祁连山中部一次层状云降水云微物理特征的飞机观测研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.02.03

Abstract

Abstract:

The microphysical characteristics of a stratiform precipitation cloud in the central Qilian Mountains on August 27, 2022, were analyzed through aircraft measurements. The results revealed significant differences in the cloud microphysical characteristics with different altitudes and regions. The supercooled liquid water content decreased as the altitude increased. In the -6 ℃ to -3 ℃ layer, the mean supercooled liquid water content was about 0.05 g·m^-3, while in the higher layer of -15 ℃ to -12 ℃, the supercooled liquid water content was only 0.015 g·m^-3, less than one-third of the lower layer. The riming process is essential in the growth of particles at all altitudes, with the mean diameter of the particles in the cloud reaching several hundred micrometers. Combining riming and aggregation processes can result in a particle spectrum width of over 6 mm. The mean diameter of the particles in the -6 ℃ to -3 ℃ layer was smaller than that in the upper layer, which may be caused by the evaporation and fragmentation of large particles while falling. On the mountain’s southwestern side, the low-level southerly wind with moisture lifted by the topography resulted in condensation and the production of numerous cloud droplets. The small particle concentration on the mountain’s southwestern side is one order of magnitude higher than that on the northeastern side, and the supercooled liquid water content is also higher. On the mountain’s southwestern side, the cloud particles are mainly supercooled cloud droplets and graupel particles; the aggregation process is not obvious, and the particle concentration is high. On the northeastern side, aggregated ice particles and graupels dominate, and the low concentration of small particles leads to a larger mean size of cloud particles.

Key words: cloud microphysical characteristics, aircraft observation, orographic stratiform clouds, Qilian Mountains

FU Shuangxi, QI Peng, CHANG Yi, BA Li, CHEN Qi. Aircraft observation of the cloud microphysical characteristics of stratocumulus precipitation in the Qilian Mountains[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(2): 212-222.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 21

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设备名称	探测范围	分辨率
云和气溶胶粒子谱仪（CAS）	0.54~50 μm	0.7~5 μm
云粒子成像仪（CIP）	25~1550 μm	25 μm
降水粒子成像仪（PIP）	100~6200 μm	100 μm
热线含水量仪（Hotwire_LWC）	0~3 g·m^-3	-
飞机综合气象要素测量系统（AIMMS20）	温度、海拔、空气流速、经纬度等

	LWC/(g·m^-3)		D_CIP/μm		D_PIP/μm
	东北	西南	东北	西南	东北	西南
-15~-12 ℃	0.015	0.014	418.35	396.04	478.85	525.54
-9~-6 ℃	0.028	-	386.33	-	721.21	-
-6~-3 ℃	0.043	0.056	363.37	187.46	598.08	418.18

	N_CAS/L^-1		N_CIP/L^-1		N_PIP/L^-1
	东北	西南	东北	西南	东北	西南
-15~-12 ℃	1094.66	1306.31	5.36	127.74	1.00	30.00
-9~-6 ℃	6567.96	-	10.83	-	0.60	-
-6~-3 ℃	3100.97	25828.10	2.97	6.19	0.44	0.25

Aircraft observation of the cloud microphysical characteristics of stratocumulus precipitation in the Qilian Mountains

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