陇中半干旱区不同类型农户抗旱适应能力定量评价——以榆中县为例

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.04.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干旱是全球气候变化背景下备受关注的科学问题之一，不仅影响农业生产，威胁农户生计，甚至阻碍乡村可持续发展。研究农户抗旱适应能力，有助于提升农户生计可持续性。选择榆中县为研究区，借助社会-生态系统框架（SES）下适应能力的概念，构建农户抗旱适应能力评价模型；基于农户调查数据的生计特征统计，将农户分为补贴依赖型、务农专业型、务工专业型、兼业型和职业型，定量评价榆中县农户抗旱适应能力，并分析其影响因素。结果表明：①农户类型呈现多元化，其中务工专业型农户最多，职业型农户最少。②农户抗旱适应能力整体稳定性较差，且存在较大的内部差异；不同类型农户抗旱适应能力稳定性从高到低依次为：补贴依赖型>务农专业型>务工专业型>兼业型>职业型。③农户抗旱适应能力障碍因素主要有干旱损失、自然资本、农户认知、节水灌溉和社会资本5大维度。

关键词: 农户, 抗旱, 适应能力, 定量评价, 榆中县

Abstract: Drought is one of the scientific issues of concern in the context of global climate change, not only affecting agricultural production, threatening farmer livelihoods, and even hindering rural sustainable development. Studying farmers’ adaptive capacity to drought can help to improve farmers’ livelihood sustainability. Chooseing the Yuzhong County as the study area, the evaluation model of farmer's adaptive capacity to drought resistance was established by means of the concept of adaptability under the social-ecological system framework (SES)；Based on the livelihood characteristics of farmer survey data, the farmers were divided into subsidy-dependent，agriculture-oriented，worker-oriented，concurrent and professional type,quantitatively assessed of the adaptive capacity of rural farmers in Yuzhong County, and analyzed the influencing factors of farmers’ adaptive capacity.The results show that:①The types of farmers’ is diversification, of which the most is worker-oriented farmers, the least is professional farmers.②The overall stability of farmers’ adaptive capacity to drought resistance is poor, and there exist larger internal differences;The stability of different types of farmers’ adaptive capacity to drought resistance from high to low is: subsidy-dependent>agriculture-oriented>worker-oriented>concurrent>professional.③The barriers of farmers’ adaptive capacity to drought resistance are mainly concentrated on the five dimensions, including drought loss, natural capital, farmers’ cognition,water saving irrigation and social capital.

Key words: farmers, drought resistance, adaptive capacity, quantitative evaluation, Yuzhong County

王婷，石育中，刘倩，温腾飞，杨新军. 陇中半干旱区不同类型农户抗旱适应能力定量评价——以榆中县为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(4): 992-1000.

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