severe shortage of surface water resources found for the southern part of the Mongolia are in the economic corridor. For three northeastern provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, the development potential of water resources is low, as their water resources carrying capacities are more than two due to relatively high population densities and the high demand for water resources. The water resources carrying capacity in these regions was higher than two and had low development potential. From the perspective of optimal regional water allocation, the southern part of Mongolia and the four provinces (autonomous regions) of China are the key areas that require the optimal allocation of water resources. There are opportunities in Russia to solve water shortage problems in other regions of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor. However, as the exploitation of water resources is closely linked to socio-economic development of each area, cooperation over water resources within the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor requires further study.

Key words: China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, spatial distribution characteristics of water resources, water resources development potential, water resources carrying capacity

LI Li,LIU Shiqi,WANG Ping,QIAO Yuan,WANG Tao,WANG Tianye,LI Zehong,Tcogto Bazarzhapov. Evaluation of water resource exploration potential of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor based on carrying capacity[J].Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(4): 910-918.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Statistics on surface water resources, mean annual precipitation, population and GDP in 2016 for the 43 administrative districts of the “China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor”"

编号	国家	行政区	地表水资源量 /10⁸m³	年降水量 /mm	人口 /10⁴人	GDP /10⁸美元
1	蒙古国	鄂尔浑盟	0.05	400	10.18	5.17
2	蒙古国	达尔汗乌勒盟	0.44	297	10.19	1.81
3	蒙古国	乌兰巴托市	7.70	274	144.04	73.21
4	蒙古国	戈壁苏木贝尔盟	0.10	104	1.69	0.39
5	蒙古国	色楞格盟	32.00	310	10.75	2.59
6	蒙古国	中央盟	19.10	268	9.17	2.38
7	蒙古国	中戈壁盟	11.20	147	4.48	1.05
8	蒙古国	肯特盟	66.90	239	7.37	1.55
9	蒙古国	苏赫巴托尔盟	1.40	258	5.98	1.54
10	蒙古国	东戈壁盟	0.50	143	6.65	1.27
11	蒙古国	东方盟	15.10	204	7.76	3.15
12	蒙古国	南戈壁盟	0.38	161	6.33	1.88
13	俄罗斯	马里埃尔共和国	1095.00	596	68.59	23.69
14	俄罗斯	莫尔多瓦共和国	68.00	592	80.74	30.11
15	俄罗斯	鞑靼斯坦共和国	2602.00	521	386.87	288.52
16	俄罗斯	弗拉基米尔州	342.00	681	139.72	58.77
17	俄罗斯	犹太自治州	2396.00	877	16.61	6.87
18	俄罗斯	乌德穆尔特共和国	772.00	575	151.72	79.38
19	俄罗斯	莫斯科州	180.00	763	731.86	546.61
20	俄罗斯	诺夫哥罗德州	241.00	937	61.57	36.33
21	俄罗斯	哈卡斯共和国	1094.00	623	53.68	29.30
22	俄罗斯	列宁格勒州	905.00	823	177.88	136.78
23	俄罗斯	下诺夫戈洛德州	1032.00	672	326.03	173.25
24	俄罗斯	特维尔州	233.00	784	130.48	53.96
25	俄罗斯	克麦罗沃州	400.00	678	271.76	129.15
26	俄罗斯	基洛夫州	538.00	597	129.75	43.74
27	俄罗斯	鄂木斯克州	574.00	464	197.85	92.76
28	俄罗斯	秋明州	6728.00	499	361.55	896.95
29	俄罗斯	彼尔姆边疆区	671.00	591	263.44	163.58
30	俄罗斯	滨海边疆区	850.00	935	192.90	110.33
31	俄罗斯	阿尔泰边疆区	617.00	594	237.67	74.91
32	俄罗斯	图瓦共和国	545.00	425	31.56	7.88
33	俄罗斯	新西伯利亚州	703.00	409	276.22	156.25
34	俄罗斯	斯维尔德洛夫斯克州	393.00	511	433.00	297.14
35	俄罗斯	布里亚特共和国	867.00	341	98.23	29.59
36	俄罗斯	阿穆尔州	2065.00	667	80.57	40.46
37	俄罗斯	伊尔库茨克州	2716.00	349	241.28	159.17
38	俄罗斯	外贝加尔边疆区	816.00	395	108.30	41.36
39	俄罗斯	哈巴洛夫斯克边疆区	5763.00	627	133.45	93.64
40	中国	辽宁省	152.00	729	4232.00	3345.40
41	中国	吉林省	272.00	753	2645.50	2222.08
42	中国	黑龙江省	686.00	575	3799.23	2313.70
43	中国	内蒙古自治区	402.10	339	2520.10	2801.89

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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级别	C值	水资源利用程度及开发潜力	未来水资源开发评价
Ⅰ	>10	很高,潜力很小	艰巨,有条件时需要外流域调水
Ⅱ	5~10	高,潜力小	开发条件很困难
Ⅲ	2~5	中等,潜力较大	开发条件中等
Ⅳ	1~2	较低,潜力大	开发条件容易
Ⅴ	<1	低,潜力很大	兴修中小工程,开发容易

Evaluation of water resource exploration potential of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor based on carrying capacity

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