短期秸秆不同还田方式对土壤结构和水分影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.02.18

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil structure and water content are key factors influencing crop production. The effects of different short-term straw returning measures on soil structure and water evaporation were analyzed via field experiment and using evaporation bucket simulation tests. Four treatments were used: control (CK), broken stalks returned to the field (T1), broken stalks returned to the field plus whole stalk cover (T2), and whole stalk cover (T3). The study found the following results: (1) for the 0-20 cm soil layer, T1, T2, and T3 decreased soil bulk density and increased soil capillary porosity but had significant effects on aggregates. The contents of large aggregates in T1 and T2 significantly increased by 36.90% and 63.06%, respectively, compared with CK (P<0.05). Moreover, large aggregate content in T3 decreased by 9.89% compared with that in CK. (2) T1, T2, and T3 may increase the average soil water content in the 0-60 cm soil layer and decrease the cumulative evaporation of soil water. The smallest cumulative evaporation was seen in T3, and no significant difference was observed between T2 and T3. Compared with CK, the transpiration inhibition rate of T2 and T3 was 3.65% and 4.13%, respectively. (3) Broken stalks returned to the field plus whole stalk cover had the best effect on improving soil structure and inhibiting soil water evaporation.

Key words: straw broken stalk return to the field, whole straw mulch, soil physical structure, evaporation of soil water

ZHOU Yanli,WU Haimei,ZHOU Yandong,SHANG Xumin,PANG Lei. Effects of different short-term straw returning methods on soil structure and water content[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(2): 502-509.

Figures/Tables 7

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处理	土壤容重/（g·cm^-3）		土壤孔隙度/%
处理	土壤容重/（g·cm^-3）	总孔隙度	毛管孔隙度	非毛管孔隙度
CK	1.39±0.03a	47.70±1.30b	19.19±0.64c	28.51±1.38a
T1	1.31±0.02b	50.63±0.69a	25.77±0.68a	24.86±0.93b
T2	1.32±0.04ab	50.07±1.49ab	23.55±1.28b	26.52±2.05ab
T3	1.34±0.04ab	49.41±1.58ab	20.75±1.24c	28.66±1.18a

处理	MWD/mm	GMD/mm	ELT/%
CK	0.85±0.03c	0.97±0.01c	34.14±1.63a
T1	1.89±0.08a	1.47±0.04a	23.33±2.96c
T2	1.90±0.02a	1.44±0.01a	22.48±1.14c
T3	1.32±0.04b	1.14±0.03b	28.89±1.77b

处理	E拟合参数		R²	ab	b-1
	a	b	R²	ab	b-1
CK	3.806	0.705	0.940	2.683	-0.295
T1	3.223	0.767	0.935	2.472	-0.233
T2	1.978	0.916	0.953	1.812	-0.084
T3	1.602	0.977	0.966	1.565	-0.023

Effects of different short-term straw returning methods on soil structure and water content

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