不同林龄天山云杉人工林土壤多功能性特征及影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.03.05

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil multifunctionality is a vital component of ecosystem multifunctionality. Exploring the multifunctionality of soil in the Picea schrenkiana plantation at various ages offers valuable insights into soil capabilities. This research should enhance our understanding and support the management of vibrant forest ecosystems, making a significant contribution to environmental science. This study investigated the Picea schrenkiana plantation at the ages of 30, 40, 50, and 60 years, focusing on 15 indicators related to soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, to evaluate the soil multifunctionality of the Picea schrenkiana plantation. The findings reveal the following: (1) Soil moisture content, total nitrogen, and available nitrogen initially decreased before increasing with forest age, while daily average temperature and organic matter content exhibited a consistent decline with increasing forest age. (2) The activity of soil urease displayed an inverted “N” shaped trend concerning forest age, whereas the activities of cellulase and invertase initially rose and then declined. Catalase activity gradually decreased with increasing forest age. (3) Soil multifunctionality increased and then decreased with aging of the forest. The main factors affecting soil multifunctionality included the available nitrogen and urease. Therefore, forest age is a significant ecological factor that influences soil multifunctionality of the Picea schrenkiana plantation. In addition, managing related factors such as soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity is crucial. These research findings are significant for the sustainable management of Picea schrenkiana plantation on the northern slopes of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang.

Key words: age of stand, Picea schrenkiana, plantation forests, soil multifunctionality, factor analysis

WANG Yu, ZHAO Shanchao, LI Liu, YUAN Yuan, GU Xiaoliang. Soil multifunctionality and its influences across various ages of Picea schrenkiana plantation[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(3): 445-455.

Figures/Tables 9

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林龄/a	海拔/m	平均树高/m	平均胸径/cm	林分密度/（株·hm^-2）
30	1795±34	11.06±2.07	12.43±0.98	2513±508
40	1930±12	15.73±0.25	15.73±0.35	2388±286
50	2040±25	15.44±1.01	17.42±1.37	1554±323
60	1999±34	18.41±2.64	21.59±2.66	1307±247

	指标	单位	检测方法
物理指标	土壤容重（Soil Bulk Density，SBD）	g·cm^-3	环刀法
	土壤含水量（Soil Water Content，SWC）	m3·m^-3	便携式数据采集器TH302及配套5TE探针便携式数据采集器TH302及配套5TE探针便携式数据采集器TH302及配套5TE探针
	日平均温度（Daily Mean Temperature，DMT）	℃
	电导率（Electrical Conductivity，EC）	us·cm^-1
化学指标	pH	-	电极法
	土壤有机质（Soil Organic Matter，SOM）	g·kg^-1	扩散吸收法
	全氮（Total Nitrogen，TN）	g·kg^-1	原子吸收法
	碱解氮（Alkali-hydrolyzed Nitrogen，AN）	mg·kg^-1	熏蒸法
	速效钾（Available Potassium，AK）	mg·kg^-1	醋酸铵浸提-火焰光谱法
	速效磷（Available Phosphorus，AP）	mg·kg^-1	碳酸氢钠浸提-钼锑抗比色法
酶活性	土壤脲酶（Solid-Urease，S-UE）	U·g^-1	靛酚蓝比色法
	土壤过氧化氢酶（Solid-Catalase，S-CAT）	U·g^-1	紫外吸收法
	土壤纤维素酶（Solid-Cellulase，S-CL）	U·g^-1	蒽酮比色法
	土壤蔗糖酶(Solid-Sucrase，S-SC）	U·g^-1	DNS法

	指标
	AN	S-UE	EC	SOM	AK	S-CL	SWC	S-SC	pH	SBD	DMT	S-CAT	TN	AP
因子载荷系数	-0.800	0.154	0.017	-0.015	0.007	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.002
公因子贡献率/%	94.341

林龄/a		指标
林龄/a		SBD	SWC	DMT	EC	pH	SOM	TN	AN	AP	AK	S-UE	S-CAT	S-SC	S-CL	SMF
SMF	30	0.90^**	0.89^**	0.94^**	0.92^**	0.93^**	-0.91^**	0.85^**	-1.00^**	0.88^**	-0.08	0.98^**	0.95^**	0.94^**	0.95^**	1
	40	0.92^**	0.91^**	0.97^**	0.88^**	0.95^**	-0.97^**	0.87^**	-1.00^**	0.89^**	0.83^**	0.98^**	0.97^**	0.96^**	0.78^*	1
	50	0.91^**	0.91^**	0.93^**	0.81^**	0.93^**	-0.92^**	0.89^**	-1.00^**	0.91^**	0.16	0.98^**	0.91^**	0.91^**	0.82^**	1
	6	0.95^**	0.95^**	0.98^**	0.83^**	0.98^**	-0.98^**	0.93^**	-1.00^**	0.89^**	-0.01	0.97^**	0.97^**	0.98^**	0.95^**	1

Soil multifunctionality and its influences across various ages of Picea schrenkiana plantation

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