Abstract: Drought is a kind of natural disaster occurring frequently and affecting agricultural production in China, and it is important to improve the ecological environment, optimize the land allocation and water resources redistribution, and relieve the shortage of ecological resources in arid zone. The MODIS sensor is significantly advantageous in monitoring land use change because of its high spectral resolution, high temporal resolution and appropriate spatial resolution. Temperature vegetation drought index [WTBX](TVDI)[WTBZ] is widely used, and there are many evidences to reveal that it is a reasonable and effective way in monitoring land use change related significantly to drought. [WTBX]TVDI[WTBZ] is of an important theoretical significance in drought monitoring, crop irrigation, agricultural production, pasture conservation, forest fire detection, etc. By using [WTBX]TVDI[WTBZ] method from MODIS product, the spatiotemporal distribution of drought can be derived to explore the relationship between different land use types and drought over the Songliao Plain based on ecogeographical regionalization. The ecogeographical regionalization system is based on the biological and nonbiological factors. This study revealed that [WTBX]TVDI[WTBZ] turns out to be an effective way to get drought conditions, and the result was consistent with Zheng D[JP8]u’[JP]s ecogeographical regionalization theory. Temporal and spatial variation of drought in the study area was quite different from different time and different subregions during the period from 2002 to 2009. The area of drought was the largest in 2009 but the smallest in 2004. Holistically, the study area was in a wetting trend, and the proportion of wetting area including mainly the cropland, woodland and grassland was as high as 84.95%. [WTBX]TVDI[WTBZ] could not be used to monitor waters.