Abstract: Based on the “perceptionadaptation” framework formed in the research on adaptation to climate change at the household pasture scale, the herdsmen’perception and adaptation to climate change and extreme weather events in northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains were researched using questionnaires method. The results were as follows:① Climate change trended significantly to warmingwetting pattern during the period from 1980 to 2009, but most herdsmen thought that precipitation was decreased, which contradicted to the meteorological data. Comparatively, they had an accurate judgment about temperature; ② Annual and autumn precipitation had the most powerful explanation for herdsmen’s perception, snowfall in January had that to drought years and snow disasters, and herdsmen’s perception to extreme climate events was more sensitive in recent years; ③ There was a significant correlation between herdsmen’s perception intensity to the years with extreme climate events and the livestock loss. Therefore, livestock loss in disasters was an important factor affecting herdsmen’s perception; ④ Forage purchase and livestock selling were the main measures of herdsmen to adapt climate change. In general, the measure of protecting livestock was taken more commonly than that of decreasing livestock. It was considered that herdsmen’s perception to climate change was an important information basis for adapting measures. The essence of herdsmen’s adaption to climate change was to take the some measures and balance the pasture resources and livestock production in compound familial pasture system.