典型固沙植物种子萌发和幼苗生长对土壤水分的响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.05.11

Abstract

Abstract:

Seed germination and the seedling growth of sand-fixing plants are decisive aspects of land desertification management, and soil moisture is the main limiting factor affecting these aspects. In this study, we compared and analyzed the seed germination of three sand-fixing plants under different moisture gradients (4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) in an indoor potting experiment using Hedysarum scoparium, Caragana korshinskii, and Artemisia desertorum to investigate the response of seed germination and seedling growth of sand-fixing plants to changes soil in moisture. The results showed that: (1) significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the seed germination characteristics of the three sand-fixing plants as the soil moisture increased. The germination rates tended to increase and then decrease as the soil moisture increased. C. scoparium had the highest germination rate at 15% and 20% soil moisture (83.00% in both); C. korshinskii had the highest germination rate at 10% soil moisture (73.00%); and the seed germination rate of A. desertorum reached the maximum value of 77.50% at 15% soil moisture, and then slowly decreased, although the change was not significant. (2) The leaf area and root length of the three plants showed tended to first increase and then decrease as the soil moisture increased, and the specific leaf area and root:crown ratio tended to decrease and then increase. (3) The highest biomass of C. scoparium, C. korshinski, and A. desertorum seedlings was 0.0733 g, 0.1142 g, and 0.0363 g at 10%, 8%, and 20% soil moisture, respectively, and the aboveground biomass was significantly higher than the belowground biomass (P<0.05), although the allocation of belowground biomass by C. korshinski seedlings was higher than that of C. scoparium and A. desertorum. (4) The SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, Pro content, SS content, and Chl content of the three sand-fixing plants tended to increase and then decrease as the soil moisture increased, whereas the MDA content, membrane permeability, and relative water content tended to decrease and then increase. Based on the above results, it was concluded that the three sand-fixing plants of C. scoparium, C. korshinski, and A. desertorum had the best seedling growth at 15%, 8% and 8% soil moisture, respectively, through the analysis of the affiliation function method. Therefore, when these three sand-fixing plants are used for vegetation restoration, the changes in soil moisture caused by rainfall conditions should be fully considered in addition to the seeds’ own traits to improve the seedling emergence rate and the success of seedling growth.

Key words: soil moisture stress, pot experiment, seed germination, seedling growth, phenotype

YANG Zhuqing, WANG Lei, ZHANG Xue, SHEN Jianxiang, ZHANG Yijing, LI Xinyu, ZHANG Bo, NIU Jinshuai. Seed germination and seedling growth of typical sand-fixing plants in response to soil moisture[J].Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(5): 830-842.

Figures/Tables 7

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 3

Subordinate values and comprehensive evaluation of plant phenotypes under different soil moisture conditions"

物种	表型指标	土壤水分
物种	表型指标	4%	6%	8%	10%	15%	20%	25%
花棒 C. scoparium	叶面积	0.00	0.33	0.49	0.68	0.61	1.00	0.26
	比叶面积	1.00	0.00	0.24	0.70	0.53	0.40	0.39
	根长	0.21	0.99	1.00	0.96	0.81	0.90	0.00
	根冠比	1.00	0.25	0.11	0.08	0.08	0.21	0.00
	株高	0.00	0.62	0.68	0.92	1.00	0.97	0.39
	地上生物量	0.00	0.74	0.81	1.00	0.97	0.76	0.07
	地下生物量	0.92	0.92	0.82	0.89	0.90	1.00	0.00
	超氧化物歧化酶	0.00	0.61	1.00	0.89	0.86	0.27	0.21
	过氧化物酶	0.20	0.06	0.00	0.02	0.31	0.48	1.00
	丙二醛	0.83	0.72	0.35	0.00	0.38	0.34	1.00
	脯氨酸	0.27	0.47	1.00	0.61	0.31	0.27	0.00
	过氧化氢酶	0.20	0.62	1.00	0.54	0.42	0.40	0.00
	可溶性糖	0.25	0.77	0.89	1.00	0.81	0.36	0.00
	叶绿素	0.67	0.64	0.63	0.86	1.00	0.16	0.00
	电导	1.00	0.31	0.00	0.03	0.41	0.42	0.87
	叶片饱和鲜质量	0.71	0.69	0.00	0.34	0.50	0.53	1.00
	平均	0.43	0.52	0.54	0.57	0.59	0.51	0.32
	名次	6	4	3	2	1	5	7
柠条锦鸡儿C. korshinskii	叶面积	0.00	0.42	0.81	1.00	0.85	0.85	0.36
	比叶面积	0.03	0.00	0.28	0.18	0.51	1.00	0.71
	根长	0.03	0.59	0.72	0.84	1.00	0.90	0.00
	根冠比	0.84	0.56	0.34	0.79	0.82	1.00	0.00
	株高	0.00	1.00	0.87	0.49	0.94	0.65	0.43
	地上生物量	0.00	0.78	1.00	0.67	0.65	0.21	0.06
	地下生物量	0.44	0.89	0.85	1.00	0.98	0.72	0.00
	超氧化物歧化酶	0.68	0.57	1.00	0.58	0.33	0.17	0.00
	过氧化物酶	1.00	0.63	0.59	0.54	0.00	0.07	0.74
	丙二醛	1.00	0.63	0.30	0.00	0.06	0.37	0.45
	脯氨酸	0.67	1.00	0.63	0.36	0.34	0.16	0.00
	过氧化氢酶	0.47	0.74	0.88	1.00	0.56	0.53	0.00
	可溶性糖	0.00	0.24	0.32	0.81	1.00	0.31	0.07
	叶绿素	0.81	0.91	1.00	0.69	0.71	0.24	0.00
	电导	0.46	0.37	0.00	0.15	0.24	0.71	1.00
	叶片饱和鲜质量	0.70	0.35	0.33	0.00	0.19	0.19	1.00
	平均	0.42	0.57	0.59	0.54	0.55	0.49	0.30
	名次	6	2	1	4	3	5	7
沙蒿 A. desertorum	叶面积	0.26	0.54	1.00	0.67	0.82	0.60	0.00
	比叶面积	1.00	0.02	0.22	0.19	0.02	0.00	0.19
	根长	0.41	1.00	0.97	0.32	0.25	0.16	0.00
	根冠比	0.00	0.29	0.85	0.33	0.42	0.45	1.00
	株高	0.00	1.00	0.63	0.59	0.24	0.96	0.18
	地上生物量	0.00	1.00	0.68	0.69	0.68	0.57	0.02
	地下生物量	0.00	0.75	1.00	0.64	0.66	0.64	0.50
	超氧化物歧化酶	0.97	1.00	0.54	0.42	0.08	0.02	0.00
	过氧化物酶	1.00	0.76	0.54	0.22	0.50	0.00	0.76
	丙二醛	0.54	0.44	0.00	0.28	0.41	0.72	1.00
	脯氨酸	0.00	0.22	1.00	0.53	0.20	0.10	0.01
	过氧化氢酶	0.58	1.00	0.89	0.83	0.32	0.21	0.00
	可溶性糖	0.16	0.85	1.00	0.63	0.36	0.12	0.00
	叶绿素	0.81	0.76	1.00	0.54	0.61	0.08	0.00
	电导	1.00	0.00	0.06	0.12	0.46	0.52	0.92
	叶片饱和鲜质量	0.00	0.37	0.67	0.70	1.00	0.75	0.20
	平均	0.40	0.59	0.66	0.46	0.42	0.36	0.30
	名次	5	2	1	3	4	6	7

Tab. 3

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序号	物种名称	来源
1	花棒（Hedysarum scoparium）	宁夏盐池
2	柠条锦鸡儿（Caragana korshinskii）	宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区
3	沙蒿（Artemisia desertorum）	宁夏盐池

萌发参数	土壤水分	物种
萌发参数	土壤水分	花棒	柠条锦鸡儿	沙蒿
萌发率（GP）	4%	68±11.55bc	40±15.17b	32.5±11.62d
	6%	75.5±14.09ab	64±5.39a	50±12.65c
	8%	82±6.6a	71.5±7.84a	65±5.7ab
	10%	82.5±3.87a	73±4.85a	75.5±8.28ab
	15%	83±3.32a	72±9a	77.5±10.12a
	20%	83±7.31a	61.5±7.35a	64±3b
	25%	60.5±10.3c	16±5.15c	67.5±12.45ab
萌发速率系数（CGR）	4%	1097.54±109.03b	867.39±110.29b	2451.21±336.54a
	6%	985.69±64.59c	845.86±65.70b	2363.63±167.00a
	8%	980.24±15.94c	837.42±89.47b	2269.18±334.30a
	10%	992.70±27.08c	841.13±63.25b	2080.28±400.38ab
	15%	1104.33±64.02b	830.67±58.63c	1617.02±363.42b
	20%	1003.80±4.39c	862.87±79.15b	2042.73±547.85ab
	25%	1551.54±109.40a	1406.43±206.06a	2158.28±299.11ab
萌发值（GV）	4%	9.01±3.85bc	2.93±1.46cd	0.67±0.36c
	6%	13.28±6.58ab	5.68±0.91b	1.68±0.76bc
	8%	14.29±3.68ab	7.32±2.49ab	2.09±0.96bc
	10%	16.19±0.72a	8.33±2.59a	2.70±0.98ab
	15%	15.83±2.86a	7.10±1.94ab	4.42±2.56a
	20%	15.65±5.38a	4.99±1.86bc	2.40±0.65bc
	25%	5.61±1.99c	0.54±0.31d	2.43±0.80bc
活力指数（VI）	4%	2.58±0.47b	2.31±0.67c	0.78±0.38c
	6%	3.22±0.44a	3.82±0.40ab	1.14±0.35c
	8%	3.50±0.35a	4.06±0.50ab	1.90±0.40b
	10%	3.45±0.12a	3.53±0.77b	2.63±0.66a
	15%	3.38±0.16a	4.50±0.83a	3.15±0.73a
	20%	3.38±0.33a	3.60±0.53b	2.61±0.22ab
	25%	1.67±0.17c	0.50±0.19d	2.73±0.69a
萌发指数（GI）	4%	970.24±249.71b	411.97±156.24c	368.03±119.27d
	6%	1686.51±378.33a	1243.02±225.16b	880.56±256.52b
	8%	1869.06±240.93a	1596.25±325.01ab	1086.39±147.57a
	10%	1946.83±116.19a	1656.80±240.98a	939.52±206.64ab
	15%	1855.66±127.38a	1763.71±220.52a	883.38±60.73b
	20%	1817.19±152.39a	1356.66±236.26b	805.97±102.89bc
	25%	811.53±180.07b	180.30±58.49c	596.65±119.97cd

Seed germination and seedling growth of typical sand-fixing plants in response to soil moisture

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