干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1344-1351.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.06.11

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国北方一次强沙尘暴天气过程的大气污染效应

蒋雨荷1、王式功1、靳双龙2、樊晋1   

  1. （1、成都信息工程大学 大气科学学院，四川 成都 610225；
    2.中国电力科学研究院新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室，北京 100192）
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-03 修回日期:2018-06-20 出版日期:2018-11-15 发布日期:2018-11-08
  • 作者简介:蒋雨荷（1994-），女,硕士研究生，主要从事气象环境与健康研究.E-mail：1404492639@qq.com.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目（91644226）;国家电网公司科技项目资助（1704-00206）和国家基础科技条件平台建设项目（NCMI－SBS17－201707,NCMI－SJS15－201707）共同资助

Air Pollution in a Strong Sandstorm in North China

JIANG Yu-he1, WANG Shi-gong1, JIN Shuang-long2, FAN Jin1   

  1. (1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sicuan,China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Control of New Energy and Energy Storage, China Academy of Electric Power Research, Beijing 100192, China)
  • Received:2018-01-03 Revised:2018-06-20 Online:2018-11-15 Published:2018-11-08
  • Contact: 王式功.（E-mail：wangsg@cuit.edu.cn）

PDF (PC)

637

赞

摘要： 利用常规环境监测的污染物浓度数据、NCEP/NCAR 0.5°×0.5°再分析资料以及常规气象观测资料，对2017年5月3—6日先后影响了我国13个省（自治区、直辖市）的强沙尘暴大气污染过程进行了研究。结果表明：主要受影响城市的PM10日平均浓度相对月平均浓度增长了2~10倍，PM2.5日平均浓度相对月平均浓度增长了5~8倍。强沙尘暴爆发期间颗粒物浓度呈明显的上升趋势，且PM10浓度值较PM2.5浓度值增幅更加明显，表明沙尘暴挟裹了大量的粗颗粒污染物；相反，沙尘暴发生期间，SO2、CO和NO2三种气态污染物的日平均浓度均呈下降趋势，表明沙尘暴对气态污染物有一定的扩散效应，而对O3浓度变化无显著影响。此外，沙尘暴爆发期间能见度低值区、PM10浓度高值区以及3h正变压区的位置基本一致，都位于地面冷锋的后部地区，这为沙尘暴及其污染预报和预防提供了天气学依据

关键词: 沙尘暴, 可吸入颗粒物（PM10, PM2.5）, 环流形势；气态污染物（SO2, CO, NO2）

Abstract: In this study, the routine environmental monitoring of pollutant concentration data, NCEP/NCAR 0.5°×0.5° reanalysis data and conventional meteorological observation data were used. The purpose of the study was to lucubrate the air pollution process of a strong sandstorm in 13 provinces (including autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in China from May 3 to 6, 2017. The results showed that the average daily concentration of PM10 in the main cities suffering from the sandstorm was increased by 2-10 times relative to the monthly average. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 was increased by 5~8 times relative to the monthly average concentration. During the intense sandstorm, the concentration of particulate matter was in a clear upward trend, and the increase of PM10 concentration was more obvious than that of PM2.5, which indicated that the sandstorm carried a large amount of coarse particle pollutants. On the contrary, during the occurrence of sandstorm, the average daily concentrations of SO2, CO and NO2 were in a decrease trend, which revealed that the sandstorm had a certain effect of diffusing O3. In addition, the locations of the regions with low visibility, high PM10 concentration and 3 h positive pressure were basically accorded with and located in the rear of ground cold front, which could provide a synoptic basis for predicting and preventing sandstorm and its pollution.

Key words: dust storm, inhalable particles (PM10 and PM2.5), circulation feature, gaseous pollutants (SO2, CO and NO2)