气候暖湿化背景下新疆极端气候事件时空演变特征分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.06.01

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the daily meteorological data from 1982 to 2020, the spatial and temporal variability characteristics of extreme climate events in Xinjiang were analyzed using the methods of trend analysis, correlation analysis, Hurst index, and relative importance. The results indicate that the extreme temperature indices in Xinjiang show a warming trend, and the proportion of stations with different extreme temperature indices show a warming trend of 50.98%-100%. The temperature of the cold index was higher than that of the warm index, and the warming trend in southern Xinjiang is more significant than that in northern Xinjiang. Except for the continuous drought index, CDD, the overall extreme precipitation indices showed no significant upward trend, and the proportion of stations with an upward trend was 61.76%-85.29%. The increase in extreme temperature frequency indices, total precipitation, and moderate and light rain days significantly contributed to the warming and humidification trend in Xinjiang. Except for freezing days ID and annual mean rain days precipitation intensity SDII, the changes of other extreme climate indices were sustainable, and the extreme precipitation and warming trend of most extreme temperatures, especially the cold index, were more obvious at high altitudes.

Key words: warm and humid climate, extreme climate, spatiotemporal characteristics, altitude dependence, Xinjiang

WU Xiaodan,LUO Min,MENG Fanhao,SA Chula,YIN Chaohua,BAO Yuhai. New characteristics of spatio-temporal evolution of extreme climate events in Xinjiang under the background of warm and humid climate[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(6): 1695-1705.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Definition and classification of extreme climate indices"

类别	分类	指数名称	定义	指数代码	单位
极端降水指数	湿指数	单日最大降水量	每月最大1日降水量	Rx1day	mm
		连续5 d最大降水量	连续5日最大降水量	Rx5day	mm
		强降水量	单日降水量大于第95%的降水量和	R95p	mm
		极强降水量	单日降水量大于第99%的降水量和	R99p	mm
		年均雨日降水强度	单日降水量≥ 1mm的总量与总天数之比	SDII	mm·d^-1
		雨日降水总量	雨日(日降水量≥ 1mm)降水总量	PRCPTOT	mm
		持续湿润指数	日降水量≥1 mm的最长连续天数	CWD	d
		小雨日数	每年日降水量(PRCP) ≥1 mm的总天数	R1mm	d
		中雨日数	每年日降水量(PRCP) ≥10 mm的总天数	R10mm	d
		暴雨日数	每年日降水量(PRCP) ≥25 mm的总天数	R25mm	d
	干指数	持续干旱指数	日降水量<1 mm的最长连续天数	CDD	d
极端温度指数	暖指数	暖昼日数	日最高温度>90%分位值的天数	TX90p	d
		暖夜日数	日最低温度>90%分位值的天数	TN90p	d
		夏季日数	年内日最高温度>25 ℃的天数	SU	d
		热夜日数	年内日最低温度>20 ℃的天数	TR	d
		日最高温度的极高值	单月内日最高温度的最大值	TXx	℃
		日最低温度的极高值	单月内日最低温度的最大值	TNx	℃
	冷指数	冷昼日数	日最高温度<10%分位值的天数	TX10p	d
		冷夜日数	日最低温度<10%分位值的天数	TN10p	d
		霜冻日数	年内日最低温度<0 ℃的天数	FD	d
		冰冻日数	年内日最高温度<0 ℃的天数	ID	d
		日最高温度的极低值	单月内日最高温度的最小值	TXn	℃
		日最低温度的极低值	单月内日最低温度的最小值	TNn	℃
	其他指数	暖持续日数	日最高温度>90%分位值的连续6日的天数	WSDI	d
		冷持续日数	日最低温度<10%分位值的连续6日的天数	CSDI	d
		生长季长度	至少6日平均日平均气温>5 ℃的初日与<5 ℃的终日间的日数	GSL	d
		温度日较差	年内日最高温度与最低温度的差值	DTR	℃

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Tab. 2

Fig. 8

Tab. 3

Fig. 9

Tab. 4

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变化趋势	检验标准	温度指数	降水指数
不显著负相关	Slope<0，P>0.05	Tem、FD、TNx、TNn	R99p、CDD
显著负相关	Slope<0，P<0.05	TX10p、ID、SU、TR
不显著正相关	Slope>0，P>0.05	TN10p、TX90p、TN90p、TXx、WSDI、CSDI、DTR	Rx1day、Rx5day、SDII、R25mm
显著正相关	Slope>0，P<0.05	TXn、GSL	Pr、R95p、CWD、PRCPTOT、R1mm、R10mm

New characteristics of spatio-temporal evolution of extreme climate events in Xinjiang under the background of warm and humid climate

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