我国荒漠植被生产力动态及其与水热因子的关系

干旱区研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 459-466.

我国荒漠植被生产力动态及其与水热因子的关系

刘雪佳¹，董璐²，赵杰³，杜自强²，张红¹

1. 山西大学环境与资源学院，山西太原 030006；2. 山西大学黄土高原研究所，山西太原 030006；3. 西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院，陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2018-06-04 修回日期:2018-10-08 出版日期:2019-03-15 发布日期:2019-03-12
通讯作者: 杜自强
作者简介:刘雪佳(1994-)，女，硕士研究生，主要从事植被与生态遥感、土地变化科学方面的研究. E-mail: chrxuejia@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41161066，41401643)；山西省十二·五科技重大专项(201211010111)

Dynamic State of Desert Vegetation Productivity and Its Relationship with Water-Heat Factors in China

LIU Xue-jia¹, DONG Lu², ZHAO Jie³,DU Zi-qiang², ZHANG Hong¹

1. College of Environment and Resources,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi,China; 2. Institute of Loess Plateau Research,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi,China; 3. College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China

Received:2018-06-04 Revised:2018-10-08 Online:2019-03-15 Published:2019-03-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨近30 a来我国干旱区荒漠植被的净初级生产力(NPP)及其与水热因子相关性随时间的变化，运用CASA(Carnegie Ames Stanford approach)模型估算我国荒漠植被1982—2015年生长季的NPP，并运用线性回归和GIS空间分析方法分析了NPP的时空变化特征，利用滑动相关系数分析了荒漠植被NPP与水热因子的关系。结果表明：① 单位面积NPP均值为42 g·m^-2·a^-1，NPP整体水平较低。空间上呈西北部、东部边缘较高，中部、南部和中东部较低的分布特征。② 荒漠植被NPP年均总量为5.783×1013g·a^-1。从荒漠植被NPP的年际变化来看，1982—2015年中国荒漠植被NPP总量以1.64×1012g·(10a)^-1的线性速率（P=0.054）上升，荒漠植被生长状况总体上不断改善，但总量趋势呈现阶段性变化，1982—1993年荒漠植被NPP总量呈极显著增长态势（1.25×1012 g·a^-1， P<0.01）； 1993—2006年NPP总量呈极显著降低态势（-6.42×1011 g·a^-1， P<0.01）； 2006—2015年NPP总量缓慢增长（1.70×1011 g·a^-1，P>0.05）。从空间变化来看，47.65%的荒漠植被NPP呈增加态势，主要分布在阿拉善高原、天山北麓、塔里木盆地西部边缘、柴达木盆地的东南边缘、阿尔金山南麓和昆仑山脉。③ 从荒漠植被NPP与各气候因子之间的相关关系随时间的变化来看，NPP与气温的滑动相关系数随时间的变化保持为负相关，与降水、干燥度的滑动相关系数保持为正相关，与太阳总辐射的滑动相关系数随时间变化并未表现出显著的变化趋势。总体上，荒漠植被与水热因子的相关关系在研究时段均有进一步减弱的态势，即荒漠植被NPP对气候因子的变化愈来愈不敏感。

关键词: 净初级生产力, 荒漠植被, 气候因子, 滑动相关, 水热因子

Abstract:

In this paper, the CASA (Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach) model was used to estimate the NPP of desert vegetation in its growing season from 1982 to 2015, and the linear regression and GIS spatial analysis methods were applied to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of NPP. The purposes of the study were to explore the net primary productivity of desert vegetation and its correlation with water-heat factors in China’s arid regions in recent three decades. The sliding correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between NPP and water-heat factors. The results showed that: ① The average NPP per unit area was 42 g·m^-2·a^-1, and the overall level of NPP was low. Spatially, it was higher in the northwestern and eastern margins but lower in the central, southern and mid-eastern regions; ② The average annual NPP of desert vegetation was 5.78×10¹³g·a^-1. For the interannual variation, the linear change rate of the total NPP of desert vegetation was 1.64×10¹² g·(10a)^-1 (P=0.054) in China from 1982 to 2015, desert vegetation was generally improved, but the total change trend was staged. The total amount of NPP showed an extremely significant growth trend (1.25×10¹² g·a^-1, P<0.01) during the period of 1982-1993, it was significantly decreased from 1993 to 2006 (-0.64×10¹² g·a^-1, P<0.01), and increased slowly during the period of 2006-2015 (0.17×10¹² g·a^-1, P>0.05). From the perspective of spatial change, 47.65% NPP of desert vegetation was in an increase trend, which was mainly distributed in the Alashan Plateau, north piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains, western marginal zone of the Tarim Basin, southeastern marginal zone of the Qaidam Basin, south piedmont of the Altun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains; ③ From the perspective of the change of correlation between desert vegetation NPP and climatic factors with the time, the sliding correlation coefficient between NPP and temperature was negatively correlated with the time, but positively correlated between NPP and precipitation and dryness. There was no significant variation of sliding correlation coefficient between NPP and total solar radiation with the time. In general, the correlation between desert vegetation and water-heat factors was further weakened during the study period, that is, the desert vegetation NPP was increasingly insensitive to the change of climatic factors.

Key words: net primary productivity, desert vegetation, climatic factor, sliding correlation, hydrothermic factor

刘雪佳, 董璐, 赵杰, 杜自强, 张红. 我国荒漠植被生产力动态及其与水热因子的关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(2): 459-466.

LIU Xue-jia, DONG Lu, ZHAO Jie, DU Zi-qiang, ZHANG Hong. Dynamic State of Desert Vegetation Productivity and Its Relationship with Water-Heat Factors in China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(2): 459-466.

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