基于GeoSOM网络的生态修复分区——以黄河流域山西段为例

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.02.12

Abstract

Abstract:

Ecological restoration is a major project to implement China’s ecological civilization construction. Delineating zoning units is a prerequisite and an essential foundation for the differentiated implementation of land remediation and ecological restoration; it holds significant theoretical and guiding value for formulating differentiated restoration measures. Taking the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin as an example, this study introduces the GeoSOM (Geographic Self-Organizing Map) algorithm to perform spatial clustering for ecological restoration in the study area based on grid units. The Dunn index evaluated the effectiveness of the clustering and selected the optimal scheme. Finally, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) identified the boundaries of the ecological restoration zones, resulting in the delineation of the ecological restoration areas. The results indicate that, after the GeoSOM network spatial clustering, the study area was divided into four major categories according to the Dunn index evaluation, with each category exhibiting significant spatial differentiation characteristics. Based on the clustering results, the SVM identified ten ecological restoration zones, and ecological restoration strategies were proposed for each zone. This study improves the traditional SOM network, which emphasizes thematic attributes, by using the GeoSOM algorithm that measures the similarity of thematic and spatial attributes, making it more suitable for spatial clustering. The findings provide a new reference for methods of ecological restoration zoning.

Key words: GeoSOM network, ecological restoration zoning, boundary identification, Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin

LI Hao, ZHANG Lei, LIANG Xiaolei, LIU Geng. Ecological restoration zoning based on the GeoSOM network: A case study of the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(2): 321-332.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

Ecological restoration zoning indicator system"

指标	计算模型	计算公式	参数解释
水源涵养	水量平衡方程^[2]	$T Q = ∑ i = 1 j P i - R i - E T i × A i × 103$	TQ为总水源涵养量（m³）；P_i为降雨量（mm）；R_i为地表径流量（mm）；ET_i为蒸散发（mm）；A_i为i类生态系统面积（km²）；i为研究区第i类生态系统类型；j为研究区生态系统类型数
水土保持	修正后的土壤流失RUSLE方程^[30]	$A c = A p - A r = R × K × L × S × 1 - C$	$A c$ 为水土保持量 $t ∙ h m - 2 ∙ a - 1$ ； $A p$ 为潜在土壤侵蚀量； $A r$ 为实际土壤侵蚀量; $R$ 为降雨侵蚀力因子 $M J ∙ m m ∙ h m - 2 ∙ h - 1 ∙ a - 1$ ；K为土壤可蚀性因子 $t ∙ h m 2 ∙ h ∙ h m - 2 ∙ M J - 1 ∙ m m - 1)$ ；L、S为地形因子, $L$ 表示坡长因子， $S$ 表示坡度因子； $C$ 为植被覆盖因子
防风固沙	估算潜在和实际风蚀强度模拟^[29]	$S R = S L p - S L S L p = 2 Z s p 2 × Q p m a x × e - z / s p 2 Q p m a x = 109.8 × W F × E F × S C F × K' s p = 150.71 × W F × E F × S C F × K' - 0.3711 S L = 2 Z s p 2 × Q r m a x × e - z / s r 2 Q r m a x = 109.8 × W F × E F × S C F × K' × C s r = 150.71 × W F × E F × S C F × K' × C - 0.3711$	$S R$ 为固沙量 $k g ∙ m - 2$ ； $S L p$ 为潜在风蚀量 $k g ∙ m - 2$ ； $S L$ 为实际风力侵蚀量 $k g ∙ m - 2$ ； $Q p m a x$ 为潜在风力的最大输沙能力 $k g ∙ m - 1$ ； $s p$ 为潜在关键地块长度（m）；Z为所计算下风向距离（m），本次计算取 $50 m$ ； $W F$ 为气候因子； $E F$ 为土壤可蚀性百分比 $%$ ； $S C F$ 为土壤结皮因子； $K'$ 为土壤精度因子； $Q r m a x$ 为实际风力的最大输沙能力 $k g ∙ m - 1$ ； $s r$ 为实际关键地块长度（m）； $C$ 为植被因子
食物生产	农田生产潜力数据集^[31]，GAEZ模型^[32]	$y i e l d t o t a l = y i e l d r a i n - f e d 1 - i + y i e l d i r r i g a t e d × i$	yield_total是由GAEZ模型计算的粮食总生产潜力；yield_irrigated和yield_rain-fed分别为灌溉和雨养条件下的粮食生产潜力； i为灌溉率，等于灌溉面积与总耕地面积的比率

Tab. 1

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Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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Ecological restoration zoning based on the GeoSOM network: A case study of the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin

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